{ "model": { "rank": 6480, "code": "thing-membrane", "model_id": "vr.tr.membrane", "name": "membrane", "purpose": "a pliable sheet of tissue that covers or lines or connects the organs or cells of animals or plants", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/membrane/", "tier": 2, "score": 60, "payload": { "layer": "wordnet", "aliases": [ "trophoblast", "allantois", "chorioallantois", "chorioallantoic membrane", "axolemma", "basilar membrane", "caul", "veil", "embryonic membrane", "fetal membrane", "cell membrane", "cytomembrane", "plasma membrane", "choroid", "choroid coat", "ciliary body", "conjunctiva", "bulbar conjunctiva", "conjunctival layer of bulb", "tunica conjunctiva bulbi", "palpebra conjunctiva", "conjunctival layer of eyelids", "tunica conjunctiva palpebrarum", "pinguecula", "cornea", "pterygium", "arcus", "arcus senilis", "eardrum", "tympanum", "tympanic membrane", "myringa", "endocranium", "endosteum", "ependyma", "fertilization membrane", "hyaloid membrane", "hyaloid", "intima", "iris" ], "aliasCount": 89, "merged": 60, "knownIn": 0, "facets": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "not-applicable", "scale": "not-applicable", "affordances": [ "observable" ] }, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "noun.body", "senseRank": 1, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "oewn:2024", "synset": "oewn-05433820-n", "ili": "i65468", "license": "CC BY 4.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:51:10Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01005074, "turns": 1, "seconds": 168.9, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 77.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c54-850f-7bf1-a01e-a8685b8982c5\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: membrane\nRegistry id: vr.tr.membrane\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: a pliable sheet of tissue that covers or lines or connects th" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-MEMBRANE", "registryId": "vr.tr.membrane", "name": "membrane", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/membrane/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.membrane", "name": "membrane", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a biological tissue membrane, assess its integrity and function, and identify actions compatible with the structures it covers, lines or connects.", "definition": "A biological membrane is a thin, deformable sheet - ranging from a protein-studded lipid bilayer a few nanometres thick to a millimetre-scale laminate of epithelium and connective tissue - that bounds or partitions a cell, organelle, organ or body cavity and both separates compartments and mediates selective mechanical or molecular exchange.", "scope_statement": "This model owns a membrane as a bounded, pliable biological tissue sheet, including its faces, attachments, local condition and relationships to adjacent structures; whether cellular and noncellular biological membranes belong here remains an explicit boundary question.", "in_scope": [ "Anatomical identity, extent and biological context of the membrane", "Sheet organisation, constituent tissue layers and local specialisations", "Faces, compartments, covered surfaces and attachment relationships", "Mechanical integrity and membrane-specific barrier, exchange or sliding functions", "Observed changes, permissible handling and consequences of disruption" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Whole-organ or whole-organism condition beyond its effects on the membrane", "Contents of adjacent cavities or compartments except where they interact with the membrane", "Molecular transport machinery as an independently modelled system", "Synthetic filtration sheets, packaging films and architectural membranes", "Clinical diagnoses and treatment plans as independently governed decisions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The candidate forms a tissue sheet with identifiable faces and an anatomical covering, lining or connecting relationship, rather than merely being any soft tissue mass.", "Its identity follows a sheet across an anatomical surface or between attachments, rather than following the bulk volume of an organ.", "A cavity is the space bounded by a membrane; the membrane is the material sheet forming part of that boundary.", "Where a named structure includes several tissues, evidence must establish whether the name denotes the membrane itself or a larger composite wall.", "A molecular bilayer or an acellular supporting layer requires an explicit scope decision before it is treated as the tissue sheet described by this registry entry." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Biological and anatomical identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Organism, developmental stage, anatomical name and evidence-supported membrane type; unresolved permitted", "why_it_matters": "A shared name does not establish equivalent structure, function or permissible action across organisms and sites." }, { "name": "Anatomical extent", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Covered, lined or connected structures; boundaries; continuities with neighbouring tissue", "why_it_matters": "Defines which sheet is being assessed and prevents findings from being assigned to an adjacent wall or organ." }, { "name": "Face orientation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Each identifiable face mapped to its adjacent tissue, space or external environment; orientation unknown permitted", "why_it_matters": "Exposure, movement and passage through the sheet depend on which face is involved." }, { "name": "Thickness distribution", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "µm or mm, with location, method and preparation state", "why_it_matters": "Local thickness helps distinguish regions and interpret changes without assuming the whole sheet is uniform." }, { "name": "Tissue organisation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Observed constituent layers, cellular or extracellular components, and regional differences", "why_it_matters": "Identifies which components provide the functions or bear the damage being assessed." }, { "name": "Continuity and defects", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Continuous, normally fenestrated, disrupted or indeterminate; defect location and dimensions", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes expected openings from tears or other losses of integrity." }, { "name": "Mechanical response", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Strain %, force N or pressure Pa, paired with direction, loading conditions and method where measured", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of deformation and loading without treating pliability as proof of strength." }, { "name": "Passage across the membrane", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Substance-specific flux or permeability in method-appropriate units, with direction, driving conditions and measurement area", "why_it_matters": "Passage of one substance does not establish permeability to another or demonstrate general barrier failure." }, { "name": "Attachment and mobility", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Site-specific attachment, sliding, tethering, adhesion or separation; expected condition recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "A sheet can remain continuous while abnormal attachment or restricted movement compromises its role." }, { "name": "Observation context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "In situ, excised, fresh, fixed or otherwise prepared; hydration, loading and observation time", "why_it_matters": "Preparation and environmental conditions can alter apparent thickness, pliability and integrity." } ], "affordances": [ "Map the membrane's extent, faces and attachments against anatomical landmarks.", "Inspect or measure local thickness, continuity and movement using a suitable method.", "Assess passage of a specified substance across a specified region under stated conditions.", "Compare observations over time while accounting for preparation, hydration and loading differences.", "Evaluate proposed sampling, separation, stretching or repair against the membrane's role and the consequences for adjacent structures." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "alberts-mboc", "title": "Molecular Biology of the Cell", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Structure, composition and transport functions of plasma and intracellular membranes; typical bilayer thickness and membrane potential as used in cell biology." }, { "id": "gray-anatomy", "title": "Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Gross-anatomical treatment of mucous, serous, synovial and cutaneous membranes, fetal membranes, tympanic membrane and meninges." }, { "id": "fipat-ta", "title": "Terminologia Anatomica", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Official Latin and English anatomical names for body membranes issued for international anatomical nomenclature." }, { "id": "ross-histology", "title": "Histology: A Text and Atlas", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Histological distinction of the four tissue membranes and of basement membrane layers (lamina lucida, lamina densa, lamina reticularis)." }, { "id": "go-0016020", "title": "Gene Ontology term GO:0016020 membrane", "url": "https://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020", "what_it_supports": "Controlled identifier and cellular-component definition used to annotate gene products to membranes.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "mesh-membranes", "title": "Medical Subject Headings descriptor Membranes (D008566)", "url": "https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D008566", "what_it_supports": "NLM subject heading that groups anatomical and cellular membranes and their main subclasses in biomedical indexing.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "anatomical-sheet-identity", "name": "Anatomical sheet identity", "description": "Establish what tissue sheet is being referred to and where its identity begins and ends.", "rationale": "The word membrane alone does not distinguish a tissue sheet from a molecular boundary, supporting layer or composite organ wall.", "layers": [ { "id": "identity-and-evidence", "name": "Identity and evidence", "description": "Connect the membrane designation to the organism, anatomical site and supporting observation.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-membrane-designation", "name": "Supported membrane designation", "description": "Record what justifies identifying the candidate as a membrane within the registry's tissue-sheet scope.", "questions": [ { "text": "What organism, anatomical site and named tissue sheet does this observation concern?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-membrane-designation-q01" }, { "text": "What anatomical reference or direct observation supports identifying this structure as a tissue membrane?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-membrane-designation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "extent-and-continuity", "name": "Extent and continuity", "description": "Locate the sheet's margins and transitions into neighbouring structures.", "findings": [ { "id": "sheet-boundaries", "name": "Sheet boundaries", "description": "Record how the membrane is delimited when it continues into or shares layers with adjacent tissue.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which landmarks delimit this membrane, and where does it continue into another named tissue?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "sheet-boundaries-q01" }, { "text": "Does the observed name denote this sheet alone or a larger wall containing it?", "kind": "definition", "id": "sheet-boundaries-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "faces-and-attachments", "name": "Faces and attachments", "description": "Represent what each face contacts and how the sheet is anchored or allowed to move.", "rationale": "Membrane function depends on the structures it separates, covers or connects and on its attachment geometry.", "layers": [ { "id": "oriented-interfaces", "name": "Oriented interfaces", "description": "Identify the tissue or space adjacent to each distinguishable face.", "findings": [ { "id": "face-to-compartment-map", "name": "Face-to-compartment map", "description": "Record face orientation and the anatomical consequences of crossing the sheet.", "questions": [ { "text": "What tissue, cavity or environment lies against each face of the membrane?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "face-to-compartment-map-q01" }, { "text": "What observation establishes face orientation, particularly for an excised or folded specimen?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "face-to-compartment-map-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "anchoring-and-relative-motion", "name": "Anchoring and relative motion", "description": "Distinguish attachments that define the membrane from contacts that permit relative movement.", "findings": [ { "id": "attachment-mobility-pattern", "name": "Attachment and mobility pattern", "description": "Record attached, mobile and separated regions relative to the expected anatomy.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where is the membrane attached, and where is relative sliding or separation expected?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "attachment-mobility-pattern-q01" }, { "text": "What displacement or restriction is observed during a specified movement or load?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "attachment-mobility-pattern-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sheet-architecture-and-mechanics", "name": "Sheet architecture and mechanics", "description": "Describe the tissue organisation and deformation behaviour that make this membrane a functional sheet.", "rationale": "Thinness and pliability do not establish composition, directional strength or resistance to tearing.", "layers": [ { "id": "regional-tissue-organisation", "name": "Regional tissue organisation", "description": "Resolve constituent layers and local variation without assuming every membrane has the same construction.", "findings": [ { "id": "layer-and-thickness-profile", "name": "Layer and thickness profile", "description": "Record observed tissue components and thickness across relevant regions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which constituent layers or components are demonstrated, and by what observation method?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "layer-and-thickness-profile-q01" }, { "text": "How does thickness vary by location, and under what preparation and hydration conditions was it measured?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "layer-and-thickness-profile-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "deformation-under-load", "name": "Deformation under load", "description": "Relate bending, stretching and failure observations to their loading conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditional-mechanical-response", "name": "Conditional mechanical response", "description": "Record mechanical behaviour without inferring safe limits from appearance or flexibility alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "What deformation occurs under a specified load, direction and duration?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "conditional-mechanical-response-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence, if any, supports a handling limit for stretching, bending or traction at this site?", "kind": "action", "id": "conditional-mechanical-response-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "barrier-and-surface-function", "name": "Barrier and surface function", "description": "Establish which boundary and surface functions apply to this particular membrane.", "rationale": "A membrane may serve several roles, and the model must not assume that all membranes share the same selectivity or surface behaviour.", "layers": [ { "id": "transmembrane-passage", "name": "Transmembrane passage", "description": "Describe passage through the sheet for specified substances and conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "substance-specific-passage", "name": "Substance-specific passage", "description": "Separate demonstrated transport or leakage from unsupported claims of general permeability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which substance or material is observed crossing the membrane, in which direction and under what driving conditions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "substance-specific-passage-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes passage through tissue from passage through a normal opening, defect or specimen edge?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "substance-specific-passage-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "surface-contact-function", "name": "Surface contact function", "description": "Identify the role and condition of faces that contact adjacent tissues or fluids.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-surface-role", "name": "Supported surface role", "description": "Record evidence for lining, protection or sliding roles and observations relevant to those roles.", "questions": [ { "text": "What role is supported for each face: lining, protection, sliding contact or another demonstrated function?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-surface-role-q01" }, { "text": "What observed surface condition or contact behaviour indicates whether that role is being maintained?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "supported-surface-role-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "integrity-change-and-intervention", "name": "Integrity, change and intervention", "description": "Assess disruption and change, then relate proposed actions to the membrane's anatomical role.", "rationale": "A local tear, separation or alteration can affect compartments and organs beyond the visible sheet.", "layers": [ { "id": "defects-and-evolution", "name": "Defects and evolution", "description": "Distinguish expected features, acquired changes and observation artefacts.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualified-integrity-assessment", "name": "Qualified integrity assessment", "description": "Record defects and temporal changes with evidence for their interpretation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are discontinuities or altered regions, and what are their measured extent and depth through the sheet?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "qualified-integrity-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "What supports classifying each feature as normal anatomy, a biological change or a preparation artefact?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "qualified-integrity-assessment-q02" }, { "text": "Across comparable observations, has the affected region expanded, closed, thickened or otherwise changed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "qualified-integrity-assessment-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "action-consequences", "name": "Action consequences", "description": "Connect proposed handling or intervention to the faces, layers and attachments it would affect.", "findings": [ { "id": "membrane-specific-action-bounds", "name": "Membrane-specific action bounds", "description": "Record the intended action, its evidence requirements and the boundary function that must be preserved or deliberately changed.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which region, face, layer or attachment would the proposed action affect, and what membrane function could change?", "kind": "action", "id": "membrane-specific-action-bounds-q01" }, { "text": "Could the action expose underlying tissue or connect previously separated spaces, and what evidence is needed before proceeding?", "kind": "action", "id": "membrane-specific-action-bounds-q02" }, { "text": "What subsequent observation would establish whether the intended membrane condition was achieved?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "membrane-specific-action-bounds-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "mucous membrane (mucosa) lining tracts open to the exterior", "serous membrane (serosa: pleura, pericardium, peritoneum) lining closed coelomic cavities", "synovial membrane lining diarthrodial joints, bursae and tendon sheaths", "cutaneous membrane (skin) as the dry external covering", "basement membrane, the specialised extracellular-matrix sheet under epithelia and endothelia", "fetal membranes (amnion and chorion) enclosing the conceptus", "plasma membrane (plasmalemma), the cell's outer bilayer", "intracellular membranes (nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, mitochondrial membranes, tonoplast)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q143276", "note": "Item for biological membrane; the plasma membrane is separately Q29548." }, { "scheme": "Gene Ontology", "value_or_pattern": "GO:0016020", "note": "Cellular-component class 'membrane'; subclasses include GO:0005886 plasma membrane." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D008566", "note": "Heading Membranes; related descriptors include D002462 Cell Membrane, D009092 Mucous Membrane, D001582 Basement Membrane, D013583 Synovial Membrane, D012704 Serous Membrane, D005163 Extraembryonic Membranes." }, { "scheme": "Foundational Model of Anatomy", "value_or_pattern": "FMA anatomical-membrane class (numeric FMAID)", "note": "FMA treats membrane as an anatomical entity with mucous, serous, synovial and other subclasses; the exact FMAID was not re-verified in this pass." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Terminologia Anatomica and Terminologia Histologica, Federative International Programme for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT) of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists - govern official names of body membranes.", "Gene Ontology Consortium annotation guidance for GO:0016020 and child terms - governs how gene products are assigned to cellular membranes.", "21 CFR Part 1271 Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration - governs amniotic and other human membrane allografts when used as HCT/Ps.", "Directive 2004/23/EC on quality and safety of human tissues and cells, European Parliament and Council - governs procurement and distribution of human membrane grafts in the EU.", "ICD-11, World Health Organization - classifies disorders of the tympanic membrane, fetal membranes and hyaline-membrane disease, among others." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Mucous-membrane colour, moisture and capillary refill are used as a vital-sign window in veterinary and emergency examination.", "Amniotic membrane is grafted onto the ocular surface to reconstruct cornea and conjunctiva after burns, ulcers or surgery.", "Otoscopy inspects the tympanic membrane for perforation, effusion and otitis media.", "Rheumatologists sample or resect synovium in inflammatory arthritis; arthroscopy visualises synovial villi and pannus.", "Renal pathologists measure glomerular basement-membrane thickness and immune deposits to diagnose Alport syndrome, thin-basement-membrane nephropathy and anti-GBM disease.", "Obstetric care monitors fetal-membrane integrity; preterm premature rupture of membranes is a major cause of preterm birth.", "Drug discovery treats the plasma membrane as the barrier and the seat of receptors, ion channels and transporters.", "Surgeons use serosal surfaces as dissection planes and try to limit serosal injury that seeds adhesions or peritoneal carcinomatosis." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "plasma-membrane thickness", "typical_range": "4-10", "unit": "nm" }, { "quantity": "basement-membrane thickness (general epithelia)", "typical_range": "50-300", "unit": "nm" }, { "quantity": "adult glomerular basement-membrane thickness", "typical_range": "300-350", "unit": "nm" }, { "quantity": "tympanic-membrane thickness (pars tensa)", "typical_range": "0.05-0.15", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "resting membrane potential of typical animal cells", "typical_range": "-90 to -40", "unit": "mV" }, { "quantity": "transepithelial electrical resistance of intact mucosal epithelia", "typical_range": "100-3000", "unit": "ohm·cm²" }, { "quantity": "amnion thickness", "typical_range": "0.02-0.5", "unit": "mm" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Rupture or perforation (tympanic membrane, amniotic membranes, traumatic serosal tears).", "Inflammation of the lining (mucositis, serositis, synovitis, meningitis when meningeal membranes are involved).", "Pathologic thickening or sclerosis (diabetic glomerular basement-membrane thickening, tympanosclerosis, synovial fibrosis).", "Barrier failure with leak of fluid or protein (alveolar-capillary membrane oedema, protein-losing mucosal disease, synovial effusion).", "Autoimmune attack on membrane antigens (anti-GBM/Goodpasture disease, mucous-membrane pemphigoid).", "Neonatal respiratory-distress pathology with intra-alveolar hyaline membranes.", "Post-injury serosal adhesions and neoplastic seeding along serosa (peritoneal or pleural carcinomatosis).", "Loss of selective permeability or membrane potential at the cell scale (lysis, excitotoxicity, channelopathies)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "English clinical speech prefers 'mucous membrane' and 'eardrum'; international anatomical Latin and many European languages use mucosa and membrana tympanica.", "Veterinary practice treats mucous-membrane colour as a routine vital sign; human primary care uses the same signs less systematically.", "The nictitating membrane is a functional third eyelid in most domestic mammals and birds, reduced in humans to the plica semilunaris.", "Botany does not use the mucous/serous/synovial four-fold classification; plant workers distinguish plasma membrane, tonoplast and organelle membranes.", "Some languages and older clinical usage call the hymen a 'vaginal membrane'; that usage is not anatomical standard." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "fascia", "difference": "Fascia is a connective-tissue plane without a free epithelial or mesothelial surface; a true lining membrane has an epithelium or mesothelium on histology." }, { "name": "organ capsule", "difference": "A capsule (for example renal capsule or Glisson's capsule) is dense irregular connective tissue around an organ; a serosa additionally bears mesothelium facing a coelomic cavity." }, { "name": "adventitia", "difference": "Retroperitoneal or mediastinal organs are bound by adventitia rather than serosa; the test is absence of a mesothelial free surface." }, { "name": "cell wall", "difference": "The cell wall is a rigid extracellular polysaccharide or peptidoglycan coat outside the plasma membrane in plants, fungi and bacteria; it is mechanically stiff and chemically not a lipid bilayer." }, { "name": "cuticle", "difference": "A cuticle is an acellular secreted covering (plant, arthropod or tooth); a membrane in this sense is a living cellular sheet or a bilayer." }, { "name": "synthetic filtration membrane", "difference": "Industrial membranes are manufactured polymer, ceramic or metallic barriers; they contain no cells or basement-membrane matrix and are identified by materials specification rather than histology." }, { "name": "mucus (the secretion)", "difference": "Mucus is the gel produced at a mucosal surface; the mucous membrane is the tissue that produces and carries it." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of membrane this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does this registry entry include cellular lipid membranes and acellular basement membranes, or do those belong to separate registered concepts despite sharing the name?", "Which plant structures satisfy the registry's tissue-sheet definition, and which anatomical terms provide reliable examples?", "For named capsules, fasciae and composite organ walls, what criteria determine whether the membrane is the whole registered thing or one constituent?", "Which membrane types require additional characteristics for specialised functions that the general tissue-sheet model does not capture?", "What site-specific reference evidence can distinguish normal variation from impaired integrity or function and support action limits?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched.", "facetsInferred": false, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a membrane, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "a pliable sheet of tissue that covers or lines or connects the organs or cells of animals or plants", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: trophoblast, allantois, chorioallantois, chorioallantoic membrane, axolemma, basilar membrane, caul, veil, embryonic membrane, fetal membrane, cell membrane, cytomembrane.", "60 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a membrane, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "trophoblast", "allantois", "chorioallantois", "chorioallantoic membrane", "axolemma", "basilar membrane", "caul", "veil", "embryonic membrane", "fetal membrane", "cell membrane", "cytomembrane" ] } ], "standing": "60 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one membrane from another, and a membrane from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a membrane sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a membrane from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a membrane is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a membrane and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a membrane is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a membrane passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a membrane between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a membrane, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a membrane is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What membrane is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of membrane, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate membrane from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish membrane from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What membrane does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does membrane pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of membrane judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where membrane lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of membrane, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does membrane hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a membrane came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a membrane and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a membrane is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a membrane, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a membrane, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a membrane is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 7, "layers": 15, "findings": 17, "questions": 45 } } } }