{ "model": { "rank": 2872, "code": "thing-design-artifact", "model_id": "vr.tr.design-artifact", "name": "design", "purpose": "a decorative or artistic work", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/design-artifact/", "tier": 2, "score": 95, "payload": { "layer": "wordnet", "aliases": [ "roundel", "annulet", "argyle", "argyll", "banner", "streamer", "battle flag", "bear claw", "bend", "bend dexter", "black flag", "pirate flag", "Jolly Roger", "blackjack", "bulla", "cachet", "charge", "bearing", "heraldic bearing", "armorial bearing", "check", "chevron", "coat of arms", "arms", "blazon", "blazonry", "colophon", "colors", "colours", "crest", "crucifix", "rood", "rood-tree", "damascene", "decal", "decalcomania", "pattern", "figure", "device", "emblem" ], "aliasCount": 156, "merged": 95, "knownIn": 0, "facets": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "portable", "scale": "handheld", "affordances": [ "graspable" ] }, "markers": [ "artifact" ], "lexicalClass": "noun.artifact", "senseRank": 3, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "oewn:2024", "synset": "oewn-03183448-n", "ili": "i52808", "license": "CC BY 4.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T13:23:12Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01417936, "turns": 1, "seconds": 161.3, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 80.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c05-110d-7dd2-9ead-83fd69d03376\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: design\nRegistry id: vr.tr.design-artifact\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: a decorative or artistic work\nNames folded into this ent" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-DESIGN-ARTIFACT", "registryId": "vr.tr.design-artifact", "name": "design", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/design-artifact/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.design-artifact", "name": "design", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a physical decorative or artistic work, assess the integrity of its expression and material condition, and identify appropriate uses or interventions.", "definition": "A design as a decorative or artistic work is a particular ornamental appearance - the combination of features of line, contour, colour, shape, texture, material or ornament - that constitutes or is applied to a physical article, or that exists as a pattern or drawing for that appearance, valued for visual effect rather than for technical function.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the registered sense of design as a decorative or artistic work in the physical plane: its identifying expression, physical embodiment, relation to any supporting object or site, condition, and constraints on display, reproduction and alteration.", "in_scope": [ "The composition, motifs, forms, colours and textures that identify the work", "The physical materials and techniques through which its expression is embodied", "Boundaries between the work, its support and any surrounding decoration", "Attribution, production history and relationships among originals, editions and copies", "The effect of wear, damage, repair and presentation on the work's expression", "Work-specific permissions and constraints affecting display, reproduction and intervention" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Design as a planning activity, methodology or professional service", "Technical drawings, specifications and plans whose primary role is to instruct fabrication", "The complete functional specification of a product carrying decoration", "The full building, landscape or site containing an installed work", "Digital-only artworks and source files, except as related records", "People, organisations and legal instruments as independently modelled entities" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The referent is an embodied decorative or artistic work, rather than the activity that produced it.", "Its arrangement of form, colour, texture or imagery is part of what identifies it; recording only its dimensions and material would lose that identity.", "It is encountered as the work itself, rather than solely as instructions for making another thing; ambiguous drawings require an explicit role determination.", "When attached to a useful object, its decorative or artistic extent can be described separately from the host's functional identity, even if physical separation is impossible.", "A naturally occurring pattern does not qualify merely because it looks decorative; evidence of making, arranging or deliberate artistic selection must be recorded." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Decorative or artistic role", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "decorative; artistic; both; disputed; unknown, with supporting evidence", "why_it_matters": "Establishes why the referent belongs to this registered sense of design." }, { "name": "Embodiment relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "standalone work; applied to a host; integral to a host; site-bound arrangement; unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines the work's boundary and whether moving or altering its support also changes the work." }, { "name": "Compositional organisation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Described focal elements, hierarchy, repetition, symmetry, orientation and intentional irregularities", "why_it_matters": "Supports recognition and assessment of changes to the work's expression." }, { "name": "Expressive materials and techniques", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Observed or documented media, substrate, finish and making techniques, with confidence", "why_it_matters": "Connects appearance and fabrication to handling and intervention constraints." }, { "name": "Physical extent", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Height, width, depth or repeat interval in mm or m; location of measured boundaries", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification, placement and comparison without confusing the work's extent with its host." }, { "name": "Production relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Unique work; edition member; repeated application; variant; reproduction; relationship unknown", "why_it_matters": "Prevents visually similar embodiments from being treated as the same physical work." }, { "name": "Expressive integrity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Apparently intact; altered; partly obscured; fragmentary; unresolved, with affected elements", "why_it_matters": "Records whether the features needed to experience or recognise the work remain available." }, { "name": "Surface and attachment condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed fading, abrasion, cracking, loss, deformation, detachment or other changes, with extent and observation date", "why_it_matters": "Identifies changes that may affect appearance or constrain handling and display." }, { "name": "Presentation dependency", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Documented dependence on orientation, lighting, spacing, viewpoint, host or site; unknown where unverified", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes acceptable presentation changes from changes to the work itself." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify and compare works through their composition, materials, markings and production relationships.", "Locate the decorative or artistic work within a host object or site and describe its boundaries.", "Assess how observed loss, wear or alteration affects recognisability and expression.", "Evaluate proposed display or relocation against documented presentation and material constraints.", "Determine which reproduction, cleaning or alteration actions have established permission and sufficient supporting information.", "Document variants, repairs and reinterpretations while preserving uncertainty about attribution and intended appearance." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "wipo-hague", "title": "Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs", "url": "https://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/hague/", "what_it_supports": "Treats industrial design as the ornamental appearance of an article and supplies the international registration scheme used in identifiers.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "uk-rda-1949", "title": "Registered Designs Act 1949", "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo6/12-13-14/88/contents", "what_it_supports": "United Kingdom statutory definition of a registrable design as the appearance of the whole or part of a product, and the national registration scheme.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "us-35usc-171", "title": "35 U.S.C. § 171 - Patents for designs", "url": "https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/35/171", "what_it_supports": "United States design-patent statute: a new, original and ornamental design for an article of manufacture.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "wipo-locarno", "title": "Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs", "url": "https://www.wipo.int/classifications/locarno/en/", "what_it_supports": "International classification used to name kinds of industrial designs by product class.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "uk-cdpa-1988", "title": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988", "url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/contents", "what_it_supports": "Unregistered design right in shape and configuration, and the boundary with copyright in artistic works and design documents.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "getty-aat-designs", "title": "Art & Architecture Thesaurus: designs (visual works)", "url": "https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/aat/", "what_it_supports": "Museum and cataloguing sense of a design as a visual work produced as a pattern, model, preliminary study or finished decorative composition.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "berne-art2", "title": "Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, Article 2", "url": "https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text/283698", "what_it_supports": "International copyright coverage of works of applied art and drawings, which overlaps this sense of design as an artistic work.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "work-identity-and-boundary", "name": "Work identity and boundary", "description": "Establishes what counts as the decorative or artistic work and where it begins and ends.", "rationale": "A design may be a standalone work or an inseparable treatment of another object; an agent must identify the correct referent before assessing or acting on it.", "layers": [ { "id": "registered-sense", "name": "Registered sense", "description": "Separates the embodied work from a design process, fabrication instruction or incidental appearance.", "findings": [ { "id": "decorative-artistic-status", "name": "Decorative or artistic status", "description": "Records the basis for treating this physical referent as a decorative or artistic work without substituting a judgement of quality.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes that this referent is made, arranged or selected as a decorative or artistic work?", "kind": "definition", "id": "decorative-artistic-status-q01" }, { "text": "Is the referent the work itself, an instruction for producing another thing, or an item serving both roles?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "decorative-artistic-status-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-support", "name": "Work and support", "description": "Locates the work relative to substrates, host objects, frames and sites.", "findings": [ { "id": "expressive-extent", "name": "Expressive extent", "description": "Records which physical elements belong to the work and which merely support or surround it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which surfaces, components or spatial arrangements constitute the work, and where are their boundaries?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "expressive-extent-q01" }, { "text": "Would separation from the host, frame or site remove a constituent part of the work or only change its support?", "kind": "action", "id": "expressive-extent-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-expression", "name": "Composition and expression", "description": "Captures the perceptible organisation through which this work is recognised and interpreted.", "rationale": "Material inventory alone cannot distinguish works whose identity depends on arrangement, imagery, colour or texture.", "layers": [ { "id": "formal-organisation", "name": "Formal organisation", "description": "Describes the arrangement and relative prominence of expressive elements.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognition-features", "name": "Recognition features", "description": "Identifies motifs, shapes, colour relationships, textures and spacing useful for recognising this work.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which motifs, forms, colour relationships or textures most clearly distinguish this work from similar works?", "kind": "definition", "id": "recognition-features-q01" }, { "text": "What repeat intervals, proportions or spatial relationships need measurement to compare its composition reliably?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "recognition-features-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "meaning-and-intent", "name": "Meaning and intent", "description": "Separates observable content from documented intention and attributed interpretation.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-interpretations", "name": "Supported interpretations", "description": "Records represented subjects and attributed meanings with their evidence and uncertainty.", "questions": [ { "text": "What subjects, symbols or inscriptions are directly observable, and which identifications remain uncertain?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-interpretations-q01" }, { "text": "Which statements about intended effect or meaning come from the maker, commissioner or other identifiable interpreters?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-interpretations-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "embodiment-and-production", "name": "Embodiment and production", "description": "Relates physical execution to authorship, production history and other embodiments.", "rationale": "The same composition can occur in different materials, editions or applications, and their relationships affect identity and permissible treatment.", "layers": [ { "id": "material-execution", "name": "Material execution", "description": "Explains how substrate, media, fabrication and finishing produce the observed expression.", "findings": [ { "id": "expression-bearing-construction", "name": "Expression-bearing construction", "description": "Records the physical construction responsible for the work's visible or tactile features.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which materials, surface layers and making techniques produce the observed colours, relief, texture or transparency?", "kind": "definition", "id": "expression-bearing-construction-q01" }, { "text": "Which construction details are documented or examined, and which are inferred solely from appearance?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "expression-bearing-construction-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-versions", "name": "Authorship and versions", "description": "Distinguishes conception, execution and subsequent production relationships.", "findings": [ { "id": "work-lineage", "name": "Work lineage", "description": "Records attributed contributors and whether this embodiment is unique, repeated, varied or reproduced.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who is credited with conception, execution and later alteration, and what evidence supports each attribution?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "work-lineage-q01" }, { "text": "What establishes this embodiment's relationship to any original, edition, template, variant or reproduction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "work-lineage-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-expressive-integrity", "name": "Condition and expressive integrity", "description": "Assesses material changes through their effect on the work's composition and expression.", "rationale": "Wear can obscure a motif, change a colour relationship or detach decoration from its host; condition must be assessed against this particular work.", "layers": [ { "id": "appearance-and-material-change", "name": "Appearance and material change", "description": "Locates observed changes and distinguishes them from intended or original features where evidence permits.", "findings": [ { "id": "change-against-reference", "name": "Change against reference", "description": "Compares present appearance with an identified reference while avoiding unsupported assumptions about original condition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What dated image, examination or documented state provides a defensible reference for identifying change?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "change-against-reference-q01" }, { "text": "Where and to what extent are fading, abrasion, loss, deformation or detachment observable?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "change-against-reference-q02" }, { "text": "Which apparent irregularities may be intentional texture, fabrication traces or valued ageing rather than damage?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "change-against-reference-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "alteration-and-repair", "name": "Alteration and repair", "description": "Tracks interventions that modify the work's material or expressive character.", "findings": [ { "id": "intervention-consequences", "name": "Intervention consequences", "description": "Records repairs and additions and evaluates their relationship to surviving expression.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which areas have been repainted, refinished, reconstructed or replaced, and how is that history established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "intervention-consequences-q01" }, { "text": "Would a proposed intervention remove, obscure or reinterpret an identifying motif, surface or colour relationship?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-consequences-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "presentation-and-permitted-use", "name": "Presentation and permitted use", "description": "Connects how the work is encountered with evidence governing its display, reproduction and modification.", "rationale": "Orientation, setting and reproduction choices can materially change how a decorative or artistic work is experienced, while authority to make those changes must be established separately.", "layers": [ { "id": "encounter-conditions", "name": "Encounter conditions", "description": "Records conditions needed to present the work's composition and material effects appropriately.", "findings": [ { "id": "presentation-dependencies", "name": "Presentation dependencies", "description": "Identifies documented dependencies on viewpoint, orientation, illumination, spacing and setting.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes intended orientation, viewing relationships, lighting effects or attachment to a particular setting?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "presentation-dependencies-q01" }, { "text": "Can the proposed display or relocation preserve those dependencies and satisfy documented material constraints?", "kind": "action", "id": "presentation-dependencies-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "reproduction-and-change-authority", "name": "Reproduction and change authority", "description": "Records the basis and limits of permission for actions affecting the work or its representation.", "findings": [ { "id": "action-specific-permissions", "name": "Action-specific permissions", "description": "Connects proposed actions to recorded authority, conditions and unresolved restrictions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What recorded permission or other established basis covers the proposed display, photography, reproduction or physical alteration?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-specific-permissions-q01" }, { "text": "What applicable conditions govern cropping, recolouring, scaling, attribution or adaptation of the work's composition?", "kind": "action", "id": "action-specific-permissions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Industrial or product design (the appearance of a manufactured useful article)", "Textile and fabric design (woven, printed, knitted or embroidered pattern)", "Surface pattern design (wallpaper, laminates, tiles, wrapping and other repeats)", "Graphic design as a finished visual work (poster, identity, printed ornament)", "Fashion and costume design (the appearance of a garment or accessory)", "Jewellery, silversmithing and metalwork design", "Ceramic, glass and other applied-decoration design", "Furniture and furnishing design" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q82604", "note": "Item 'design'; broader than this sense (includes plan and process)." }, { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q380487", "note": "Item 'industrial design' (ornamental appearance of a product)." }, { "scheme": "Getty AAT", "value_or_pattern": "designs (visual works) (aat:300015387)", "note": "Facet Visual Works; use the AAT ID when cataloguing a design as an object." }, { "scheme": "Locarno Classification", "value_or_pattern": "NN-NN (class-subclass, e.g. 05-05 printed fabrics)", "note": "WIPO product classification for industrial designs." }, { "scheme": "Hague System (WIPO)", "value_or_pattern": "DM/ followed by the international registration number", "note": "International deposit of an industrial design." }, { "scheme": "EUIPO Registered Community Design", "value_or_pattern": "00########-####", "note": "Community design number plus indication number." }, { "scheme": "USPTO design patent", "value_or_pattern": "D followed by 6-7 digits (e.g. D123456)", "note": "United States ornamental design patent number." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs (WIPO; Geneva Act 1999)", "Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Designs (WIPO, 1968)", "Council Regulation (EC) No 6/2002 on Community designs (European Union)", "Directive 98/71/EC on the legal protection of designs (European Union)", "Registered Designs Act 1949 (United Kingdom)", "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Parts I and III (United Kingdom)", "35 U.S.C. § 171 and related USPTO design-patent rules (United States)", "Berne Convention Article 2 (works of applied art) (WIPO)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Filed and searched as registered designs or design patents at EUIPO, UKIPO, USPTO and via the WIPO Hague System to monopolise a product's look.", "Held in museum decorative-arts collections and design archives as drawings, sample books, textiles, ceramics, furniture and jewellery.", "Used in textile, wallpaper, laminate and tile manufacture as a repeat pattern from which yardage or surfaces are printed or woven.", "Commissioned as fashion, interior, graphic or product appearance and then reproduced industrially from the design document.", "Cited in infringement, customs seizure and licensing disputes when a later article copies the protected appearance." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Overall height, width and depth of the article or of the design drawing", "typical_range": "from a few millimetres (jewellery, buttons) to several metres (furniture, furnishing textiles)", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Pattern repeat (one full cycle of a surface design)", "typical_range": "4-128 (furnishing and apparel prints commonly 16-64)", "unit": "cm" }, { "quantity": "Term of registered protection", "typical_range": "3 (EU unregistered Community design) to 25 (EU registered design, 5-year renewals); US design patents 15 years from grant for filings on or after 13 May 2015", "unit": "year" }, { "quantity": "Representations in a registration (orthographic and perspective views)", "typical_range": "1-7 typical; more where detail or variants require it", "unit": "view" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Unauthorised copying and industrial piracy of the appearance.", "Loss of novelty or individual character through prior public disclosure before filing (fatal or damaging in most registration systems).", "Claiming functional or purely technical features as if they were ornamental; such features are excluded from design protection.", "Fading, abrasion, dye migration or loss of applied decoration on the physical article.", "Over-broad claims that try to monopolise a commonplace motif, traditional pattern or generic style and then fail in validity challenges.", "Confusion in enforcement between a particular design and a shared visual language (e.g. a historic ornament type).", "Historic decorative materials that are toxic or unstable (certain pigments, finishes, flame retardants) creating conservation and health hazards for the object and handlers." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "United States protects this subject-matter as a 'design patent'; most other jurisdictions call it a 'registered design' or 'industrial design'.", "The United Kingdom uniquely maintains unregistered design right in shape and configuration (not surface pattern) under the 1988 Act, alongside registered design.", "The European Union also grants a short unregistered Community design (three years from first disclosure in the EU).", "France historically uses 'dessins et modèles'; Germany used 'Geschmacksmuster' (now 'Design'); China treats appearance design (外观设计) as a patent subtype.", "In museum and art-historical usage, Italian 'disegno' and French 'dessin' often mean the drawing or preparatory work, not the finished decorated article.", "Named pattern traditions are regional (batik, ikat, paisley, kilim, Islamic geometric ornament) even when the legal category is the same." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Utility patent / invention", "difference": "Protects technical function and how the article works. Test: if the look can be changed without changing the technical effect, the remaining subject-matter is design, not invention." }, { "name": "Trade mark / trade dress", "difference": "Protects a sign as an indicator of commercial origin and requires distinctiveness. A design need not designate source; it is the appearance as such." }, { "name": "Work of fine art (painting, unique sculpture)", "difference": "An autonomous unique work for contemplation. Test: is the object primarily a one-off aesthetic work, or an appearance or pattern made for application to articles or industrial reproduction?" }, { "name": "Engineering drawing / specification", "difference": "Instructs construction and function. Test: does the document tell a maker how the article works and is built, or how it is to look?" }, { "name": "Prototype or mock-up", "difference": "A physical trial of an article. Test: is the thing a specimen of a product, or the ornamental appearance or pattern considered independently of any one specimen?" }, { "name": "Style or genre (e.g. Art Deco, ikat as a method)", "difference": "A shared visual language, not a particular composition. Test: can the claim be reduced to one attributable arrangement of features, or only to a general manner?" }, { "name": "Copyright graphic work / design document", "difference": "Overlapping but not identical: copyright may subsist in the 2-D artistic work, while design right or a design patent protects the appearance of articles made to it. Test: is protection asserted in the drawing as an artistic work, or in the look of products made from it?" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of design this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend design to include every physical artistic work, or a narrower class distinguishable from neighbouring artwork and ornament entries?", "When a composition is applied repeatedly, should this entry identify each physical application, the shared work, or both through an explicit relationship?", "What evidence should establish work boundaries when a maker treats the host object, frame or site as part of the expression?", "How should intended impermanence, deliberate wear and culturally valued ageing affect judgements of expressive integrity?", "Whose documented authority or interpretation should govern treatment when makers, custodians, owners or associated communities disagree?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched.", "facetsInferred": false, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a design, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "a decorative or artistic work", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "portable", "scale": "handheld" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "picked up and handled" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: roundel, annulet, argyle, argyll, banner, streamer, battle flag, bear claw, bend, bend dexter, black flag, pirate flag.", "95 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a design, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Fits in a hand and is carried without help.", "Moved by a person without machinery.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "pick it up, hold it, put it somewhere else" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "roundel", "annulet", "argyle", "argyll", "banner", "streamer", "battle flag", "bear claw", "bend", "bend dexter", "black flag", "pirate flag" ] } ], "standing": "95 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one design from another, and a design from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a design sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a design from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a design is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples at handheld scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a design is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a design is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a design is, how it got there and where it may go (portable).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a design is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a design is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a design passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a design between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a design, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a design is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What design is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does design perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise design, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How design is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does design have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does design need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about design is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about design hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern design, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a design came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a design and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a design is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a design, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a design, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a design is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }