{"schema":"https://ver.cy/schemas/card/1.0.0","id":"vr.wm-vrt-003","code":"wm-vrt-003-simulation","url":"https://ver.cy/models/wm-vrt-003-simulation/","name":"Simulation","alternateNames":[],"kind":"world-model","status":"todo","version":"unversioned","language":"en","classifiers":{"family":"World Models","category":"Information and virtual systems","entryKind":"standalone-mm","plane":"","domain":["INF.VRT.SIM"],"industry":["Cross-industry"],"navPath":"NAV.INF.VRT.SIM","tags":["simulation","inf.vrt.sim"],"facets":{}},"whatItIs":"A simulation is the execution of a computational model over time to imitate the behaviour of a real or hypothetical system under stated conditions, producing results that are used for analysis, training, design or decisions. The mathematical model itself, a reusable scenario definition and a live digital twin synchronized with a real asset are separate subjects.","purpose":"Runs of a computational model that imitate a system under stated conditions.","scope":{"in":[],"out":[],"boundaries":[]},"distinguishingFeatures":["An execution of a model, so the same model can yield many simulations with different inputs.","Its results are only as credible as its verification, validation and stated uncertainty.","Not synchronized with a live asset, which separates it from a digital twin.","Distinct from a scenario, which is the reusable definition of conditions a simulation may run."],"structure":{"bundles":[{"id":"VRT003-B1","name":"Setup","description":"What was simulated and how.","layers":[{"id":"VRT003-B1-L1","name":"Model and inputs","description":"The model version, parameters and initial conditions.","findings":[{"id":"VRT003-F01","name":"Model version","description":"The model and software version used.","questions":[{"text":"Which model and which software version ran the simulation?","id":"VRT003-Q01"},{"text":"Which assumptions and simplifications does that model make?","id":"VRT003-Q02"}]},{"id":"VRT003-F02","name":"Inputs and scenario","description":"Parameters, initial conditions and the scenario applied.","questions":[{"text":"Which parameters, initial conditions and scenario were used?","id":"VRT003-Q03"},{"text":"Where do the input data come from, and how current are they?","id":"VRT003-Q04"}]}]}]},{"id":"VRT003-B2","name":"Execution","description":"How the run was performed.","layers":[{"id":"VRT003-B2-L1","name":"Run record","description":"Time step, random seeds and computing environment.","findings":[{"id":"VRT003-F03","name":"Reproducibility","description":"Seeds, time step and environment needed to reproduce the run.","questions":[{"text":"Which random seeds, time step and computing environment were used?","id":"VRT003-Q05"},{"text":"Can the run be reproduced with the recorded setup?","id":"VRT003-Q06"}]}]}]},{"id":"VRT003-B3","name":"Credibility","description":"Whether results can be trusted for the intended use.","layers":[{"id":"VRT003-B3-L1","name":"Verification and validation","description":"Evidence that the model is solved correctly and fits reality.","findings":[{"id":"VRT003-F04","name":"Validation evidence","description":"Comparison of results with reference data.","questions":[{"text":"Against which reference data was the model validated, and with what error?","id":"VRT003-Q07"},{"text":"Is the intended use within the validated range?","id":"VRT003-Q08"}]},{"id":"VRT003-F05","name":"Uncertainty","description":"Stated uncertainty and sensitivity of results.","questions":[{"text":"What uncertainty ranges are stated for the results?","id":"VRT003-Q09"},{"text":"Which inputs are the results most sensitive to?","id":"VRT003-Q10"}]}]}]}]},"agentConduct":{"may":["Run simulations with recorded model versions, inputs and seeds.","Report results together with their assumptions and uncertainty.","Compare results across scenarios and flag sensitivity.","Check whether a requested use lies within the validated range."],"mustNot":["Present simulated results as observed measurements.","Use a model outside its validated range for safety decisions without saying so.","Tune inputs to reach a predetermined answer without disclosing it.","Discard runs that contradict a preferred outcome."],"requiresHuman":["Accepting simulation results as the basis for safety, certification or policy decisions.","Approving a model as validated for a given use."]},"ethics":{"considerations":["Simulations inform decisions on safety, public policy and investment, and hidden assumptions can mislead.","Overconfidence in precise-looking results can shift responsibility away from human judgement.","Simulations of people or populations can encode bias from their inputs."],"affectedParties":["People affected by decisions based on results","Engineers and analysts running simulations","Regulators and certifying bodies"]},"owners":{"steward":"The analyst or engineering team that runs the simulation and answers for its setup and reporting.","roles":[],"masterSystems":["Simulation data management system","Model repository","Experiment tracking system"]},"relations":[{"target":"wm-knw-019-mathematical-computational-model","type":"requires","note":"A simulation executes a computational model."},{"target":"wm-vrt-012-simulation-scenario","type":"references","note":"A simulation runs one scenario definition."},{"target":"wm-vrt-001-digital-twin","type":"neighbor","note":"A digital twin is synchronized with a live asset, while a simulation need not be."}],"interaction":{"identity":{"applicability":"required","items":["Identified by a run identifier in the simulation data management or experiment tracking system.","Linked to the model version, scenario and input dataset identifiers it used."]},"properties":{"applicability":"not-applicable","items":[]},"recognition":{"applicability":"optional","items":["Recognized by a model, inputs, a run configuration and results labelled as simulated.","Often confused with the model, with measured data or with a digital twin."]},"capabilities":{"applicability":"required","items":["Can explore conditions that are dangerous, costly or impossible to test in reality.","Can be repeated with varied inputs for sensitivity and uncertainty analysis.","Can train people and systems in virtual conditions."]},"hazards":{"applicability":"required","items":["Wrong decisions from unvalidated models or unstated assumptions.","Results taken out of the validated range.","Irreproducible results when setup is not recorded."]},"interfaces":{"applicability":"required","items":["Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) for model exchange and co-simulation.","IEEE 1516 High Level Architecture for distributed simulation.","ASME V&V standards for verification and validation."]},"context":{"applicability":"required","items":["Used in engineering, climate and earth science, health economics, defence training and planning.","Certification bodies may accept simulation evidence only under validated processes."]}},"sources":[{"title":"Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) standard, Modelica Association"},{"title":"IEEE 1516 Standard for Modeling and Simulation High Level Architecture, IEEE"},{"title":"ASME V&V 10 Standard for Verification and Validation in Computational Solid Mechanics, ASME"}],"openQuestions":["Planned model: boundary questions, research and every section remain to be written."],"resources":{"spec":"https://ver.cy/models/wm-vrt-003-simulation/spec.yaml","agents":"https://ver.cy/models/wm-vrt-003-simulation/AGENTS.md"},"provenance":{"origin":"planned (registry candidate)","builtFrom":["models/runtime-index.json","ver-cy/world-models/card-supplements/wm-vrt-003-simulation.json"],"providers":[],"researchStatus":"todo","generatedAt":"","builder":"tools/build_cards.py@1.0.0"},"completeness":{"sections":{"classifiers":"filled","whatItIs":"filled","purpose":"filled","distinguishingFeatures":"filled","structure":"filled","agentConduct":"filled","ethics":"filled","owners":"filled","relations":"filled","interaction.identity":"filled","interaction.properties":"not-applicable","interaction.recognition":"filled","interaction.capabilities":"filled","interaction.hazards":"filled","interaction.interfaces":"filled","interaction.context":"filled","sources":"filled"},"notes":{"_":"Planned entry, hidden from the catalogue until researched.","interaction.properties":"A simulation is a computational run; the quantities it reports are model outputs, not physical measurements of the simulation.","_supplement":"Sections authored in card supplement 1.0.1 by Claude (Opus 5.5) (2026-10-06, unreviewed). Written from the card's existing content and established practice in the field; no new sources were read. Unreviewed."},"score":1.0}}