{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.tr.spectrum","code":"thing-spectrum","url":"https://ver.cy/models/thing/spectrum/","name":"spectrum","alternateNames":["absorption spectrum","action spectrum","atomic spectrum","electromagnetic spectrum","emission spectrum","infrared spectrum","line spectrum","mass spectrum","microwave spectrum","radio spectrum","radio-frequency spectrum","sound spectrum"],"kind":"thing","status":"published","version":"0.2.0-wave.1","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"Thing Registry","category":"Physical world and living systems","entryKind":"noun.phenomenon","plane":"PHY","domain":["PHY.FLW"],"industry":[],"navPath":"","tags":[],"facets":{"substance":"energy","origin":"natural","agency":"inert","mobility":"not-applicable","scale":"not-applicable","affordances":["observable"]}},"whatItIs":"An ordered array of the components of an emission or wave, arranged by wavelength, frequency or energy, such as the electromagnetic, absorption, emission or infrared spectrum.","purpose":"Let an agent handle spectra by type, range, units and measurement, and use them correctly in science and communications.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["Ordered by wavelength, frequency or energy","Emission and absorption spectra","The radio spectrum is a regulated resource","Spectrum in the sense of range of opinions is a metaphor"],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"type","name":"Type","description":"Which spectrum.","layers":[{"id":"kind","name":"Kind","description":"Emission, absorption.","findings":[{"id":"kind-finding","name":"Kind","description":"Spectrum type.","questions":[{"text":"What type of spectrum is it?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"Of what source?","kind":"definition"}]}]},{"id":"range","name":"Range","description":"Wavelengths.","findings":[{"id":"range-finding","name":"Range","description":"Spectral range.","questions":[{"text":"Over what range is it measured?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"In which units?","kind":"definition"}]}]}]},{"id":"measurement","name":"Measurement","description":"Spectroscopy.","layers":[{"id":"instrument","name":"Instrument","description":"Spectrometer.","findings":[{"id":"instrument-finding","name":"Instrument","description":"Instrument.","questions":[{"text":"Which instrument measured it?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"What is its resolution?","kind":"measurement"}]}]},{"id":"calibration","name":"Calibration","description":"Wavelength and intensity.","findings":[{"id":"calibration-finding","name":"Calibration","description":"Calibration.","questions":[{"text":"How was it calibrated?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"How accurate is it?","kind":"measurement"}]}]}]},{"id":"interpretation","name":"Interpretation","description":"What it shows.","layers":[{"id":"lines","name":"Lines","description":"Identification.","findings":[{"id":"lines-finding","name":"Lines","description":"Line identification.","questions":[{"text":"Which substances do the lines indicate?","kind":"definition"},{"text":"From which reference database?","kind":"provenance"}]}]},{"id":"uncertainty","name":"Uncertainty","description":"Confidence.","findings":[{"id":"uncertainty-finding","name":"Uncertainty","description":"Confidence.","questions":[{"text":"How confident is the identification?","kind":"measurement"},{"text":"Could lines overlap?","kind":"boundary"}]}]}]},{"id":"radio","name":"Radio spectrum","description":"Allocation.","layers":[{"id":"allocation","name":"Allocation","description":"Bands and services.","findings":[{"id":"allocation-finding","name":"Allocation","description":"Allocation.","questions":[{"text":"Which service is allocated this band?","kind":"provenance"},{"text":"Is a licence needed?","kind":"boundary"}]}]},{"id":"interference","name":"Interference","description":"Harmful interference.","findings":[{"id":"interference-finding","name":"Interference","description":"Interference.","questions":[{"text":"Could this use cause interference?","kind":"boundary"},{"text":"How is it reported?","kind":"action"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Measure, analyse and report spectra with their instrument, range and units.","Explain the parts of the electromagnetic and other spectra."],"mustNot":["Transmit in parts of the radio spectrum without a licence or outside allowed limits.","Misidentify a substance from its spectrum where safety depends on it.","Expose people to harmful radiation such as ultraviolet or ionising radiation."],"requiresHuman":["Allocating or using licensed spectrum.","Relying on spectral identification for a safety or legal decision."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Radio spectrum is a shared, scarce resource that emergency services depend on.","Some bands of radiation harm people's eyes, skin and cells."],"affectedParties":["Users of radio services","People exposed to radiation"]},"owners":{"steward":"Nobody owns the concept; national regulators allocate the radio spectrum.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["National frequency allocation tables"]},"relations":[{"target":"oewn-07955622-n","type":"parent","note":"registry parent class"},{"target":"measurement","type":"related","note":"spectroscopy"},{"target":"frequency and color","type":"related","note":"quantities"},{"target":"optical phenomenon","type":"related","note":"light"},{"target":"ITU","type":"related","note":"radio"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Vercy registry: vr.tr.spectrum","Open English WordNet: oewn-11440945-n","ITU frequency band: band designations radio spectrum"]},"properties":{"applicability":"required","items":["visible range: 380-750 nm","radio spectrum: about 3 kHz to 3 THz Hz - ITU definition"]},"recognition":{"applicability":"required","items":["Plots of intensity against wavelength or frequency","Emission and absorption lines","Radio spectrum allocation charts","Rainbow bands, graphs of intensity versus wavelength."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["measure it with spectrometers","identify substances from lines","allocate radio spectrum","plot and analyse it"]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Misidentifying spectral lines","Unlicensed transmission","Unit confusion between wavelength and frequency"]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["ITU Radio Regulations","National spectrum regulators"]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Analysing composition, light sources and signals, and allocating radio frequencies.","electromagnetic spectrum","emission and absorption spectra","atomic and molecular spectra","action spectra","radio spectrum"]}},"sources":[{"title":"Open English WordNet 2024, synset oewn-11440945-n","url":"https://en-word.net/id/oewn-11440945-n","note":"sense and gloss of the concept"},{"title":"Wiktionary: spectrum","url":"https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/spectrum","note":"word senses and usage"}],"openQuestions":["Should spectrum types be separate entries?","How should spectral databases be linked?","How should the metaphorical sense be split off?"],"resources":{"spec":"/models/things/publications/thing-spectrum/spec.json"},"provenance":{"origin":"thing registry research (pass 2)","builtFrom":["models/things/publications/thing-spectrum/spec.json"],"providers":["Claude"],"researchStatus":"unreviewed","generatedAt":"2026-09-11T06:44:35Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"filled","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_gate":"Published through the thing publication gate 1.0 on 2026-10-07T12:16:35+00:00: completeness 1.00; sense: WordNet gloss; 2 live sources; review by codex: pass"},"score":1.0}}