{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.hydroxy-alpha-sanshool","code":"thing-q900922","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q900922/","name":"hydroxy alpha sanshool","alternateNames":[],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.1.0-research.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.MAT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"Hydroxy-alpha-sanshool is a naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acid amide found in Zanthoxylum peppers that contributes to their characteristic tingling and numbing oral sensations.","purpose":"Enable an agent to identify hydroxy-alpha-sanshool, assess the composition and condition of a sample, and determine whether evidence supports its intended analytical, sensory or experimental use.","scope":{"in":["Molecular identity and differentiation from other sanshools","Sample purity, isomer distribution and concentration","Physical properties, dissolution and storage-dependent condition","Evidence connecting measured exposure to sensory or neuronal responses","Substance-specific handling and jurisdiction-dependent use constraints"],"out":["Zanthoxylum species, cultivation and whole-pepper composition","Complete pepper extracts, seasonings and finished food formulations","Extraction and synthesis processes as production systems","General models of sensory neurons and ion channels","Clinical treatment protocols and therapeutic efficacy claims"],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Require a structure-resolved identity for hydroxy-alpha-sanshool; the label 'sanshool' alone does not distinguish the hydroxylated alpha compound from related substances.","Check molecular formula C16H25NO2 against the assigned identity, while recognising that formula alone cannot distinguish geometric isomers. [PubChem](https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Hydroxy-Alpha-Sanshool)","Distinguish hydroxy-alpha-sanshool from hydroxy-beta-sanshool using evidence resolving double-bond geometry, rather than nominal molecular mass alone.","Distinguish isolated hydroxy-alpha-sanshool from pepper extracts by quantified target content and a resolved profile of accompanying alkylamides.","Treat tingling or neuronal excitation as supporting activity evidence rather than a chemical identity test; published experiments examine responses under specific exposure conditions. [Primary sensory study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20335471/)"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"sanshool-identity","name":"Sanshool identity","description":"Establish which molecular structure the registry entry and each candidate sample denote.","layers":[{"id":"molecular-boundary","name":"Molecular boundary","description":"Resolve connectivity and the geometric identity represented by the alpha designation.","findings":[{"id":"structure-assignment","name":"Structure assignment","description":"A name match is insufficient unless the associated structure specifies the hydroxylated substituent and relevant double-bond geometry.","questions":[{"text":"What complete stereochemistry-explicit structure defines hydroxy-alpha-sanshool in this model?","id":"structure-assignment-q01","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which structural differences separate it from hydroxy-beta-sanshool and alpha-sanshool?","id":"structure-assignment-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"identity-evidence","name":"Identity evidence","description":"Connect external identifiers and sample measurements to the same molecular entity.","findings":[{"id":"reference-and-sample-match","name":"Reference and sample match","description":"Identifiers, reference standards and analytical assignments must agree at the isomer level.","questions":[{"text":"Which CAS, PubChem and EC records have been checked against the explicit structure rather than the substance name alone?","id":"reference-and-sample-match-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What chromatographic and spectroscopic evidence distinguishes this sample from co-occurring sanshool isomers?","id":"reference-and-sample-match-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"sample-composition","name":"Sample composition","description":"Represent how much hydroxy-alpha-sanshool is present and what accompanies it.","layers":[{"id":"target-content","name":"Target content","description":"Quantify hydroxy-alpha-sanshool independently of total alkylamide content.","findings":[{"id":"assay-basis","name":"Assay basis","description":"Purity requires a stated measurement basis and sufficient selectivity for the target isomer.","questions":[{"text":"Is reported purity a calibrated mass fraction, chromatographic area percentage or total-sanshool estimate?","id":"assay-basis-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Does the method resolve hydroxy-alpha-sanshool from other components sufficiently to calculate target-specific concentration?","id":"assay-basis-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"origin-and-accompanying-material","name":"Origin and accompanying material","description":"Track source-dependent constituents relevant to interpreting the isolated sample.","findings":[{"id":"matrix-and-impurities","name":"Matrix and impurities","description":"Botanical or synthetic origin informs which accompanying materials need investigation, without redefining molecular identity.","questions":[{"text":"Was the sample isolated from an identified botanical source or produced synthetically, and which lot records support that origin?","id":"matrix-and-impurities-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which other sanshools, residual solvents or unidentified components are present at levels relevant to the intended use?","id":"matrix-and-impurities-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"physical-state-and-integrity","name":"Physical state and integrity","description":"Assess the usable condition of neat material and preparations over time.","layers":[{"id":"phase-and-dissolution","name":"Phase and dissolution","description":"Record observed phase, thermal behaviour and dissolution under explicit conditions.","findings":[{"id":"available-dissolved-compound","name":"Available dissolved compound","description":"Physical-property values and preparation concentrations require conditions and direct evidence applicable to hydroxy-alpha-sanshool.","questions":[{"text":"What measured phase and thermal-transition data exist, and do heating observations indicate a transition or decomposition?","id":"available-dissolved-compound-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"At the intended solvent composition and temperature, how much hydroxy-alpha-sanshool remains dissolved?","id":"available-dissolved-compound-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"storage-dependent-change","name":"Storage-dependent change","description":"Determine whether handling changes target content or isomer distribution.","findings":[{"id":"integrity-and-retest","name":"Integrity and retest","description":"Storage decisions should follow measured changes; susceptibility to particular degradation pathways remains a research question until demonstrated.","questions":[{"text":"How do light, oxygen, temperature and storage duration affect target recovery and the resolved isomer profile?","id":"integrity-and-retest-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which measured acceptance limits require retesting, replacing or rejecting a stored preparation?","id":"integrity-and-retest-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"sensory-and-neuronal-activity","name":"Sensory and neuronal activity","description":"Link hydroxy-alpha-sanshool exposure to experimentally supported sensory and cellular responses.","layers":[{"id":"sensory-response","name":"Sensory response","description":"Represent tingling-related effects with exposure conditions and endpoint definitions.","findings":[{"id":"exposure-response-link","name":"Exposure-response link","description":"Research connects hydroxy-alpha-sanshool with sensory-neuron activity relevant to tingling, but individual experiments do not establish universal human thresholds. [Primary study](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20335471/)","questions":[{"text":"Which species, tissue, exposure route, concentration and response endpoint support the reported sensory effect?","id":"exposure-response-link-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How were responses attributable to purified hydroxy-alpha-sanshool separated from solvent and other pepper constituents?","id":"exposure-response-link-q02","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"channel-mechanisms","name":"Channel mechanisms","description":"Keep molecular target evidence specific to the experimental system.","findings":[{"id":"potassium-channel-evidence","name":"Potassium-channel evidence","description":"Primary research reports inhibition of KCNK3, KCNK9 and KCNK18; this supports a mechanism to evaluate rather than a complete explanation of every sensory response. [Primary channel study](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3072296/)","questions":[{"text":"Which channel subtype, expression system and concentration-response measurements support each inhibition claim?","id":"potassium-channel-evidence-q01","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"What evidence connects those channel effects to the observed sensory response, and which competing mechanisms remain unresolved?","id":"potassium-channel-evidence-q02","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"handling-and-use-eligibility","name":"Handling and use eligibility","description":"Determine what the evidence permits an agent to conclude about handling and intended application.","layers":[{"id":"exposure-and-hazard","name":"Exposure and hazard","description":"Resolve hazards for the actual concentration, physical form and exposure route.","findings":[{"id":"substance-specific-hazard-record","name":"Substance-specific hazard record","description":"Hazard classifications and exposure limits must be verified for this substance or explicitly identified as unavailable.","questions":[{"text":"Which current safety data and primary toxicological evidence apply to the verified hydroxy-alpha-sanshool identity and sample form?","id":"substance-specific-hazard-record-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What handling controls follow from documented hazards, concentration and route of exposure?","id":"substance-specific-hazard-record-q02","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"application-boundaries","name":"Application boundaries","description":"Separate evidence for analytical, research and food-related uses.","findings":[{"id":"use-specific-release","name":"Use-specific release","description":"Suitability is an evidence-backed decision for a particular application and jurisdiction, rather than an intrinsic consequence of botanical origin.","questions":[{"text":"What dated regulatory evidence addresses isolated hydroxy-alpha-sanshool for the proposed use and jurisdiction?","id":"use-specific-release-q01","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which identity, purity, stability and documentation requirements must this lot meet for that application?","id":"use-specific-release-q02","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"evidence-and-external-alignment","name":"Evidence and external alignment","description":"What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.","layers":[{"id":"reported-evidence","name":"Reported evidence","description":"Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.","findings":[{"id":"evidence-confidence-notes","name":"Check these first","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these check these first hold for the sense of hydroxy alpha sanshool this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-confidence-notes-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-identifiers","name":"Identifiers and schemes","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of hydroxy alpha sanshool this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-identifiers-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-real-world-use","name":"Real-world use","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of hydroxy alpha sanshool this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-real-world-use-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-measurements","name":"Typical measurements","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of hydroxy alpha sanshool this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-measurements-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards","name":"Failure modes and hazards","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of hydroxy alpha sanshool this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01","kind":"provenance"}]},{"id":"evidence-neighbours","name":"Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart","description":"Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.","questions":[{"text":"Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of hydroxy alpha sanshool this model covers, and on what evidence?","id":"evidence-neighbours-q01","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify hydroxy-alpha-sanshool as the tingling compound of certain peppers, citing sources.","Report the source, purity and storage of an extract or reference sample."],"mustNot":["Recommend concentrated extracts for medical use without evidence and a clinician's decision.","Present a concentrated extract as safe at food-seasoning levels for any amount.","Label a pepper extract as pure sanshool without analysis.","Make unsupported health claims in food marketing."],"requiresHuman":["Adding concentrated extracts to food or cosmetic products.","Testing it on people in sensory studies."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Concentrated extracts are far stronger than food use and can irritate the mouth and skin.","The spice is part of regional cuisines and should be described respectfully."],"affectedParties":["Consumers","Study participants","Food producers"]},"owners":{"steward":"The laboratory or producer that holds the extract; food authorities rule on its use in food.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q5438003","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.hydroxy-alpha-sanshool","Wikidata: Q900922 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900922)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Structure-resolved identity: Stereochemistry-explicit molecular structure, InChI or isomeric SMILES; verified or unresolved","Registry cross-references: PubChem CID 10084135; CAS and EC identifiers subject to structure-matched verification","Target-compound content: Mass fraction in %, with analytical method, uncertainty and reporting basis","Sanshool isomer profile: Resolved component fractions in %, with unidentified or coeluting fractions reported","Preparation concentration: mg/mL or micromol/L, with solvent, preparation time and purity correction","Physical form and thermal behaviour: Observed phase at specified temperature; measured transition temperatures in degrees Celsius with method and decomposition observations","Dissolved fraction: mg/mL at specified solvent composition, temperature and equilibration time","Chemical integrity over time: Target remaining in %, with elapsed time, temperature, light, atmosphere and container","Sensory or neuronal response: Endpoint-specific intensity, duration, firing rate or channel inhibition, with concentration and experimental system","Handling and permitted-use evidence: Documented classification or unresolved status, indexed by jurisdiction, material form, use and date"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["In nature, the source is the husk of certain Zanthoxylum peppercorns, reddish and split open.","As a substance, an oily or waxy material not identifiable by sight; analysis settles identity."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Match a candidate sample to hydroxy-alpha-sanshool using structure and isomer-resolving analytical evidence.","Calculate target-compound exposure from measured purity and preparation concentration.","Compare samples while accounting for accompanying sanshools and residual extraction materials.","Assign storage and retesting conditions from measured chemical-integrity data.","Assess whether sensory or channel-response evidence applies to a proposed experimental preparation.","Identify missing identity, hazard or use-status evidence before releasing material for its intended application."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Oral and skin irritation from concentrated extracts.","Degradation on exposure to air and light, giving weak or altered products."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), United Nations."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Hydroxy-alpha-sanshool occurs in Zanthoxylum peppers used as culinary spices and contributes to their characteristic oral tingling.","It is studied in food chemistry, sensory science and research on the biological mechanisms of touch and tingling.","Analytical laboratories examine it in pepper extracts and reference samples to assess identity, composition and stability."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q900922: hydroxy alpha sanshool","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900922","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Hydroxy-α-sanshool","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxy-%CE%B1-sanshool","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Which CAS and EC identifiers unambiguously match the complete hydroxy-alpha-sanshool structure, and which commonly used names are ambiguous?","What reliable measurements establish melting behaviour, boiling or decomposition behaviour, and solvent-specific solubility for material of stated purity?","Which storage conditions preserve hydroxy-alpha-sanshool, and what evidence distinguishes isomerisation from other losses of target compound?","How do preparation composition and experimental system affect sensory thresholds and the relative contribution of proposed ion-channel mechanisms?","What current substance-specific GHS classifications, exposure limits and isolated-ingredient use permissions are supported in the relevant jurisdictions?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q900922/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q900922/spec.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T10:22:15Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:33+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}