{ "model": { "rank": 8267, "code": "thing-amount", "model_id": "vr.tr.amount", "name": "amount", "purpose": "the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/amount/", "tier": 2, "score": 51, "payload": { "layer": "wordnet", "aliases": [ "positivity", "positiveness", "negativity", "negativeness", "critical mass", "quantity", "increase", "increment", "amplification", "gain", "decrease", "decrement", "fare increase", "price increase", "raise", "rise", "wage hike", "hike", "wage increase", "salary increase", "boost", "cost increase", "smallness", "supplement", "supplementation", "tax-increase", "tax boost", "tax hike", "up-tick", "loop gain", "correction", "voltage drop", "drop", "dip", "fall", "free fall", "shrinkage", "insufficiency", "inadequacy", "deficiency" ], "aliasCount": 112, "merged": 51, "knownIn": 0, "facets": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "not-applicable", "scale": "not-applicable", "affordances": [ "observable" ] }, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "noun.attribute", "senseRank": 1, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "oewn:2024", "synset": "oewn-05115065-n", "ili": "i63839", "license": "CC BY 4.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T13:11:03Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-AMOUNT", "registryId": "vr.tr.amount", "name": "amount", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/amount/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.amount", "name": "amount", "purpose": "Let an agent explain amount as a general quantitative attribute, relay how amounts are measured, compared and expressed from reference sources, describe related notions such as sign and threshold quantities, and distinguish amount from number, from specific physical quantities and from monetary sums.", "definition": "The relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion, in the WordNet sense of quantity as a property, covering how much or how many of something there is, with aliases such as positivity and negativity for the sign of a magnitude and critical mass for a threshold quantity; amount is measured with units and numbers and is distinguished from the things being measured and from qualitative attributes.", "what_it_is_for": "Expressing how much or how many.", "affordances": [ "explain the concept", "relay measurement and comparison", "describe related notions", "distinguish related terms" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Relative magnitude", "Measured or counted", "Sign and threshold notions", "General attribute" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; a magnitude.", "visual_identification": [ "Magnitude relative to a criterion", "Quantity, positivity, negativity, critical mass", "Number is the abstract count; physical quantities are specific amounts; a sum is money" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "countable amounts", "measurable amounts with units", "signed amounts as positive or negative", "threshold amounts such as critical mass", "amounts in everyday and technical language" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "magnitude", "why": "in general terms" }, { "relation": "is expressed with", "target": "unit of measurement", "why": "and numbers" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "quality", "why": "a non-quantitative attribute" }, { "relation": "is exemplified by", "target": "critical mass", "why": "as a threshold amount" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "WordNet", "value_or_pattern": "oewn-05097645-n", "note": "the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "SI and metrology conventions for expressing quantities", "No regulation" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Confusing amount with number or with specific quantities", "Mass-count confusion in language", "Registry aliases mixing sign and threshold concepts" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What amount is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is amount as a relative magnitude, and how does it differ from number, physical quantity and sum?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about the general concept, a specific quantity, sign or a threshold?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "related", "name": "Related", "description": "Related notions.", "findings": [ { "id": "related-finding", "name": "Related", "description": "Related.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do positivity, negativity and critical mass mean as amounts?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific notion?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "measure", "name": "Measure", "description": "Measuring and comparing.", "rationale": "Practice.", "layers": [ { "id": "measurement", "name": "Measurement", "description": "Measurement.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurement-finding", "name": "Measurement", "description": "Measurement.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are amounts measured, counted and expressed with units?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "comparison", "name": "Comparison", "description": "Comparison.", "findings": [ { "id": "comparison-finding", "name": "Comparison", "description": "Comparison.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are amounts compared, scaled and aggregated?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "language", "name": "Language", "description": "Language and logic.", "rationale": "Sources.", "layers": [ { "id": "grammar", "name": "Grammar", "description": "Mass and count.", "findings": [ { "id": "grammar-finding", "name": "Grammar", "description": "Grammar.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do languages express amount through mass and count nouns and quantifiers?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits quantifier?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "philosophy", "name": "Philosophy", "description": "Philosophy of quantity.", "findings": [ { "id": "philosophy-finding", "name": "Philosophy", "description": "Philosophy.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do philosophers and measurement theorists conceive quantity?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits measurement theory?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Applications.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "science", "name": "Science", "description": "Science.", "findings": [ { "id": "science-finding", "name": "Science", "description": "Science.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is amount of substance defined as a base quantity, and what is critical mass in physics?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits amount of substance?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "everyday", "name": "Everyday", "description": "Everyday use.", "findings": [ { "id": "everyday-finding", "name": "Everyday", "description": "Everyday.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are amounts used in cooking, commerce and statistics?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific use?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should quantity and critical mass be separate primary entries?", "How should metrology sources be linked?", "How should WordNet attribute senses be represented in the registry?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched.", "facetsInferred": false, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a amount, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: positivity, positiveness, negativity, negativeness, critical mass, quantity, increase, increment, amplification, gain, decrease, decrement.", "51 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a amount, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "positivity", "positiveness", "negativity", "negativeness", "critical mass", "quantity", "increase", "increment", "amplification", "gain", "decrease", "decrement" ] } ], "standing": "51 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one amount from another, and a amount from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a amount sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a amount from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a amount passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a amount between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a amount, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a amount is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What amount is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of amount are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is amount operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of amount and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of amount?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as amount?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a amount came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a amount and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a amount is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a amount, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a amount, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a amount is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }