practice

Customary way of acting

Record the pattern of behavior and the evidence supporting its status as customary for particular practitioners.

1. What do practitioners characteristically do, and in which situations? definition
2. Which observations or practitioner accounts establish customary use, for whom and over what period? provenance

Same-practice test

Record which features define the practice and which may vary without changing its identity.

1. Which changes in sequence, participants, tools or manner still count as this practice, and according to whom? boundary
2. What would distinguish a departure from this practice from an instance of a different practice? boundary

Use on eligible occasions

Record observed use relative to relevant opportunities, including omissions and their explanations.

1. What makes an occasion eligible for this practice, and what circumstances exclude it? boundary
2. Across a stated period and practitioner scope, how often was the practice enacted when an eligible occasion occurred? measurement
3. Which missed enactments reflect exceptions, inability to act or declining use? definition

Conditions for performing

Record the conditions that enable enactment and the consequences when those conditions are absent.

1. Which skills, tools, access rights, resources or preceding activities are needed to enact this practice? definition
2. When a needed condition is missing, which substitutions, postponements or interruptions are acceptable? action

Participation and competence

Record who performs the practice, how participation is arranged and how competence is recognised.

1. Who enacts the practice, and which parts require coordination with other participants? definition
2. How do practitioners recognise competent enactment, and whose judgment is accepted or disputed? provenance

Transmission pathways

Record how practitioners learn the practice and which arrangements sustain it as people and circumstances change.

1. How is the practice learned through instruction, observation, participation, repetition or other means? provenance
2. What would enable a new practitioner to participate competently, especially where essential knowledge is tacit? action
3. Which departures of experienced practitioners or losses of shared resources would threaten continuity? boundary

Adherence expectations

Record whether adherence is optional, expected or required, and how these expectations relate to observed enactment.

1. Who expects this practice to be followed, and what supports that expectation? provenance
2. Where does customary enactment differ from formal instructions or stated practitioner expectations? boundary
3. What responses to departure are permitted, and who may authorise an exception? action

Benefits, costs and harms

Record claimed purposes separately from evidence of outcomes and uncertainty about their causes.

1. What reasons do practitioners give for following the practice, including when no explicit purpose is stated? provenance
2. What benefits, costs or harms have been observed, for whom, and against what comparison? measurement
3. What evidence supports attributing those effects to the practice rather than to surrounding conditions? provenance

Continuation or disuse

Record current use and distinguish inactivity caused by absent occasions from suspension or discontinuation.

1. What recent evidence indicates that this practice is emerging, established, intermittent, suspended or discontinued? provenance
2. Does a gap in enactment indicate disuse, or have no eligible occasions occurred? boundary

Change and adoption

Record proposed changes, authority to act, participation needs and evidence that a change has entered actual use.

1. Who can change their own enactment, and which changes require agreement or authorisation from others? action
2. What bounded trial and stopping conditions would allow an adaptation to be assessed? action
3. What observations would show that the revised way has become customary or that the previous way has ceased? measurement

Kinds and varieties

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Identifiers and schemes

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Standards and regulation

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Real-world use

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Typical measurements

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Failure modes and hazards

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Regional variation

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance

Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart

Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.

1. Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of practice this model covers, and on what evidence? provenance