{ "model": { "rank": 3014, "code": "thing-cake-food", "model_id": "vr.tr.cake-food", "name": "cake", "purpose": "food made from or based on a mixture of flour, sugar, eggs, and fat, typically cooked in an oven", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/cake-food/", "tier": 2, "score": 92, "payload": { "layer": "wordnet", "aliases": [ "applesauce cake", "baba", "baba au rhum", "rum baba", "birthday cake", "cheesecake", "chiffon cake", "chocolate cake", "coconut cake", "coffeecake", "coffee cake", "babka", "crumb cake", "crumpet", "cupcake", "devil's food", "devil's food cake", "fruitcake", "simnel", "gateau", "sponge cake", "angel cake", "angel food cake", "jellyroll", "Swiss roll", "wedding cake", "bridecake", "white cake", "spice cake", "gingerbread", "pound cake", "layer cake", "torte", "petit four", "prune cake", "jumble", "jumbal", "savarin", "upside-down cake", "skillet cake" ], "aliasCount": 128, "merged": 92, "knownIn": 0, "facets": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "portable", "scale": "handheld", "affordances": [ "graspable" ] }, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "noun.food", "senseRank": 2, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "oewn:2024", "synset": "oewn-07644479-n", "ili": "i76949", "license": "CC BY 4.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:15:43Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00471988, "turns": 1, "seconds": 67, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 76, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c36-9376-7511-8408-06c98b73f7e0\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: cake\nRegistry id: vr.tr.cake-food\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: food made from or based on a mixture of flour, sugar, eggs, and " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-CAKE-FOOD", "registryId": "vr.tr.cake-food", "name": "cake", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/cake-food/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.cake-food", "name": "cake", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a cake, assess its preparation and serving state, and determine suitable handling, storage, portioning and consumption actions.", "definition": "A cake is a sweet baked (or sometimes steamed) confection whose structure comes from a batter or paste of cereal flour and/or starch, sugar, eggs and fat, usually chemically or egg-leavened, yielding a tender, moist crumb rather than a chewy bread structure.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the identity, composition, physical organisation, preparation state, condition and serving readiness of a particular cake or identifiable portion of cake.", "in_scope": [ "Cake identity, style and departures from the registry's typical ingredients or oven preparation", "Ingredients, substitutions, fillings, coatings and edible or non-edible decorations", "Crumb, layers, shape and structural integrity", "Preparation, assembly, storage and exposure history relevant to the cake's present state", "Condition, portioning and suitability for an intended eater or occasion" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Recipes as reusable instructions and formulation documents", "Ingredient production and supply-chain models", "Ovens, mixers, refrigerators and other kitchen equipment", "Packaging, transport services and retail transactions", "People's medical conditions, dietary policies and event planning" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check whether the food is identified and constituted as cake through its formulation, preparation and resulting structure; sweetness alone does not distinguish cake from sweet bread.", "Check whether the main body is a cake matrix, possibly with fillings and coatings, rather than a pastry shell enclosing a filling as in many pies and tarts.", "Check whether a small item is an individual cake or a biscuit or cookie using preparation and internal structure; size and outline alone are insufficient.", "Check whether the item is finished cake, an identifiable cake portion or material still awaiting preparation; raw batter should not automatically inherit a finished cake's readiness.", "For foods named cake that lack the typical flour-based matrix or oven preparation, record the naming basis and flag uncertain registry membership." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Cake style and identification basis", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Declared style; observed formulation and structure; identification confidence", "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition without treating every food called cake as an automatic match." }, { "name": "Ingredient and substitution profile", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Cake components linked to ingredient declarations, substitutions and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes variants and supports ingredient suitability checks." }, { "name": "Allergen information status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Declared allergens; cross-contact statements; evidence source; unknowns", "why_it_matters": "Prevents appearance or an incomplete ingredient list from being treated as evidence of suitability." }, { "name": "Component arrangement", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Cake bodies, fillings, coatings, decorations and supports with their positions", "why_it_matters": "Determines how the cake can be cut, moved and served." }, { "name": "Mass and dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "g or kg; height, width and diameter in cm where applicable", "why_it_matters": "Supports portion estimates, container fit and handling decisions." }, { "name": "Preparation and assembly state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Recorded stage such as mixed, cooking, cooling, assembled, frozen, thawing or portioned", "why_it_matters": "Identifies the next applicable preparation or serving action." }, { "name": "Crumb and coating condition", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Observed crumb moisture and cohesion; coating firmness; cracks, collapse or separation", "why_it_matters": "Supports quality assessment and handling without confusing texture with safety." }, { "name": "Time and temperature history", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Dated events; durations in minutes or hours; temperatures in °C; measurement location", "why_it_matters": "Provides evidence for applying component-specific storage and serving guidance." }, { "name": "Serving readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Ready, requires preparation, held pending evidence or unsuitable for intended use, with reasons", "why_it_matters": "Connects observed condition and available evidence to a particular serving decision." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify and describe a cake or portion while flagging uncertain classification.", "Check ingredient declarations against the intended eater's supplied requirements.", "Determine applicable cooling, assembly, storage or thawing actions from the cake's components and supported guidance.", "Plan movement and cutting around layers, fragile coatings and internal supports.", "Divide and serve portions while removing non-edible components.", "Hold back a cake when condition or missing handling evidence prevents a supported serving decision." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "wikipedia-cake", "title": "Cake", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cake", "what_it_supports": "General definition, major types, baking methods, and distinction from bread.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "cake-identity", "name": "Cake identity", "description": "Establishes why the item belongs to the registered cake concept and what physical item is being assessed.", "rationale": "Cake names, shapes and ingredient substitutions can obscure boundaries with neighbouring foods.", "layers": [ { "id": "classification-basis", "name": "Classification basis", "description": "Connects a cake designation to evidence about formulation and preparation.", "findings": [ { "id": "cake-membership-evidence", "name": "Cake membership evidence", "description": "Record the declared identity and the observable or documented basis for accepting it.", "questions": [ { "text": "What formulation, preparation method and resulting structure support identifying this food as cake?", "kind": "definition", "id": "cake-membership-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What distinguishes this item from sweet bread, pastry, a cookie or another dessert in this case?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "cake-membership-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "whole-and-portion", "name": "Whole and portion", "description": "Separates a whole cake, an individual cake and a portion removed from a cake.", "findings": [ { "id": "assessed-cake-unit", "name": "Assessed cake unit", "description": "Record the unit under assessment and any known relationship to its parent cake.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this a whole cake, an individually prepared cake or a cut portion?", "kind": "definition", "id": "assessed-cake-unit-q01" }, { "text": "If it is a portion, which parent cake and cutting event establish its identity and inherited history?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "assessed-cake-unit-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cake-composition", "name": "Cake composition", "description": "Describes what the cake body and its additions contain.", "rationale": "Cake suitability and handling can depend on a filling or decoration that is not evident from the crumb.", "layers": [ { "id": "body-formulation", "name": "Body formulation", "description": "Captures the actual ingredients and substitutions in the cake body.", "findings": [ { "id": "declared-body-ingredients", "name": "Declared body ingredients", "description": "Record supported ingredient information without assuming that every cake contains the registry's typical ingredients.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which ingredients and substitutions are documented for the cake body?", "kind": "definition", "id": "declared-body-ingredients-q01" }, { "text": "Does this information come from a label, a recipe tied to this batch or a maker's statement?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "declared-body-ingredients-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fillings-coatings-and-additions", "name": "Fillings, coatings and additions", "description": "Accounts for components added between, around or on top of cake bodies.", "findings": [ { "id": "component-suitability-evidence", "name": "Component suitability evidence", "description": "Record ingredient and allergen evidence for each addition, including gaps affecting the whole cake.", "questions": [ { "text": "What fillings, syrups, coatings and edible decorations are present, and what is known about their ingredients?", "kind": "definition", "id": "component-suitability-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which ingredient or cross-contact unknowns must be resolved before offering this cake to the intended eater?", "kind": "action", "id": "component-suitability-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "crumb-and-construction", "name": "Crumb and construction", "description": "Captures the cake's internal texture and the arrangement that holds the finished item together.", "rationale": "A cake's crumb, fillings and supports determine whether it can withstand lifting, stacking and cutting.", "layers": [ { "id": "crumb-condition", "name": "Crumb condition", "description": "Describes the observed cake body relative to the intended style.", "findings": [ { "id": "crumb-texture-and-integrity", "name": "Crumb texture and integrity", "description": "Record moisture, cohesion and visible irregularities while keeping observations separate from explanations.", "questions": [ { "text": "What crumb moisture, firmness, pore pattern and cohesion are observed, and where were they assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "crumb-texture-and-integrity-q01" }, { "text": "Which observations depart from the intended cake style, and what evidence supports calling them defects?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "crumb-texture-and-integrity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "layer-and-support-layout", "name": "Layer and support layout", "description": "Locates cake layers, filling interfaces, tiers and supporting components.", "findings": [ { "id": "structural-arrangement", "name": "Structural arrangement", "description": "Record how the cake is assembled and where structural instability or non-edible parts affect handling.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are the layers and tiers arranged, and where are boards, dowels or other supports located?", "kind": "definition", "id": "structural-arrangement-q01" }, { "text": "What lifting and cutting actions are compatible with the observed stability, filling firmness and support layout?", "kind": "action", "id": "structural-arrangement-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "preparation-and-preservation", "name": "Preparation and preservation", "description": "Connects the cake's present state to its preparation and subsequent handling.", "rationale": "Appearance alone cannot establish preparation completion or justify a storage and serving decision.", "layers": [ { "id": "preparation-progress", "name": "Preparation progress", "description": "Records completion evidence for the preparation steps applicable to this cake.", "findings": [ { "id": "preparation-stage-evidence", "name": "Preparation stage evidence", "description": "Establish the current stage and the evidence supporting progression to the next one.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which cooking, setting, cooling and assembly steps apply to this cake, and which are documented as complete?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "preparation-stage-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What recipe-specific or otherwise supported completion criteria must be checked before the next preparation step?", "kind": "action", "id": "preparation-stage-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "storage-and-exposure", "name": "Storage and exposure", "description": "Captures storage, thawing and display history for the assembled cake and relevant components.", "findings": [ { "id": "preservation-evidence", "name": "Preservation evidence", "description": "Record handling evidence and applicable guidance without assigning a universal cake shelf life.", "questions": [ { "text": "What times, temperatures and covering conditions are known since preparation, including freezing, thawing and display?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "preservation-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which component-specific instructions or authoritative guidance govern continued storage or serving, and is the history sufficient to apply them?", "kind": "action", "id": "preservation-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "portioning-and-serving", "name": "Portioning and serving", "description": "Determines how the cake can be prepared for an intended serving and what remains afterward.", "rationale": "Serving requires decisions about edible boundaries, portion size and the changed condition of exposed cut surfaces.", "layers": [ { "id": "serving-readiness", "name": "Serving readiness", "description": "Combines condition, component information and preparation needs for a particular serving decision.", "findings": [ { "id": "serving-decision", "name": "Serving decision", "description": "Record whether the cake can be served for the intended use and any necessary prior actions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which decorations, wrappers, candles or internal supports must be removed or explicitly excluded from edible portions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "serving-decision-q01" }, { "text": "Do ingredient evidence, handling history and observed condition support serving now, or what unresolved issue requires holding it back?", "kind": "action", "id": "serving-decision-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "portion-yield-and-remainder", "name": "Portion yield and remainder", "description": "Relates cutting choices to usable portions and the remaining cake.", "findings": [ { "id": "cutting-and-remainder-plan", "name": "Cutting and remainder plan", "description": "Record a feasible portion plan and the handling consequences of cutting.", "questions": [ { "text": "Given the cake's dimensions, edible mass and layer arrangement, how many portions of the intended size can be cut?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "cutting-and-remainder-plan-q01" }, { "text": "How should remaining pieces be covered and stored under the applicable guidance after cutting exposes the crumb and fillings?", "kind": "action", "id": "cutting-and-remainder-plan-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "butter/pound cakes", "foam/sponge cakes (génoise, angel food, chiffon)", "layer and celebration cakes", "fruitcakes", "cheesecakes", "small cakes (cupcakes, madeleines, financiers)", "flourless cakes and tortes", "regional oil- or syrup-soaked cakes (tres leches, olive-oil cakes)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q13276", "note": "Item for cake as a baked sweet food." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Codex Alimentarius general food hygiene and labelling (CAC/RCP 1, CXS 1) as applied to bakery goods; no cake-specific commodity standard.", "EU Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 on food information to consumers (allergens: gluten, egg, milk, nuts).", "US FDA 21 CFR food labelling and bakery-product identity/standards where they apply; allergen labelling under FALCPA." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Dessert and celebration food (birthdays, weddings, religious feasts).", "Retail bakery and industrial packaged snack cakes.", "Foodservice plated dessert and catering.", "Home baking from scratch or mixes." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "typical portion mass", "typical_range": "40-125", "unit": "g" }, { "quantity": "energy density", "typical_range": "300-450", "unit": "kcal/100 g" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Salmonella from raw egg batter.", "Allergen exposure (wheat, egg, milk, tree nuts).", "Mould and staling in high-moisture crumb.", "Collapse or dense crumb from leavening or bake failure." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "UK vs US naming of sponge, gateau, and biscuit/cookie boundaries (Jaffa Cake VAT case).", "Central European torte often layered and sometimes flourless.", "East Asian castella and chiffon styles; Latin American tres leches." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "bread", "difference": "Bread is typically yeast-leavened, lower in sugar and fat, and has a chewy gluten network rather than a tender cake crumb." }, { "name": "biscuit/cookie", "difference": "Biscuits/cookies are lower-moisture, crisper or snap-break products; cakes are moist and cut as a crumb." }, { "name": "muffin/quick bread", "difference": "Muffins are usually less sweet, coarser-crumbed, and treated as a bread-like bakery item rather than a dessert cake." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of cake this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does this registry entry include cheesecake, ice-cream cake and other named cakes that depart substantially from its flour-mixture definition?", "Where should the registry draw operational boundaries between cake, sweet bread, muffins, brownies and cookies when formulation and preparation overlap?", "Should raw cake batter be represented as a state of the cake or as a separate preparation linked to the finished cake?", "Which authoritative guidance should govern storage and serving decisions for each filling and coating combination, including incomplete handling histories?", "Which style-specific observations reliably distinguish an intended moist or dense crumb from a preparation defect?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched.", "facetsInferred": false, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a cake, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "food made from or based on a mixture of flour, sugar, eggs, and fat, typically cooked in an oven", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "portable", "scale": "handheld" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "picked up and handled" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: applesauce cake, baba, baba au rhum, rum baba, birthday cake, cheesecake, chiffon cake, chocolate cake, coconut cake, coffeecake, coffee cake, babka.", "92 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a cake, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Fits in a hand and is carried without help.", "Moved by a person without machinery.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "pick it up, hold it, put it somewhere else" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "applesauce cake", "baba", "baba au rhum", "rum baba", "birthday cake", "cheesecake", "chiffon cake", "chocolate cake", "coconut cake", "coffeecake", "coffee cake", "babka" ] } ], "standing": "92 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one cake from another, and a cake from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a cake sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a cake from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a cake is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples at handheld scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a cake is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a cake is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a cake is, how it got there and where it may go (portable).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a cake is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a cake is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a cake passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a cake between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a cake, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a cake is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a cake and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a cake is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a cake performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a cake.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a cake at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What cake is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name cake unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of cake exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How cake behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of cake, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is cake incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How cake can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is cake classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover cake, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a cake came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a cake and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a cake is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a cake, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a cake, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a cake is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 19, "findings": 21, "questions": 57 } } } }