{ "model": { "rank": 5142, "code": "thing-being", "model_id": "vr.tr.being", "name": "being", "purpose": "the state or fact of existing", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/being/", "tier": 2, "score": 69, "payload": { "layer": "wordnet", "aliases": [ "sale", "cut-rate sale", "sales event", "bazaar", "fair", "book fair", "bookfair", "craft fair", "car boot sale", "boot sale", "clearance sale", "inventory-clearance sale", "closeout", "fire sale", "garage sale", "yard sale", "going-out-of-business sale", "realization", "realisation", "rummage sale", "jumble sale", "selloff", "white sale", "beingness", "existence", "face of the earth", "actuality", "entelechy", "genuineness", "reality", "realness", "realism", "fact", "historicalness", "truth", "the true", "verity", "trueness", "eternity", "timelessness" ], "aliasCount": 103, "merged": 69, "knownIn": 0, "facets": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "not-applicable", "scale": "not-applicable", "affordances": [ "observable" ] }, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "noun.state", "senseRank": 0, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "oewn:2024", "synset": "oewn-13977471-n", "ili": "i110269", "license": "CC BY 4.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T14:57:12Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-BEING", "registryId": "vr.tr.being", "name": "being", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/being/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.being", "name": "being", "purpose": "Let an agent explain being as existence, relay philosophical accounts from ontology and metaphysics sources with attribution, describe the main positions, and distinguish being as existence from a being as an entity, from becoming and from the misfiled commerce aliases.", "definition": "In the WordNet sense, the state or fact of existing, existence, the most general condition of anything that is, discussed in philosophy as the subject of ontology from Parmenides and Aristotle through Aquinas to Heidegger; the registry aliases sale, cut-rate sale, sales event, bazaar, fair and book fair are unrelated commerce terms that appear to have been attached by mistake and are not senses of being.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a philosophical concept.", "affordances": [ "explain the concept", "relay philosophical accounts", "describe positions", "distinguish related senses" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Most general concept", "Subject of ontology", "Distinct from beings", "Misfiled aliases" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; a concept.", "visual_identification": [ "State or fact of existing", "Existence, being as such, ontology", "A being is an entity; becoming is change; sales and fairs are commerce terms misfiled here" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "WordNet hypernym", "typical_range": "state", "unit": "note", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "Parmenides on being", "typical_range": "about 5th century BCE", "unit": "note", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "Heidegger s Being and Time", "typical_range": "1927", "unit": "year", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "being as existence", "being as essence in scholastic thought", "being and becoming", "being in existentialism and phenomenology", "being in Eastern philosophies" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "state", "why": "in WordNet terms" }, { "relation": "is studied by", "target": "ontology", "why": "the branch of metaphysics" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "nothingness", "why": "in philosophy" }, { "relation": "is distinct from", "target": "entity", "why": "a being" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "WordNet", "value_or_pattern": "oewn-00024900-n", "note": "the state or fact of existing" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "No regulation" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Registry aliases attached in error", "Confusing being with beings", "Presenting one philosophy as settled" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What being means.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is being as existence, and how does it differ from a being, becoming and the misfiled commerce aliases?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about philosophy, language or a misfiled alias?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "positions", "name": "Positions", "description": "Positions.", "findings": [ { "id": "positions-finding", "name": "Positions", "description": "Positions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the main positions on being from Parmenides, Aristotle, Aquinas and Heidegger, with positions attributed?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific philosopher?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "philosophy", "name": "Philosophy", "description": "Philosophy.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "ontology", "name": "Ontology", "description": "Ontology.", "findings": [ { "id": "ontology-finding", "name": "Ontology", "description": "Ontology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does ontology study being, categories and existence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "debates", "name": "Debates", "description": "Debates.", "findings": [ { "id": "debates-finding", "name": "Debates", "description": "Debates.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is debated about existence as a predicate and the meaning of being, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "traditions", "name": "Traditions", "description": "Traditions.", "rationale": "Attribution.", "layers": [ { "id": "western", "name": "Western", "description": "Western.", "findings": [ { "id": "western-finding", "name": "Western", "description": "Western.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did scholastic, modern and existentialist thinkers treat being?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits existentialism?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "eastern", "name": "Eastern", "description": "Eastern.", "findings": [ { "id": "eastern-finding", "name": "Eastern", "description": "Eastern.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do Indian and Chinese philosophies treat being and non-being, presented respectfully?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific tradition?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "Language and registry note.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "language", "name": "Language", "description": "Language.", "findings": [ { "id": "language-finding", "name": "Language", "description": "Language.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is being used in ordinary language and as a verb?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the verb be?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "aliases", "name": "Aliases", "description": "Misfiled aliases.", "findings": [ { "id": "aliases-finding", "name": "Aliases", "description": "Aliases.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why are sale, bazaar, fair and book fair not senses of being?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits each?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should the misfiled commerce aliases be removed?", "How should philosophy sources be linked?", "The registry aliases sale, cut-rate sale, sales event, bazaar, fair and book fair are unrelated and should be detached" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched.", "facetsInferred": false, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a being, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "the state or fact of existing", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: sale, cut-rate sale, sales event, bazaar, fair, book fair, bookfair, craft fair, car boot sale, boot sale, clearance sale, inventory-clearance sale.", "69 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a being, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "sale", "cut-rate sale", "sales event", "bazaar", "fair", "book fair", "bookfair", "craft fair", "car boot sale", "boot sale", "clearance sale", "inventory-clearance sale" ] } ], "standing": "69 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one being from another, and a being from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a being sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a being from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a being passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a being between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a being, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a being is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What being is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of being are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is being operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of being and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of being?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as being?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a being came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a being and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a being is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a being, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a being, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a being is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }