{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.wm-pol-027","code":"wm-pol-027-property-right-tenure","url":"https://ver.cy/models/wm-pol-027-property-right-tenure/","name":"Property Right / Tenure","alternateNames":[],"kind":"world-model","status":"published","version":"0.1.0","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"World Models","category":"Society, people and institutions","entryKind":"relationship","plane":"","domain":["SOC.POL.PRP"],"industry":["Cross-industry"],"navPath":"NAV.SOC.POL.PRP","tags":["property","right","tenure","soc.pol.prp"],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A property right or tenure is a legal or customary interest that a person or group holds in land, a building or another asset, such as ownership, lease, easement, mortgage or customary use. It is the interest, with its holder, object, scope and duration, distinct from the physical parcel or asset it applies to.","purpose":"Represent an evidenced or asserted tenure interest linking parties to a separately mastered resource, with qualified scope, status and legal or customary basis.","scope":{"in":["Interest identity, classification, holder or claimant roles and resource references","Legal or customary basis, spatial and temporal scope, registration evidence and competing assertions","Restrictions, responsibilities, change evidence, dispute references and controlled projections"],"out":["Parcel geometry, asset, person, community, contract, instrument, loan and court-case master lifecycles","Determining title, legal priority or boundary disputes; conveyancing, register mutation, enforcement, eviction or expropriation execution","Universal registration rules, valuation and taxation engines, general intellectual-property or movable-asset coverage"],"boundaries":[{"neighbor":"WM-PLC-002 Land Parcel","distinction":"Registry parent is a candidate navigation relationship, not semantic inheritance. The interest references one or more resource extents; it neither is a parcel nor owns survey and parcel lifecycle."},{"neighbor":"Party and community masters","distinction":"Store role, share semantics and mandate references, not party or community identity administration. A claimant, custodian and legal holder are distinct roles."},{"neighbor":"Contracts, instruments and register entries","distinction":"Reference instruments and entries as evidence. One document may support several interests, and one interest may have several sources; entry identity is not automatically right identity."},{"neighbor":"Dispute case, decision and enforcement","distinction":"Carry scoped case and outcome references only. Adjudication and enforcement remain outside this model; contested status does not settle a claim."}]},"distinguishingFeatures":["It is a legal interest, not the physical parcel or building it applies to.","Several rights of different holders can coexist on the same object with set priorities.","Customary and informal tenure counts even where it is not registered.","Distinct from a contract in general, though leases and mortgages arise from contracts."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"POL027-B1","name":"Right and holder","description":"What interest exists and who holds it.","layers":[{"id":"POL027-B1-L1","name":"Right definition","description":"Type, scope and source of the interest.","findings":[{"id":"POL027-F01","name":"Right type and source","description":"The kind of right and the legal or customary basis for it.","questions":[{"text":"Which type of right is this: ownership, lease, easement, mortgage, use right or customary tenure?","id":"POL027-Q01"},{"text":"On which deed, registration, statute or custom does the right rest?","id":"POL027-Q02"}]},{"id":"POL027-F02","name":"Holders and shares","description":"The persons or groups holding the right and their shares.","questions":[{"text":"Who holds the right, and in which shares or form of co-ownership?","id":"POL027-Q03"},{"text":"Is the holder an individual, a group, a community or a legal entity?","id":"POL027-Q04"}]}]}]},{"id":"POL027-B2","name":"Object and scope","description":"What the right applies to and how far it reaches.","layers":[{"id":"POL027-B2-L1","name":"Spatial and temporal scope","description":"The parcel, unit or asset and the duration of the right.","findings":[{"id":"POL027-F03","name":"Object and extent","description":"The parcel or asset the right applies to and its limits.","questions":[{"text":"Which parcel, unit or asset does the right apply to, and does it cover all or part of it?","id":"POL027-Q05"},{"text":"For what period does the right run, and can it be renewed?","id":"POL027-Q06"}]}]}]},{"id":"POL027-B3","name":"Registration and encumbrance","description":"How the right is recorded and what burdens it.","layers":[{"id":"POL027-B3-L1","name":"Register status","description":"Registration, priority and competing claims.","findings":[{"id":"POL027-F04","name":"Registration","description":"Whether and where the right is registered, and with what priority.","questions":[{"text":"Is the right recorded in the land register or cadastre, and under which reference?","id":"POL027-Q07"},{"text":"Which priority does the right have against other registered rights?","id":"POL027-Q08"}]},{"id":"POL027-F05","name":"Restrictions and disputes","description":"Encumbrances, restrictions and pending disputes.","questions":[{"text":"Which mortgages, easements or public restrictions burden the right?","id":"POL027-Q09"},{"text":"Is the right subject to a pending dispute or claim?","id":"POL027-Q10"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Report registered rights, holders and encumbrances from an official register extract.","Flag inconsistencies between register entries and other records.","Explain the type and effect of a right in general terms."],"mustNot":["Change a register entry or record a transfer without a registrar's decision.","Treat unregistered customary rights as non-existent.","Give legal advice on title in place of a qualified professional.","Disclose personal data of right holders beyond what the register makes public."],"requiresHuman":["Registering, transferring or cancelling a right.","Resolving competing claims or boundary disputes."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Secure tenure underpins housing, livelihoods and investment, especially for vulnerable groups.","Women, indigenous peoples and informal occupants are often missing from records of rights.","Errors in recorded rights can dispossess people or enable fraud."],"affectedParties":["Right holders and occupants","Communities with customary tenure","Creditors and buyers","Land registries and cadastral authorities"]},"owners":{"steward":"The land registry or cadastral authority answers for registered rights; customary authorities may hold unregistered ones.","roles":[{"name":"Tenure-record custodian","responsibilities":["Maintain local identity, revisions and stewardship"]},{"name":"Authorized recorder","responsibilities":["Attribute assertions and evidence without deciding entitlement"]},{"name":"Qualified legal or customary reviewer","responsibilities":["Assess applicable profile, recognition and unresolved effects within evidenced competence"]},{"name":"Access and records officer","responsibilities":["Approve recipient scope, retention holds and disposal"]},{"name":"Holder, claimant or representative","responsibilities":["Provide and challenge evidence within verified role or mandate"]}],"masterSystems":["Land registers","Cadastres","Registers of mortgages and charges"]},"relations":[{"target":"WM-PLC-002","type":"references","note":"Candidate parcel binding, replacing semantic inheritance suggested by the registry parent. Parcel geometry and lifecycle stay external; not every resource requires this particular model."},{"target":"Party and community master","type":"references","note":"Bind holder, claimant and representative identifiers; pin an actual neighbor before integration."},{"target":"Instrument and contract master","type":"references","note":"Reference basis documents, contracts and register extracts without duplicating their lifecycle."},{"target":"Dispute case and decision master","type":"references","note":"Reference scoped outcomes; this model does not adjudicate or enforce."},{"target":"Asset and resource master","type":"references","note":"Resolve building units or other tenure resources through a pinned domain profile."},{"target":"ISO 19152-1:2024","type":"aligned","note":"Conceptual RRR, party, unit and source alignment from public abstract; licensed clauses and mapping pending."},{"target":"INSPIRE Cadastral Parcels 2024-07-31","type":"aligned","note":"Parcel-reference projection only; rights and ownership are not harmonized by this spatial profile."},{"target":"PROV-O 2013-04-30","type":"aligned","note":"Evidence attribution and derivation alignment; no proof of truth or legal authority."},{"target":"WM-PLC-002 Land Parcel","type":"neighbor","note":"Registry parent is a candidate navigation relationship, not semantic inheritance. The interest references one or more resource extents; it neither is a parcel nor owns survey and parcel lifecycle."},{"target":"Party and community masters","type":"neighbor","note":"Store role, share semantics and mandate references, not party or community identity administration. A claimant, custodian and legal holder are distinct roles."},{"target":"Contracts, instruments and register entries","type":"neighbor","note":"Reference instruments and entries as evidence. One document may support several interests, and one interest may have several sources; entry identity is not automatically right identity."},{"target":"Dispute case, decision and enforcement","type":"neighbor","note":"Carry scoped case and outcome references only. Adjudication and enforcement remain outside this model; contested status does not settle a claim."},{"target":"WM-PLC-002","type":"parent"}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["A registered right is identified by the register's title or entry number together with the parcel or unit identifier.","Deeds and registrations carry document numbers and registration dates."]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["A property right names a holder, an object, a type, a scope and a legal or customary basis.","Often confused with the land parcel itself, with physical possession or with a sale contract."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Rights can be created, transferred, divided, encumbered, renewed and extinguished.","Register entries can be searched and certified extracts issued."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Title fraud through forged documents or identity theft.","Dispossession when informal or customary rights go unrecognised.","Disputes from mismatches between register, cadastre and actual occupation."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["ISO 19152 Land Administration Domain Model.","INSPIRE cadastral parcels data specification."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Used in land administration, conveyancing, lending, planning and development programmes.","Governed by national property and registration law and by customary law where recognised."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests","url":"https://www.fao.org/docrep/016/i2801e/i2801e.pdf","note":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations"},{"title":"ISO 19152-1:2024 Geographic information - Land Administration Domain Model - Part 1: Generic conceptual model","url":"https://www.iso.org/standard/81263.html","note":"International Organization for Standardization"},{"title":"INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral Parcels - Technical Guidelines","url":"https://knowledge-base.inspire.ec.europa.eu/document/download/4a23f598-a7a9-4d93-868b-040e7ee91677_en","note":"European Commission Joint Research Centre"},{"title":"Practice guide 19: notices, restrictions and the protection of third-party interests in the register","url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/notices-restrictions-and-protection-of-third-party-interests-pg19/practice-guide-19-notices-restrictions-and-the-protection-of-third-party-interests-in-the-register","note":"HM Land Registry"},{"title":"Practice guide 25: leases - when to register","url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/leases-when-to-register-pg25/practice-guide-25-leases-when-to-register","note":"HM Land Registry"},{"title":"HM Land Registry plans: boundaries (practice guide 40, supplement 3)","url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hm-land-registry-plans-boundaries-pg40s3/land-registry-plans-boundaries-practice-guide-40-supplement-3","note":"HM Land Registry"},{"title":"PROV-O: The PROV Ontology","url":"https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/","note":"World Wide Web Consortium"},{"title":"Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (FAO)"},{"title":"ISO 19152 Geographic information - Land Administration Domain Model (ISO)"}],"openQuestions":["Verify direct source retrieval, displayed versions, licensed clauses and current legal applicability with qualified reviewers for each adopting jurisdiction.","Develop pinned schemas and mappings with fixtures for competing claims, collective holding, partial resources, disputed boundaries, discontinuous terms, corrections and lawful evidence disposal.","Restore independent external review and research specialized resource or other-asset profiles before broader coverage or canonical promotion.","Movable-asset and intellectual-property profiles, detailed fisheries/forestry and subsurface rights require specialist sources.","Licensed LADM clauses, nested schemas, pinned neighbors, executable mappings and adversarial instance fixtures remain incomplete.","Independent provider review and direct HTTP source/version verification remain open.","Current national property, privacy, retention and customary-law applicability requires qualified review."],"resources":{"spec":"/models/wm-pol-027-property-right-tenure/spec.yaml","agents":"/models/wm-pol-027-property-right-tenure/AGENTS.md","source":"https://github.com/ver-cy/world-models/tree/feat/mega-model-registry/research/runs/wm-pol-027"},"provenance":{"origin":"world-models research","builtFrom":["models/wm-pol-027-property-right-tenure/spec.yaml","ver-cy/world-models/card-supplements/wm-pol-027-property-right-tenure.json"],"providers":["Codex"],"researchStatus":"reviewable-draft","generatedAt":"2026-10-06T12:13:40Z","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"interaction.properties":"A property right is a legal interest with no physical properties of its own to measure.","_supplement":"Sections authored in card supplement 1.0.0 by Claude (Opus 5.5) (2026-10-06, unreviewed). Written from the card's existing content and established practice in the field; no new sources were read. Unreviewed."},"score":1.0}}