{ "model": { "rank": 3436, "code": "thing-q101680", "model_id": "vr.tr.pinaceae", "name": "Pinaceae", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Pinaceae membership, interpret observations at the correct biological scale, and identify the evidence needed before conservation, cultivation or collection decisions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q101680/", "tier": 2, "score": 86, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 86, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q101680", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101680", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:45:08Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 27.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c53-2a1c-7451-bb0c-1565bc894077\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Pinaceae\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 546 things:\n# Batch 003: 1001 registe", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 89.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c53-2a1a-7d71-b7d7-e6e5aeb7cf3b\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Pinaceae\nRegistry id: vr.tr.pinaceae\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContex" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q101680", "registryId": "vr.tr.pinaceae", "name": "Pinaceae", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q101680/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.pinaceae", "name": "Pinaceae", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Pinaceae membership, interpret observations at the correct biological scale, and identify the evidence needed before conservation, cultivation or collection decisions.", "definition": "Pinaceae is a family of resinous coniferous gymnosperms comprising mostly evergreen trees and some shrubs, typically with needle-like leaves and seed cones bearing two ovules on each fertile scale.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the family-level concept Pinaceae for vr.tr.pinaceae in PHY / PHY.LIV, including diagnostic evidence, taxonomic membership and rules for interpreting records of member species, populations and individuals.", "in_scope": [ "Family circumscription, nomenclatural authority and versioned taxonomic identifiers", "Needle, shoot, cone and seed characters supporting family identification", "Variation in growth, leaf retention and reproductive development among member taxa", "Native-range, habitat and regeneration evidence qualified by member taxon and locality", "Conservation and intervention constraints attached to species, populations or individual plants" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete species models for every member of Pinaceae", "Conifers belonging to neighbouring families", "Timber, pulp, resin and other products detached from living plants", "Forest ecosystems and forestry operations as independent systems", "Pests, pathogens and mycorrhizal fungi as independently modelled organisms" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Pinaceae is a family-level taxon; identification as Pinus establishes a narrower genus assignment, not a synonym for the whole family.", "Examine seed-cone scales and their subtending bracts together: distinct scales and bracts, with two ovules on the upper surface of a fertile scale, support Pinaceae identification. [Kew family description](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A30000468-2/general-information)", "Needle-like leaves may be solitary or grouped; fascicles support particular member identifications but cannot be required throughout the family. [Go Botany family key](https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/family/pinaceae/)", "Needle-like foliage alone does not exclude Cupressaceae; use reproductive characters and a regional key before assigning the family. [Kew family comparison](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A30000468-2/general-information)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Taxonomic concept", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Accepted family name, authority, publication date, backbone identifier and version", "why_it_matters": "Makes membership assertions reproducible when taxonomic treatments differ." }, { "name": "Biological subject", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Family taxon; member taxon; population; individual; specimen; occurrence", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an individual observation or species assessment from becoming a family-wide assertion." }, { "name": "Identification resolution", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unresolved conifer; provisional Pinaceae; confirmed family; resolved genus; resolved species", "why_it_matters": "Controls which ecological interpretations and actions the available evidence supports." }, { "name": "Needle attachment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Solitary; sheathed fascicles; short-shoot clusters; uncertain", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification within the family when recorded alongside shoot structure." }, { "name": "Cone architecture", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Bract-scale relationship, ovule or seed positions, orientation and scale persistence", "why_it_matters": "Provides reproductive evidence for family and narrower taxon recognition." }, { "name": "Needle dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Length and width in mm, with leaf age and sampled shoot", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparison with identification keys without treating all needles as equivalent." }, { "name": "Leaf retention", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Evergreen; seasonally deciduous; uncertain; observation season", "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish expected seasonal behaviour from possible crown damage." }, { "name": "Reproductive condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "No structures observed; pollen cones; receptive seed cones; developing cones; mature cones; released seeds", "why_it_matters": "Separates observed reproductive activity from assumptions about maturity or fertility." }, { "name": "Local establishment status", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Native; planted; naturalised; invasive under a named assessment; uncertain", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes occurrence from native range and qualifies management choices." }, { "name": "Regeneration density", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Seedlings or saplings per hectare, with stage definition and survey date", "why_it_matters": "Tests whether a local member population is recruiting." }, { "name": "Conservation assessment", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Assessed taxon or population, assessment system, category, geography and year", "why_it_matters": "Prevents assigning one conservation category to the entire family." } ], "affordances": [ "Evaluate a proposed Pinaceae identification against documented vegetative and reproductive evidence.", "Resolve a family-level record toward genus or species using an appropriate key.", "Attach dated growth, cone-development and crown-condition observations to individual plants.", "Compare recruitment and establishment among identified member populations.", "Flag collection, planting or treatment proposals that require species identification, local evidence or permission." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "family-identity", "name": "Family identity", "description": "Establish which taxonomic concept the Pinaceae record denotes.", "rationale": "A family name must anchor member records without becoming interchangeable with a genus or specimen.", "layers": [ { "id": "name-and-circumscription", "name": "Name and circumscription", "description": "Resolve nomenclature and the adopted boundary of the family.", "findings": [ { "id": "accepted-family-concept", "name": "Accepted family concept", "description": "Require a cited taxonomic treatment for the accepted name, authority, date and included genera.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which treatment supplies the accepted Pinaceae name, authority and publication date?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "accepted-family-concept-q01" }, { "text": "Which genera does that treatment include, and where do alternative treatments disagree?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "accepted-family-concept-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "record-resolution", "name": "Record resolution", "description": "Keep family identity distinct from records of its members.", "findings": [ { "id": "taxon-and-organism-links", "name": "Taxon and organism links", "description": "Connect backbone identifiers and biological records while retaining their different meanings.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which verified GBIF and NCBI identifiers correspond to the adopted family concept?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "taxon-and-organism-links-q01" }, { "text": "Does this record describe the family, a member species, a population, an individual or a preserved specimen?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "taxon-and-organism-links-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnostic-morphology", "name": "Diagnostic morphology", "description": "Organise the evidence used to recognise Pinaceae and narrow an identification.", "rationale": "Needles and a common name are insufficient evidence for reliable family or species assignment.", "layers": [ { "id": "needles-and-shoots", "name": "Needles and shoots", "description": "Interpret leaf arrangement in its shoot context.", "findings": [ { "id": "leaf-attachment-evidence", "name": "Leaf attachment evidence", "description": "Record solitary needles, fascicles or short-shoot clusters together with observable attachment details.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are needles solitary, in sheathed fascicles or clustered on short shoots?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "leaf-attachment-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which attachment, stomatal and dimensional characters does the applicable identification key require?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "leaf-attachment-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cones-and-seeds", "name": "Cones and seeds", "description": "Use reproductive structures to test the proposed identification.", "findings": [ { "id": "reproductive-character-check", "name": "Reproductive character check", "description": "Document cone structures directly and distinguish missing observations from contradictory evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What bract-scale relationship and ovule or seed positions are visible on intact fertile scales?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproductive-character-check-q01" }, { "text": "Do these characters distinguish the specimen from locally plausible Cupressaceae or other conifers?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "reproductive-character-check-q02" }, { "text": "If cones are absent or damaged, what additional material is needed before confirming Pinaceae?", "kind": "action", "id": "reproductive-character-check-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "development-and-reproduction", "name": "Development and reproduction", "description": "Interpret seasonal and life-stage observations for identified family members.", "rationale": "Leaf loss, absent cones and seed production have different meanings across taxa and developmental stages.", "layers": [ { "id": "growth-and-seasonality", "name": "Growth and seasonality", "description": "Separate developmental stage and expected seasonal change from decline.", "findings": [ { "id": "stage-and-leaf-retention", "name": "Stage and leaf retention", "description": "Qualify stage and crown observations by member taxon, season and observation method.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence supports classifying this plant as a seedling, sapling or reproductively mature individual?", "kind": "definition", "id": "stage-and-leaf-retention-q01" }, { "text": "Is observed needle loss consistent with the identified taxon's seasonal leaf-retention pattern?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "stage-and-leaf-retention-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cone-and-seed-cycle", "name": "Cone and seed cycle", "description": "Track reproductive structures through development and seed release.", "findings": [ { "id": "reproductive-timing-and-output", "name": "Reproductive timing and output", "description": "Record pollen and seed-cone activity without interpreting one observation as a permanent individual sex or proof of viable seed.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which pollen and seed-cone stages occur on the observed individual, and on what dates?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproductive-timing-and-output-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes cone maturation, seed release and seed viability for this member taxon?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reproductive-timing-and-output-q02" }, { "text": "Could absent reproductive structures reflect age, season or incomplete crown inspection?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "reproductive-timing-and-output-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-establishment", "name": "Range and establishment", "description": "Connect member occurrences to geographic origin, site conditions and recruitment.", "rationale": "A family occurrence does not establish native status, habitat suitability or successful regeneration.", "layers": [ { "id": "geographic-origin", "name": "Geographic origin", "description": "Distinguish native distribution from planting and subsequent spread.", "findings": [ { "id": "occurrence-origin-evidence", "name": "Occurrence origin evidence", "description": "Require taxon-specific evidence for the status of a local occurrence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which flora, specimen records or planting records establish the member taxon's status at this locality?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "occurrence-origin-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Does the record represent a wild population, a planted individual or recruitment beyond cultivation?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "occurrence-origin-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "site-and-recruitment", "name": "Site and recruitment", "description": "Assess establishment using local conditions and stage-specific observations.", "findings": [ { "id": "regeneration-context", "name": "Regeneration context", "description": "Relate seedling recruitment to measured site conditions and documented member-specific requirements.", "questions": [ { "text": "What elevation, substrate, moisture, light and disturbance conditions accompany observed recruitment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "regeneration-context-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence connects seed supply, germination conditions or mycorrhizal partners to establishment at this site?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "regeneration-context-q02" }, { "text": "Do repeated surveys show seedling survival and transition into later stages?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "regeneration-context-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-permitted-intervention", "name": "Condition and permitted intervention", "description": "Connect member-specific condition and conservation evidence to proposed actions.", "rationale": "Family identification alone cannot justify diagnosis, seed transfer, collection or removal.", "layers": [ { "id": "health-and-conservation", "name": "Health and conservation", "description": "Keep individual symptoms, population trends and taxon assessments separate.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-at-the-right-scale", "name": "Condition at the right scale", "description": "Attach observations and assessments to their actual subjects and dates.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dated IUCN or regional assessment applies to the identified member taxon and geography?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "condition-at-the-right-scale-q01" }, { "text": "What observations distinguish expected needle turnover from crown damage requiring investigation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-at-the-right-scale-q02" }, { "text": "Does the evidence support an individual health concern, a population decline or a broader conservation conclusion?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "condition-at-the-right-scale-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "collection-planting-and-treatment", "name": "Collection, planting and treatment", "description": "Determine whether a proposed intervention has adequate identification and local support.", "findings": [ { "id": "intervention-readiness", "name": "Intervention readiness", "description": "Require relevant provenance, site and permission evidence before operational recommendations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is identification sufficiently resolved for the proposed collection, planting, treatment or removal?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "What seed-source, site-suitability and plant-health evidence supports moving or planting this material?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "intervention-readiness-q02" }, { "text": "Which landowner permissions and locally applicable protections govern the proposed action?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-readiness-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The kinds listed are representative genera, not an exhaustive classification or formal botanical varieties.", "Verify the nomenclatural authority and date, current family circumscription, and exact database identifiers before publication.", "Native range, dimensions, reproductive timing and conservation status require species-specific treatment; no family-wide numerical ranges or Red List status are asserted." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Pinus (pines)", "Picea (spruces)", "Abies (firs)", "Larix (larches)", "Cedrus (true cedars)", "Pseudotsuga (Douglas-firs)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Botanical nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Pinaceae", "note": "A family name based on the type genus Pinus; this taxon has no species-level binomial." }, { "scheme": "GBIF taxon key", "value_or_pattern": "Integer taxon identifier", "note": "Distinguish the family's record from records for its constituent genera and species." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "Integer Taxonomy ID", "note": "Identifies a taxonomic node used to organize sequence records." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, adopted through International Botanical Congresses, governs the scientific naming of the family and its constituent taxa.", "The IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, issued by IUCN, support extinction-risk assessments of constituent species; a single species-level assessment does not describe the whole family." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Timber for construction, joinery and engineered wood products.", "Wood pulp for paper and related products.", "Resin products, including rosin and turpentine from selected species.", "Ornamental planting, Christmas trees and windbreaks.", "Edible seeds marketed as pine nuts from selected Pinus species." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Drought and heat can impair growth and survival, with susceptibility differing among species and sites.", "Bark beetles and other insect pests can cause extensive mortality, particularly in stressed stands.", "Fungal pathogens can cause root disease, needle disease and rust infections.", "Wildfire can kill stands; fire tolerance and regeneration strategies vary substantially among taxa.", "Some species become invasive when planted outside their native ranges." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Native diversity is concentrated in the Northern Hemisphere, across boreal, temperate and mountain environments.", "Some members occur in subtropical or tropical mountains, and native Pinus distribution extends slightly into the Southern Hemisphere in Southeast Asia.", "Plantations and ornamental introductions extend the family's cultivated distribution far beyond its native range." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Pinus", "difference": "Pinus is one genus within Pinaceae; the family also includes spruces, firs, larches and other genera." }, { "name": "Cupressaceae", "difference": "A separate conifer family containing cypresses, junipers and redwoods; cone structure and foliage characters distinguish it from Pinaceae." }, { "name": "Conifers", "difference": "Conifers are the broader group containing Pinaceae and several other families." }, { "name": "Individual pine tree", "difference": "An individual is a particular organism belonging to a species; Pinaceae is a family-level taxon encompassing many species and populations." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Pinaceae this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which existing Vercy publication, if any, already owns Pinaceae or the reusable conifer-level model that this entry should reference?", "Which taxonomic treatment should govern the accepted family authority, publication date, included genera and verified GBIF and NCBI identifiers?", "Should this registry concept include extinct Pinaceae and fossil assignments, and what evidence would govern their inclusion?", "Which regional keys and documented exceptions are needed to make the proposed morphological tests reliable across all included genera?", "Which member-level range, reproductive, ecological and dated conservation sources must be linked before this structural draft supports operational decisions?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 33 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Pinaceae, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise Pinaceae membership, interpret observations at the correct biological scale, and identify the evidence needed before conservation, cultivation or collection decisions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 86 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Pinaceae, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 86 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Pinaceae from another, and a Pinaceae from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Pinaceae sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Pinaceae from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Pinaceae is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a Pinaceae and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Pinaceae is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Pinaceae is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Pinaceae is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Pinaceae moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Pinaceae passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Pinaceae between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Pinaceae, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Pinaceae is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What Pinaceae is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of Pinaceae, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate Pinaceae from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish Pinaceae from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What Pinaceae does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does Pinaceae pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of Pinaceae judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where Pinaceae lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of Pinaceae, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does Pinaceae hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Pinaceae came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Pinaceae and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Pinaceae is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Pinaceae, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Pinaceae, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Pinaceae is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }