{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.norwegian","code":"thing-q9043","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9043/","name":"Norwegian","alternateNames":["Stavangersk","American Norwegian","Norwegian as a second or foreign language","Arendalsk","Nordmøring","Smoi","Valdris","Kebabnorsk","Brønnøy dialect","strilamål","Høgnorsk","Vestlandsk"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A North Germanic language of the West Scandinavian group spoken by about five million people mainly in Norway, with two official written standards, Bokmal and Nynorsk, no official spoken standard and strong dialect diversity such as the dialects of Stavanger, Arendal and Nordmore, plus heritage varieties such as American Norwegian; Norwegian is mutually intelligible to a large degree with Swedish and Danish, is taught as a second and foreign language, and is regulated by the Language Council of Norway.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the Norwegian language, its two written standards and dialects, support learning and translation, describe its history and regulation, and handle the standards debate neutrally.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Two written standards","Dialect diversity","Mutual intelligibility with neighbours","Pitch accent"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"The language.","layers":[{"id":"structure","name":"Structure","description":"Grammar and sounds.","findings":[{"id":"structure-finding","name":"Structure","description":"Structure.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main features of Norwegian grammar, pitch accent and vocabulary, and how does it relate to Swedish and Danish?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"How mutually intelligible are the Scandinavian languages, according to research?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"standards","name":"Standards","description":"Bokmal and Nynorsk.","findings":[{"id":"standards-finding","name":"Standards","description":"Standards.","questions":[{"text":"How do Bokmal and Nynorsk differ, how are they used, and what is the history of the standards debate, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"dialects","name":"Dialects","description":"Dialects and varieties.","layers":[{"id":"regional","name":"Regional","description":"Regional dialects.","findings":[{"id":"regional-finding","name":"Regional","description":"Regional.","questions":[{"text":"How do dialects such as those of Stavanger, Arendal and Nordmore differ, and why are dialects prominent in Norwegian public life?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific dialect?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"heritage","name":"Heritage","description":"Heritage varieties.","findings":[{"id":"heritage-finding","name":"Heritage","description":"Heritage.","questions":[{"text":"What is American Norwegian, and how are heritage varieties documented?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits heritage languages?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Learning Norwegian.","layers":[{"id":"learning","name":"Learning","description":"Learning.","findings":[{"id":"learning-finding","name":"Learning","description":"Learning.","questions":[{"text":"How can someone learn Norwegian as a second or foreign language, and which resources and tests exist?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific resource?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"translate","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","findings":[{"id":"translate-finding","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","questions":[{"text":"What pitfalls arise in translating Norwegian, including choice of written standard?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which entry fits translation?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History and regulation.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of Norwegian.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Norwegian develop from Old Norse through Danish rule to the creation of the two standards?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"regulation","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","findings":[{"id":"regulation-finding","name":"Regulation","description":"Regulation.","questions":[{"text":"How does the Language Council regulate Norwegian, and what does the Language Act provide?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which misconceptions arise?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Translate Norwegian, stating Bokmal or Nynorsk.","Explain the two written standards and dialects.","Help learners with grammar."],"mustNot":["Treat Nynorsk or dialect speakers as incorrect.","Present machine translation as certified for legal or medical use.","Mix written standards in official documents.","Ignore Sami and other minority languages in Norway when relevant."],"requiresHuman":["Using a translation in a legal, medical or official document."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Written standard choice is tied to regional identity.","Minority language speakers in Norway were historically suppressed."],"affectedParties":["Norwegian speakers","Nynorsk users","Learners"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; the national language council sets standards.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q106085","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q1792570","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"North Germanic","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"West Scandinavian","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"Eliteserien","type":"related","note":"Norwegian football context"},{"target":"orthography","type":"related","note":"the two written norms"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.norwegian","Wikidata: Q9043 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9043)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["North Germanic, West Scandinavian","Bokmal and Nynorsk written standards","Swedish and Danish are related but distinct languages","Not physical; speech and Latin-alphabet text."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain standards and dialects","support learning and translation","describe history and regulation","handle debates neutrally"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Conflating Bokmal and Nynorsk","Politicised presentation of the standards debate","Outdated norms after spelling reforms"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Language Council of Norway norms","Language Act on the status of Bokmal and Nynorsk","Proficiency tests for Norwegian as a second language"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Norwegian language.","Bokmal","Nynorsk","regional dialects such as those of Stavanger and Nordmore","American Norwegian and heritage varieties","Norwegian as a second or foreign language"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q9043: Norwegian","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9043","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Norwegian language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should each written standard be a separate entry?","How should learning resources be linked?","How should dialect documentation be linked?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q9043/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q9043/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T01:35:44Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}