{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.swedish","code":"thing-q9027","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9027/","name":"Swedish","alternateNames":["Swedish language in the United States","Swedish language in Sweden","Gammalsvenska","Göteborgska","Halländska","Högsvenska","Svealand Swedish","South Swedish","Västgötska","Eastern Swedish","Gotlandic","Gutnish"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A North Germanic language of the East Scandinavian branch spoken by about ten million people, the national language of Sweden and one of the official languages of Finland, with a standard variety and regional dialects such as Gotebergska and Hallandska, historical forms such as Old Swedish, and diaspora varieties; Swedish is mutually intelligible to a degree with Norwegian and Danish and is regulated by language councils.","purpose":"Let an agent describe the Swedish language, its varieties and status, support learning and translation, and provide linguistic and historical information with sources.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["East Scandinavian","Pitch accent","Standardised","Official in Sweden and Finland"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Learning Swedish.","layers":[{"id":"start","name":"Start","description":"Getting started.","findings":[{"id":"start-finding","name":"Start","description":"Getting started.","questions":[{"text":"How can someone start learning Swedish, and which resources and courses exist?","kind":"action"},{"text":"What are its main grammatical features?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"pronounce","name":"Pronounce","description":"Pronunciation.","findings":[{"id":"pronounce-finding","name":"Pronounce","description":"Pronunciation.","questions":[{"text":"How do Swedish vowels, pitch accent and the sj-sound work?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How does Finland Swedish differ?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Translation and usage.","layers":[{"id":"translate","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","findings":[{"id":"translate-finding","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","questions":[{"text":"How should this text be translated into or from Swedish, with attention to register and idiom?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which dictionaries are authoritative?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"varieties","name":"Varieties","description":"Dialects and varieties.","findings":[{"id":"varieties-finding","name":"Varieties","description":"Varieties.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main dialects of Swedish, such as Gotebergska or Hallandska, and how do they differ?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific variety?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Status and policy.","layers":[{"id":"official","name":"Official","description":"Official status.","findings":[{"id":"official-finding","name":"Official","description":"Status.","questions":[{"text":"What is the legal status of Swedish in Sweden, Finland and the EU?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How are language rights of Swedish speakers in Finland protected?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"council","name":"Council","description":"Language planning.","findings":[{"id":"council-finding","name":"Council","description":"Language planning.","questions":[{"text":"Which bodies regulate and advise on Swedish usage, and what do they recommend?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How are new words handled?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History and relations.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of Swedish.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Swedish develop from Old Norse through Old Swedish to the modern standard?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which texts are landmarks?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"relations","name":"Relations","description":"Nordic intelligibility.","findings":[{"id":"relations-finding","name":"Relations","description":"Relations.","questions":[{"text":"How mutually intelligible are Swedish, Norwegian and Danish, according to research?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is Swedish used abroad?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Translate, write and explain Swedish, noting the standard variety and regional dialects.","Distinguish Swedish from Norwegian and Danish when identifying a text."],"mustNot":["Present machine translation as authoritative for legal or medical texts without human review.","Treat Finland Swedish or regional dialects as incorrect Swedish.","Attribute words or statements to a speaker that they did not say.","Mock speakers for accent or dialect."],"requiresHuman":["Certified translation of official documents."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Minority language status, such as Swedish in Finland, is a matter of rights.","Dialects carry local identity and should not be erased by standardization."],"affectedParties":["Speakers of Swedish","Learners","Swedish-speaking minorities"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody: held in common by its speakers; a language authority publishes standard guidance.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q3090263","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"East Scandinavian","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"Norwegian","type":"related","note":"related language"},{"target":"Danish","type":"related","note":"related language"},{"target":"alphabet","type":"related","note":"Latin-based alphabet"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.swedish","Wikidata: Q9027 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9027)","ISO 639-1: sv language code","ISO 639-3: swe language code"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["North Germanic language","Latin alphabet with a-ring, a-umlaut and o-umlaut","Norwegian and Danish are closely related but distinct","Not physical; spoken and written language using the Latin alphabet with three extra letters."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe the language and its varieties","support learning and translation","explain status and regulation","provide history with sources"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing with Norwegian or Danish","Machine translation errors with idioms","Overgeneralising dialects"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Swedish language law of 2009","Language council recommendations","Finnish language legislation"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["A national and regional language of the Nordic countries.","Standard Swedish","regional dialects","Finland Swedish","historical Swedish","Swedish in diaspora communities"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q9027: Swedish","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9027","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Swedish language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should dialects be separate entries?","How should dictionaries be linked?","How should learning resources be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q9027/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q9027/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T21:32:35Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}