{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.greek","code":"thing-q9129","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q9129/","name":"Greek","alternateNames":["Modern Greek","Greek language in Turkey","Greek language in the United Kingdom","Greeklish","Cargese Greek","Italiot Greek","Cypriot Greek","Varieties of Modern Greek","Demotic Greek","Katharevousa","Cretan Greek","Sarakatsanika"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.2","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"INF","domain":["INF.MED"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"An Indo-European language of the Hellenic branch spoken by about thirteen million people, the official language of Greece and Cyprus, with a documented history of over three thousand years from Mycenaean and Ancient Greek through Koine and Byzantine Greek to Modern Greek, written in the Greek alphabet and with dialects and diaspora varieties such as Italiot Greek, Cargese Greek and Greek in Turkey, and informal Latin-script writing known as Greeklish.","purpose":"Let an agent describe the Greek language and its history and varieties, support learning and translation, explain status and regulation, and provide sourced information on dialects and diaspora.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Long documented history","Own alphabet","Official in Greece and Cyprus","Diaspora varieties"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"learn","name":"Learn","description":"Learning Greek.","layers":[{"id":"start","name":"Start","description":"Getting started.","findings":[{"id":"start-finding","name":"Start","description":"Getting started.","questions":[{"text":"How can someone start learning Modern Greek, and which resources exist?","kind":"action"},{"text":"What are its main grammatical features?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"script","name":"Script","description":"Alphabet and Greeklish.","findings":[{"id":"script-finding","name":"Script","description":"Script.","questions":[{"text":"How is the Greek alphabet used and pronounced today, and what is Greeklish?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which transliteration standards apply?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"use","name":"Use","description":"Translation and varieties.","layers":[{"id":"translate","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","findings":[{"id":"translate-finding","name":"Translate","description":"Translation.","questions":[{"text":"How should this text be translated into or from Greek, with attention to register and to Ancient versus Modern forms?","kind":"action"},{"text":"Which dictionaries are authoritative?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"varieties","name":"Varieties","description":"Dialects and diaspora.","findings":[{"id":"varieties-finding","name":"Varieties","description":"Varieties.","questions":[{"text":"What are Cypriot, Pontic, Italiot, Cargese and other Greek varieties, and where are they spoken?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific variety?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"status","name":"Status","description":"Status and policy.","layers":[{"id":"official","name":"Official","description":"Official status.","findings":[{"id":"official-finding","name":"Official","description":"Status.","questions":[{"text":"What is the legal status of Greek in Greece, Cyprus, the EU and countries with Greek minorities?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How is the language regulated and taught?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"question","name":"Question","description":"The language question.","findings":[{"id":"question-finding","name":"Question","description":"Language question.","questions":[{"text":"What was the Greek language question between demotic and katharevousa, and how was it resolved?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Are positions attributed neutrally?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History and literature.","layers":[{"id":"history","name":"History","description":"History of Greek.","findings":[{"id":"history-finding","name":"History","description":"History.","questions":[{"text":"How did Greek develop from Mycenaean through Ancient, Koine and Byzantine Greek to Modern Greek?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which texts are landmarks?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"literature","name":"Literature","description":"Literature.","findings":[{"id":"literature-finding","name":"Literature","description":"Literature.","questions":[{"text":"What are the major works of Greek literature across periods?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific work?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Translate to and from Greek and state whether Modern or Ancient Greek is meant.","Describe the language, its history and dialects from linguistic sources."],"mustNot":["Treat Ancient and Modern Greek as interchangeable in translation.","Deliver unchecked machine translation for legal, medical or official documents.","Mock dialect speakers, such as Cypriot or Pontic Greek speakers.","Transliterate names in a way that misidentifies a person."],"requiresHuman":["Certified or official translation of documents."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Greek carries national and religious identity for its speakers.","Poor translations can cost people access to services and justice."],"affectedParties":["Greek speakers","People relying on translations","Students of the language"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns it; it belongs to its speakers.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q2042538","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Q85380120","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"Hellenic","type":"related","note":"category"},{"target":"Greeks","type":"related","note":"the people"},{"target":"alphabet","type":"related","note":"the Greek alphabet"},{"target":"Bulgarian","type":"related","note":"another language entry"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.greek","Wikidata: Q9129 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9129)","ISO 639-1: el language code","ISO 639-3: ell Modern Greek code"]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Hellenic Indo-European language","Greek alphabet","Ancient and Modern Greek are stages of the same language","Not physical; spoken and written language in the Greek alphabet."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["describe the language and its history","support learning and translation","explain status and standards","describe dialects and diaspora varieties"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Confusing Ancient and Modern Greek","Overgeneralising dialects","Machine translation errors with register"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Greek and Cypriot language policy","EU official language status","Minority language provisions elsewhere"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["The Hellenic language.","Standard Modern Greek","Cypriot Greek","Pontic and Cappadocian Greek","Italiot and other diaspora varieties","historical stages such as Ancient, Koine and Byzantine Greek"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q9129: Greek","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9129","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Greek language","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should Ancient Greek be a separate entry?","How should dictionaries be linked?","How should diaspora varieties be documented?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q9129/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q9129/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T22:51:39Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-06T19:52:02+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass","interaction.properties":"Plane INF: no invented physical properties."},"score":1.0}}