{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.salamander","code":"thing-salamander","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/salamander/","name":"salamander","alternateNames":["spotted salamander","fire salamander","Salamandra maculosa","alpine salamander","Salamandra atra","ambystomid","ambystomid salamander","mole salamander","Ambystoma talpoideum","Ambystoma maculatum","tiger salamander","Ambystoma tigrinum"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.4","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"noun.animal","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.LIV"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":["animal"],"facets":{"substance":"living","origin":"natural","agency":"autonomous","mobility":"self-moving","scale":"not-applicable","affordances":["observable"]}},"whatItIs":"In the WordNet sense, any of various typically terrestrial amphibians of the order Caudata that resemble lizards but have moist skin and return to water mainly to breed, including the spotted salamander Ambystoma maculatum, the fire salamander Salamandra salamandra, formerly Salamandra maculosa, the alpine salamander Salamandra atra and other ambystomid mole salamanders; many secrete skin toxins, so hands should be washed after contact, and populations are threatened by habitat loss and the fungal disease Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, identified in 2013, which has prompted biosecurity rules on trade.","purpose":"Let an agent explain salamanders, relay biology, diversity, toxins, conservation and disease from herpetology and wildlife sources, describe the named species, advise on handling and biosecurity, and distinguish salamanders from lizards, newts as a subgroup, axolotls and the mythical fire-dwelling salamander.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Moist skin","Tail retained","Skin toxins","Regenerative ability"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"understand","name":"Understand","description":"What a salamander is.","layers":[{"id":"definition","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","findings":[{"id":"definition-finding","name":"Definition","description":"Definition.","questions":[{"text":"What is a salamander, and how does it differ from lizards, newts, axolotls and the mythical salamander?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Has a pet or child mouthed a salamander, or is there a sick amphibian die-off, in which case contact a vet, poison centre or wildlife authority?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"species","name":"Species","description":"Named species.","findings":[{"id":"species-finding","name":"Species","description":"Species.","questions":[{"text":"What are spotted, fire and alpine salamanders and ambystomids?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Which entry fits the specific species?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"biology","name":"Biology","description":"Biology.","layers":[{"id":"lifecycle","name":"Life cycle","description":"Life cycle.","findings":[{"id":"lifecycle-finding","name":"Life cycle","description":"Life cycle.","questions":[{"text":"How do salamanders breed, and why do some give birth to live young?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which references are standard?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"regeneration","name":"Regeneration","description":"Regeneration.","findings":[{"id":"regeneration-finding","name":"Regeneration","description":"Regeneration.","questions":[{"text":"How can salamanders regenerate limbs, as research describes?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which sources are cited?","kind":"provenance"}]}]}]},{"id":"conservation","name":"Conservation","description":"Conservation.","layers":[{"id":"bsal","name":"Bsal","description":"Chytrid disease.","findings":[{"id":"bsal-finding","name":"Bsal","description":"Bsal.","questions":[{"text":"What is Bsal, and how do trade rules aim to stop it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits chytridiomycosis?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"habitat","name":"Habitat","description":"Habitat protection.","findings":[{"id":"habitat-finding","name":"Habitat","description":"Habitat.","questions":[{"text":"How do roads and habitat loss affect salamanders, and what are amphibian crossings?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits amphibian decline?","kind":"action"}]}]}]},{"id":"context","name":"Context","description":"Culture.","layers":[{"id":"myth","name":"Myth","description":"Mythical salamander.","findings":[{"id":"myth-finding","name":"Myth","description":"Myth.","questions":[{"text":"Why were salamanders associated with fire in folklore and alchemy?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits salamander (legendary creature)?","kind":"action"}]}]},{"id":"handling","name":"Handling","description":"Safe handling.","findings":[{"id":"handling-finding","name":"Handling","description":"Handling.","questions":[{"text":"What do wildlife agencies advise about handling amphibians?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Which entry fits amphibian biosecurity?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Identify salamanders from photographs, noting uncertainty.","Explain their biology and conservation status from species databases."],"mustNot":["Collect or trade protected salamanders.","Handle salamanders in ways that expose people to skin toxins or the animals to infection.","Move salamanders between sites in ways that spread chytrid fungi.","Release captive salamanders into the wild."],"requiresHuman":["Any capture or relocation for research or rescue."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Amphibians face extinction from disease, and trade spreads it."],"affectedParties":["Wild salamander populations","Keepers and handlers"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns wild salamanders: they are wild and protected by law in many places.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Species and red list databases"]},"relations":[{"target":"oewn-01630065-n","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"amphibian","type":"related","note":"in WordNet terms"},{"target":"fire salamander","type":"related"},{"target":"Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans","type":"related"},{"target":"lizard","type":"related"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.salamander","Open English WordNet: oewn-01631917-n","WordNet: oewn-01630065-n hypernym of salamander"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["order: Caudata or Urodela taxon","Bsal identified: 2013 year - Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans","fire salamander toxin: samandarin note"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Tailed amphibian of the order Caudata","Spotted salamander, fire salamander, Salamandra maculosa, alpine salamander, Salamandra atra, ambystomid","Lizards are reptiles with dry scales; newts are aquatic salamanders; axolotls stay larval; the mythical salamander lives in fire","Slender, tailed amphibians with moist skin, often boldly patterned in black and yellow or spots."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["explain biology and diversity","relay toxins and conservation","describe named species","advise on handling and biosecurity"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Skin toxin exposure","Spreading chytrid fungi through trade or handling","Collecting protected species"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["US and EU restrictions on salamander trade to prevent Bsal","Habitats Directive and national wildlife laws"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Not applicable; a group of amphibians.","true salamanders Salamandridae","mole salamanders Ambystomatidae","lungless salamanders","giant salamanders","newts"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-01631917-n","url":"https://en-word.net/id/oewn-01631917-n","note":"sense and gloss of the concept"},{"title":"Wiktionary: salamander","url":"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/salamander","note":"word senses and usage"}],"openQuestions":["Should the named species be linked separately?","How should herpetology sources be linked?","Should the mythical salamander be disambiguated?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-salamander/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-salamander/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-13T22:05:38Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:35+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: WordNet gloss; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}