{ "model": { "rank": 3624, "code": "thing-book", "model_id": "vr.tr.book", "name": "book", "purpose": "a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/book/", "tier": 2, "score": 83, "payload": { "layer": "wordnet", "aliases": [ "authority", "curiosa", "formulary", "pharmacopeia", "last word", "trade book", "trade edition", "best seller", "bestseller", "bestiary", "catechism", "cookbook", "cookery book", "instruction book", "pop-up book", "pop-up", "storybook", "tome", "booklet", "brochure", "folder", "leaflet", "pamphlet", "blue book", "ticket book", "textbook", "text", "text edition", "schoolbook", "school text", "crammer", "introduction", "primer", "reader", "speller", "workbook", "copybook", "appointment book", "appointment calendar", "catalog" ], "aliasCount": 134, "merged": 83, "knownIn": 0, "facets": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "portable", "scale": "handheld", "affordances": [ "graspable", "readable" ] }, "markers": [ "artifact" ], "lexicalClass": "noun.communication", "senseRank": 0, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "oewn:2024", "synset": "oewn-06422547-n", "ili": "i70180", "license": "CC BY 4.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:43:16Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 28.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c51-8f07-77b0-8783-66f6e0d4d4de\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: book\nSense to describe: a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)\nDomain code: INF.MED\nAlso known as: (non", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 82.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c51-8efa-78f0-99a6-902ea7c7f67a\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: book\nRegistry id: vr.tr.book\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.MED\nRegistry definition: a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pag" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-BOOK", "registryId": "vr.tr.book", "name": "book", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/book/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.book", "name": "book", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a published book, distinguish its work, text, edition and physical copy, assess its completeness and usability, and determine appropriate actions.", "definition": "A book, in this sense, is a written intellectual or artistic work made publicly available in an edition printed on bound pages, distinguished from both that edition and any individual physical copy.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the INF / INF.MED sense of book registered as vr.tr.book: a published written work embodied in printed pages bound together, with explicit distinctions between the work, its linguistic realisation, its published edition or format, and an individual copy.", "in_scope": [ "Identity of the written work and its relationship to translations, revisions and adaptations", "Authorship, translation, editing and other responsibility for the book's content", "Publication, edition, impression, format and bibliographic identifiers", "Organisation and completeness of the printed text and supporting matter", "Binding, pagination, condition and provenance of individual physical copies", "Evidence governing access, lending, reproduction and reuse at the relevant bibliographic level" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Unpublished manuscripts and private notebooks as independently modelled objects", "Ebooks and audiobooks as independently modelled manifestations, while retaining links to corresponding versions", "Serial publications as continuing resources, while recording relationships to separately published books", "Literary genres, criticism and interpretations of a work's meaning", "Publishing businesses, libraries and bookselling operations", "General copyright law and paper conservation procedures" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The registry sense requires evidence of a published written work and a bound printed embodiment; a blank notebook or an unpublished bound manuscript does not satisfy both tests.", "A title alone does not establish identity: authorship, text, language and publication evidence must distinguish unrelated books sharing a title.", "A translation or revision must be distinguishable from a change of binding or printing, because these changes affect different levels of the book's identity.", "Two physical copies can embody the same published edition while differing in missing pages, annotations, ownership history and condition.", "A digital file or spoken recording can relate to the same work without being the bound printed embodiment covered by this registry definition." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Bibliographic level", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "work | expression | manifestation | item | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Prevents attributes of one copy or edition from being assigned to every embodiment of the work." }, { "name": "Title and responsibility evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Transcribed title and credited contributors linked to title-page, colophon or catalogue evidence", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification without treating a cover label or a shared title as decisive." }, { "name": "Language and textual realisation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Language or languages; links to original, translation, revision, abridgement or adaptation", "why_it_matters": "Determines which text a reader will encounter and whether versions can substitute for one another." }, { "name": "Edition and printing designation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Transcribed edition statement and impression designation; absent | disputed | unknown where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish textual changes from repeated manufacture or altered presentation." }, { "name": "Publication evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Publisher or imprint, place and date linked to evidence, with uncertainty recorded", "why_it_matters": "Establishes the publication context and supports edition identification." }, { "name": "Identifiers and their referents", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "ISBN or other identifier, issuing scheme, identified entity and verification status", "why_it_matters": "Allows matching while exposing identifiers that are absent, misprinted or attached to a different format." }, { "name": "Printed extent", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Pages, leaves, volumes and separately counted plates; preserve printed numbering sequences", "why_it_matters": "Supports completeness checks and citation without confusing leaves with pages." }, { "name": "Binding and dimensions", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Binding type and construction; height, width and thickness recorded separately in millimetres", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes physical formats and informs handling and storage." }, { "name": "Copy completeness and readability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "complete | incomplete | unverified; readable | partly unreadable | unreadable, with affected locations", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the copy can support reading, citation, lending or digitisation." }, { "name": "Copy provenance", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Evidence-linked ownership, custody, inscriptions, annotations and repair history", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes an individual copy and supports decisions about its handling and disposition." }, { "name": "Permission for a proposed use", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "permitted | conditional | prohibited | unresolved, qualified by action, component, territory, date and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Prevents ownership of a copy from being treated as sufficient authority for every use of its content." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify a book from its title page, publication statements, identifiers and physical features.", "Select an edition or translation suitable for a specified reading, citation or comparison task.", "Locate a passage using the pagination and internal structure of a particular edition.", "Inspect a physical copy for missing content, illegibility and handling limitations.", "Compare copies or editions while distinguishing textual variation from manufacturing and copy-specific differences.", "Evaluate whether a proposed loan, scan, quotation or republication has sufficient supporting permission evidence." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "bibliographic-identity", "name": "Bibliographic identity", "description": "Separate the book's intellectual identity from its textual versions, published embodiments and individual copies.", "rationale": "Book titles and identifiers are insufficient unless the agent knows which level of identity they describe.", "layers": [ { "id": "work-and-text", "name": "Work and text", "description": "Identify the written work and the particular text embodied by the book.", "findings": [ { "id": "work-and-expression-boundary", "name": "Work and expression boundary", "description": "Record evidence for shared work identity and for differences introduced by language, revision or abridgement.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which title, contributors and textual evidence identify this work independently of its cover and publisher?", "kind": "definition", "id": "work-and-expression-boundary-q01" }, { "text": "Is this text an original, translation, revision, abridgement or adaptation, and what supports that classification?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "work-and-expression-boundary-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "edition-and-copy", "name": "Edition and copy", "description": "Assign publication-level and copy-level observations to their proper referents.", "findings": [ { "id": "identifier-referent", "name": "Identifier referent", "description": "Keep edition matching distinct from identification of a particular physical copy.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which edition, format or other bibliographic entity does each supplied identifier actually identify?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "identifier-referent-q01" }, { "text": "Which shelfmark, accession number, inscription or other evidence distinguishes this physical copy?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "identifier-referent-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "publication-and-responsibility", "name": "Publication and responsibility", "description": "Establish who produced the text and how this printed embodiment entered publication.", "rationale": "A book's credited contributors and publication history determine which version is being represented and how reliable an identification is.", "layers": [ { "id": "credited-contributions", "name": "Credited contributions", "description": "Distinguish authorship from translation, editing, illustration and other contributions.", "findings": [ { "id": "contributor-attribution", "name": "Contributor attribution", "description": "Preserve printed credits and distinguish them from externally supported or disputed attributions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who is credited as author, editor, translator or illustrator, and where does each credit appear?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contributor-attribution-q01" }, { "text": "Do any credits concern only an introduction, chapter, translation or other component rather than the whole book?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "contributor-attribution-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "publication-sequence", "name": "Publication sequence", "description": "Identify the imprint and distinguish editions, impressions and format changes.", "findings": [ { "id": "edition-history-evidence", "name": "Edition history evidence", "description": "Record publication statements without assuming that a marketing label proves a changed text.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do the title page, copyright page and colophon state about publisher, date, edition and printing?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "edition-history-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence shows whether this issue changes the text, repeats an earlier printing or changes only the physical presentation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "edition-history-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "text-organisation-and-reference", "name": "Text organisation and reference", "description": "Represent the book's component texts and the means of locating material within them.", "rationale": "An agent must know what the book contains and how to point a reader to the intended passage in a specific edition.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-components", "name": "Content components", "description": "Distinguish the principal text from independently attributable works and supporting matter.", "findings": [ { "id": "contained-works-and-paratext", "name": "Contained works and paratext", "description": "Record chapters, collected works, introductions, appendices and illustrations according to their actual relationships.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this book contain one principal work, several independent works or an edited collection of contributions?", "kind": "definition", "id": "contained-works-and-paratext-q01" }, { "text": "Which introductions, notes, appendices or illustrations belong specifically to this edition?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "contained-works-and-paratext-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "passage-location", "name": "Passage location", "description": "Capture pagination and internal divisions needed for retrieval and citation.", "findings": [ { "id": "edition-specific-locators", "name": "Edition-specific locators", "description": "Use locators that remain traceable to the inspected edition and accommodate unusual numbering.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which page sequences, chapter labels, indexes or other locators allow a passage to be found in this edition?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "edition-specific-locators-q01" }, { "text": "What edition and locator information must accompany a quotation so another reader can verify it?", "kind": "action", "id": "edition-specific-locators-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "bound-copy-integrity", "name": "Bound copy integrity", "description": "Describe the bound printed embodiment and assess the condition of a specific copy.", "rationale": "A bibliographically correct match can still be incomplete, unreadable or unsuitable for handling.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constitution", "name": "Physical constitution", "description": "Record volumes, leaves, plates, binding and dimensions relevant to the book's physical identity.", "findings": [ { "id": "expected-and-observed-extent", "name": "Expected and observed extent", "description": "Compare the inspected copy with evidence of the edition's expected physical contents.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many volumes, numbered pages or leaves, unnumbered sections and plates are expected, and from what evidence?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "expected-and-observed-extent-q01" }, { "text": "Does the observed binding belong to the published format, or is it a later rebinding or binding of separately issued material?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "expected-and-observed-extent-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "copy-condition", "name": "Copy condition", "description": "Locate defects and copy-specific alterations that affect use.", "findings": [ { "id": "reading-and-handling-readiness", "name": "Reading and handling readiness", "description": "Record missing, obscured or fragile portions and connect them to the requested activity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which leaves, plates or passages are missing, loose, damaged, annotated or unreadable?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reading-and-handling-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "Can this copy support the proposed reading, lending or scanning activity given its observed condition?", "kind": "action", "id": "reading-and-handling-readiness-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-use-authority", "name": "Access and use authority", "description": "Connect custody and content permissions to specific proposed uses of the book.", "rationale": "Authority to handle a copy and authority to reproduce its text, translation or illustrations require separate evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "copy-custody", "name": "Copy custody", "description": "Establish who controls the physical copy and the conditions of access.", "findings": [ { "id": "custody-and-access-conditions", "name": "Custody and access conditions", "description": "Record ownership or custody evidence and any applicable loan or consultation conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who owns or holds this copy, and what evidence establishes that relationship?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "custody-and-access-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "What recorded conditions govern consulting, borrowing, transferring or physically scanning this copy?", "kind": "action", "id": "custody-and-access-conditions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-use-permissions", "name": "Content use permissions", "description": "Assess the proposed use against evidence for each relevant textual or visual contribution.", "findings": [ { "id": "component-specific-use-assessment", "name": "Component-specific use assessment", "description": "Keep permission conclusions qualified by component, action, jurisdiction and date, with unresolved cases explicit.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which evidence supports the proposed use of the main text, translation, introduction and illustrations in the relevant territory and on the intended date?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "component-specific-use-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Does the available evidence permit the requested quotation, reproduction or republication, impose conditions, or leave the action unresolved?", "kind": "action", "id": "component-specific-use-assessment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This is recall-based description; no sources or current standard versions were consulted.", "The supplied sense combines intellectual work and physical publication; identifiers, damage and binding properties apply at different bibliographic levels.", "Boundaries between a revision of an existing work and a new work require cataloguing judgment; an edition label alone does not settle them." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Novel", "Poetry collection", "Scholarly monograph", "Textbook", "Reference book", "Essay collection" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ISBN", "value_or_pattern": "13 digits beginning with 978 or 979; older publications may carry a 10-character ISBN", "note": "Identifies a particular publication edition and product form rather than the abstract work or an individual copy; not every published book has one." }, { "scheme": "Library accession number or item barcode", "value_or_pattern": "Locally assigned identifier", "note": "Identifies an individual copy within a particular institution, not the work universally." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "IFLA Library Reference Model (IFLA LRM), issued by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, distinguishes work, expression, manifestation and item.", "ISO 2108, issued by the International Organization for Standardization, specifies the International Standard Book Number system.", "RDA: Resource Description and Access, maintained under the RDA Steering Committee, provides guidance for describing and relating bibliographic resources.", "ISBD: International Standard Bibliographic Description, issued by IFLA, standardizes bibliographic description." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Publication and distribution of literary, scholarly and practical writing.", "Teaching, independent study and reference consultation.", "Library cataloguing, discovery, lending and preservation.", "Bookselling and inventory management by edition and format.", "Citation and comparison of texts across editions and translations." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Confusing the work with a translation, edition or individual copy produces incorrect catalogue records and citations.", "Treating an ISBN as a universal work identifier incorrectly merges or separates publications.", "Unmarked revisions, abridgements or translations can obscure substantive differences between texts.", "Printing and binding defects can omit, duplicate or misorder content in particular copies.", "Deterioration, moisture, fire and loss can destroy physical copies and impair access." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Writing systems and publishing traditions affect reading direction, typography and binding orientation.", "Cataloguing practices and classification systems differ among national libraries and institutions.", "Publishers may issue distinct territorial editions with different spelling, content, formats or identifiers." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Expression", "difference": "An expression is a particular realization of the work, such as its text in a given language; a translation can realize the same work differently." }, { "name": "Edition", "difference": "An edition represents a particular published version; one work can appear in multiple editions." }, { "name": "Physical copy", "difference": "A copy is an individual bound object with its own condition, location and ownership." }, { "name": "E-book", "difference": "An e-book carries text digitally and may embody the same work, but does not meet the bound printed carrier condition specified here." }, { "name": "Manuscript", "difference": "A manuscript may contain a written work without that work having been published as a printed book." }, { "name": "Periodical", "difference": "A periodical is issued in successive parts intended to continue; binding its issues together does not make the serial itself a single book work." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of book this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this concept, requiring vr.tr.book to link to that publication instead of receiving a separate model?", "How should the registry's bound-print definition treat artist's books, predominantly pictorial books, loose-leaf publications and print-on-demand works?", "Which bibliographic authority and alignment rules should determine when revisions, abridgements or adaptations become distinct works rather than expressions?", "What evidence threshold should resolve conflicting edition statements, publication dates and reused or erroneous identifiers?", "Which authoritative sources and jurisdiction-specific rules will support component-level permission assessments for text, translations, annotations and illustrations?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched.", "facetsInferred": false, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a book, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "portable", "scale": "handheld" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "picked up and handled", "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: authority, curiosa, formulary, pharmacopeia, last word, trade book, trade edition, best seller, bestseller, bestiary, catechism, cookbook.", "83 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a book, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Fits in a hand and is carried without help.", "Moved by a person without machinery.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "pick it up, hold it, put it somewhere else", "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "authority", "curiosa", "formulary", "pharmacopeia", "last word", "trade book", "trade edition", "best seller", "bestseller", "bestiary", "catechism", "cookbook" ] } ], "standing": "83 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one book from another, and a book from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a book sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a book from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a book is, how it got there and where it may go (portable).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a book is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a book is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a book passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a book between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a book, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a book is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a book and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a book is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a book performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a book.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a book at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a book says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a book contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a book and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of book a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For book, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of book exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made book and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to book, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in book, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a book came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a book and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a book is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a book, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a book, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a book is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 16, "findings": 18, "questions": 50 } } } }