{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.ghost-bike","code":"thing-q937114","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/q937114/","name":"ghost bike","alternateNames":["Bicianimita"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.3","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"thing","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.BLT"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A bicycle painted white and placed at the site where a cyclist was killed or seriously injured, as a roadside memorial and a reminder to drivers; ghost bikes are installed by friends, family or advocacy groups, sometimes with plaques and flowers, and their placement and removal are handled differently by local authorities.","purpose":"Let an agent explain what ghost bikes are and why they are placed, relay local rules on roadside memorials and the practice of installation and removal, present road safety context with attribution, and handle the topic with respect for the bereaved.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["White bicycle as memorial","Placed at the crash site","Grassroots installation","Both memorial and safety message"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"practice","name":"Practice","description":"What a ghost bike is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition and origins.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a ghost bike, and where and when did the practice begin?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Is the user bereaved and seeking support, which should be offered first?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"installation","name":"Installation","description":"How they are placed.","findings":[{"id":"installation-finding","name":"Installation","description":"Installation.","questions":[{"text":"Who installs ghost bikes, and how are they made and placed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits a specific city project?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"rules","name":"Rules","description":"Local rules.","layers":[{"id":"policy","name":"Policy","description":"Memorial policies.","findings":[{"id":"policy-finding","name":"Policy","description":"Policy.","questions":[{"text":"What rules do local authorities apply to placement and removal of roadside memorials?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which authority is responsible for the site?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"disputes","name":"Disputes","description":"Removal and disputes.","findings":[{"id":"disputes-finding","name":"Disputes","description":"Disputes.","questions":[{"text":"How are removal disputes handled, and what do advocacy groups recommend?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is the presentation respectful and neutral?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"safety","name":"Safety","description":"Road safety context.","layers":[{"id":"data","name":"Data","description":"Cyclist deaths.","findings":[{"id":"data-finding","name":"Data","description":"Data.","questions":[{"text":"What do road safety statistics say about cyclist deaths, with sources?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"advocacy","name":"Advocacy","description":"Advocacy.","findings":[{"id":"advocacy-finding","name":"Advocacy","description":"Advocacy.","questions":[{"text":"How are ghost bikes used in road safety advocacy, with positions attributed?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits cycling safety?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"meaning","name":"Meaning","description":"Memory and culture.","layers":[{"id":"memorial","name":"Memorial","description":"Memorial culture.","findings":[{"id":"memorial-finding","name":"Memorial","description":"Memorial.","questions":[{"text":"How do ghost bikes relate to other roadside memorial traditions?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits roadside memorials?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"support","name":"Support","description":"Support for the bereaved.","findings":[{"id":"support-finding","name":"Support","description":"Support.","questions":[{"text":"What support exists for families of road victims?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits bereavement support?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Describe a ghost bike and the memorial practice it belongs to.","Record its location and the crash it commemorates when the family or organizers have made this public."],"mustNot":["Remove, move or damage a ghost bike without the authority's decision and notice to the family.","Publish the victim's identity or crash details the family has not made public.","Use a ghost bike in advertising or as a joke.","Assign blame for the crash beyond what investigators or courts have found."],"requiresHuman":["Deciding whether a ghost bike stays or is removed.","Contacting the victim's family."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["A ghost bike marks a death or grave injury; handling it carelessly causes fresh grief.","It is also a public statement about road safety, which some find uncomfortable."],"affectedParties":["The family and friends of the cyclist","Cyclists who see it as a warning","Drivers involved"]},"owners":{"steward":"The family or group that placed it; the highway authority manages the land it stands on.","roles":[],"masterSystems":[]},"relations":[{"target":"Q1532787","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"roadside memorial","type":"related","note":"the category"},{"target":"road traffic death","type":"related","note":"the event"},{"target":"cycling advocacy group","type":"related","note":"often the installer"},{"target":"local authority","type":"related","note":"rules on street furniture"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.ghost-bike","Wikidata: Q937114 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937114)"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["Memorial mass:  kg - Measured by weighing the bicycle and any included attachments, with the measurement scope recorded.","Overall length:  m - Measured between the foremost and rearmost points of the installed memorial.","Overall height:  m - Measured vertically from the supporting surface to the highest part of the memorial."]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["White-painted bicycle at a crash site","Plaque naming the person and date","Ordinary abandoned bicycles and other roadside memorials are distinct","A bicycle painted entirely white, locked to a post or railing at the roadside, often with a plaque or flowers."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain the practice and its origins","relay local rules on roadside memorials","relay road safety context with sources","route bereaved people to support services"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Removal disputes with authorities","Distress to families from mishandling","Obstruction of footways in rare cases"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Local rules on roadside memorials and street furniture","Highway authority removal policies","Road safety law as context"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Memorialising a killed cyclist and prompting road safety.","ghost bikes for killed cyclists","memorials for injured cyclists","temporary and permanent installations","ghost bike projects in specific cities","related memorials for pedestrians"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Wikidata item Q937114: ghost bike","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937114","note":"identity and sense of the item"},{"title":"Wikipedia: Ghost bike","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_bike","note":"general description of the item"}],"openQuestions":["Should roadside memorials be a separate entry?","How should local policies be linked?","The registry entry has merged an alias for a Chilean variant; should it be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-q937114/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-q937114/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-12T20:28:17Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T10:10:33+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: Wikidata description; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}