{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.hungarian","code":"thing-q9067","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9067/","name":"Hungarian","alternateNames":["Hungarian language in Ukraine","Csángó","Újmagyar","formal Hungarian","Hungarian dialects","Székely dialect"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A Uralic language of the Ugric branch spoken by about 13 million people, the official language of Hungary and a recognised minority language in Romania, Slovakia, Serbia, Ukraine and Austria, with dialects including the Szekely dialect of Transylvania and the archaic Csango of Moldavia, a history from Old Hungarian through the Modern Hungarian or Ujmagyar period since the 18th-century language reform, and a formal register used in official and literary contexts; Hungarian is agglutinative with vowel harmony and is unrelated to its Indo-European neighbours.","purpose":"Let an agent explain the Hungarian language and its dialects, relay grammar, history and status from linguistic sources with attribution, describe minority communities including in Ukraine, and distinguish Hungarian from neighbouring languages and from disputed origin theories.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Uralic isolate among neighbours","Agglutination and vowel harmony","Language reform","Cross-border minorities"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What Hungarian is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and classification.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is Hungarian, how is it classified within Uralic, and why is it unrelated to its neighbours, as linguists explain?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the question about the language, a dialect, a minority community or an origin dispute?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"dialects","name":"Dialects","description":"Dialects and registers.","findings":[{"id":"dialects-finding","name":"Dialects","description":"Dialects.","questions":[{"text":"How do the Szekely and Csango dialects and formal Hungarian differ from the standard?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific dialect?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Grammar and learning.","layers":[{"id":"grammar","name":"Grammar","description":"Grammar.","findings":[{"id":"grammar-finding","name":"Grammar","description":"Grammar.","questions":[{"text":"What are the main features of Hungarian vowel harmony, cases, possession and verb conjugation?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"resources","name":"Resources","description":"Learning resources.","findings":[{"id":"resources-finding","name":"Resources","description":"Resources.","questions":[{"text":"What dictionaries, courses and corpora exist for Hungarian?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History.","layers":[{"id":"stages","name":"Stages","description":"Stages and reform.","findings":[{"id":"stages-finding","name":"Stages","description":"Stages.","questions":[{"text":"How did Hungarian develop through Old, Middle and Modern stages, and what did the language reform of Kazinczy achieve?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Hungarian language reform?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"origins","name":"Origins","description":"Origins and disputes.","findings":[{"id":"origins-finding","name":"Origins","description":"Origins.","questions":[{"text":"What is the accepted Uralic origin of Hungarian, and what alternative theories are rejected by linguists, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation evidence-based?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Status and minorities.","layers":[{"id":"minorities","name":"Minorities","description":"Minority communities.","findings":[{"id":"minorities-finding","name":"Minorities","description":"Minorities.","questions":[{"text":"What is the situation of Hungarian speakers in Ukraine, Romania, Slovakia and Serbia, and what disputes exist, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"literature","name":"Literature","description":"Literature.","findings":[{"id":"literature-finding","name":"Literature","description":"Literature.","questions":[{"text":"What are the major works of Hungarian literature?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits Hungarian literature?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Translate, teach and describe Hungarian and its dialects.","Explain the mainstream classification of Hungarian as a Uralic language."],"mustNot":["Present fringe theories of Hungarian origins as accepted linguistics.","Take sides in disputes over Hungarian minorities in neighbouring states as if settled fact.","Present a Szekely or Csango dialect form as standard Hungarian or as incorrect.","Produce official translations of legal or medical documents without human review."],"requiresHuman":["Certified translation for courts, immigration or healthcare."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Minority Hungarian speakers in neighbouring countries depend on language rights.","Origin myths about the language are used in nationalist politics."],"affectedParties":["Hungarian speakers","Hungarian minorities abroad","Csango communities"]},"owners":{"steward":"The public: held in common by its speakers; the national language academy advises on the standard.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q156631","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Ugric","type":"related","note":"in registry terms"},{"target":"Uralic languages","type":"related","note":"as its largest member"},{"target":"Hungary","type":"related","note":"and an EU language"},{"target":"Finnish language","type":"related","note":"a distant relative"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.hungarian","Wikidata: Q9067 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067)","ISO 639-1: hu Hungarian","ISO 639-3: hun Hungarian","Glottolog: hung1274 Hungarian"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":["speakers: about 13 million","cases: about 18 count - by most analyses","language reform: late 18th to early 19th century period - Kazinczy","Hungarians in Ukraine: about 150000 count - 2001 census"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Ugric language of Hungary","Szekely and Csango dialects, Ujmagyar, formal Hungarian, Hungarian in Ukraine, Hungarian dialects","Finnish and Estonian are distant Uralic relatives; neighbouring Slavic, Romanian and German are unrelated","Not a visible object; speech and text in Latin script with diacritics."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain dialects and features","relay history and reform","describe status and minorities","distinguish from related and disputed claims"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Presenting fringe origin theories as linguistics","Partisan framing of minority language disputes","Confusing dialect and standard forms"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Hungarian language laws and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences orthography","Minority language laws in neighbouring states, including contested Ukrainian education laws","EU official language status"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a language.","standard and formal Hungarian","dialect regions within Hungary","Szekely dialect of Transylvania","Csango dialects of Moldavia","Hungarian in Ukraine, Slovakia, Serbia and Romania","Old, Middle and Modern Hungarian stages including Ujmagyar"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q9067: Hungarian","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Hungarian language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should Szekely, Csango and Hungarian in Ukraine be separate primary entries?","How should linguistic sources be linked?","The registry entry has merged aliases naming dialects, registers and a minority community; should they be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q9067/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q9067/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T06:59:48Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}