{ "model": { "rank": 3085, "code": "thing-q102014", "model_id": "vr.tr.hyperlink", "name": "hyperlink", "purpose": "Let an agent explain hyperlinks and how they work, write accessible and useful link text, manage links in websites and documents, and explain legal and security aspects of linking.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q102014/", "tier": 2, "score": 91, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ ".io game", "interwiki prefix", "click here", "interwiki link", "canonical link element", "external link", "affiliate link", "internal link", "link resolver", "skip link", "deep link", "image map", "absolute link", "backlinks", "wikilink", "sitelink", "red link", "sitelink to redirect", "mobile deep linking", "deferred deep linking" ], "aliasCount": 20, "merged": 20, "knownIn": 91, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q102014", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102014", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T20:38:30Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q102014", "registryId": "vr.tr.hyperlink", "name": "hyperlink", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q102014/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.hyperlink", "name": "hyperlink", "purpose": "Let an agent explain hyperlinks and how they work, write accessible and useful link text, manage links in websites and documents, and explain legal and security aspects of linking.", "definition": "A reference in a document or web page that a reader can follow, usually by clicking, to reach another location, document or resource, including external links, internal anchors, interwiki links and canonical link elements; hyperlinks are the basis of the web and hypertext and are governed by accessibility, usability and legal considerations.", "what_it_is_for": "Connecting documents and resources.", "affordances": [ "explain how hyperlinks work", "write accessible link text", "manage and check links", "explain legal and security aspects" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Followable reference", "Source and target", "Basis of the web", "Accessibility rules" ], "appearance": "Underlined or highlighted text or images that can be followed.", "visual_identification": [ "Clickable references", "URLs as targets", "A citation without a link is a reference only" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "external links", "internal links and anchors", "interwiki links", "canonical and relationship links", "links in documents and apps" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "reference", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "information processing", "why": "web technology" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "computer security", "why": "malicious links" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "encyclopedia", "why": "wiki links" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "HTML and URL standards", "WCAG accessibility guidelines for links", "Copyright and linking case law" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Broken links", "Inaccessible link text such as click here", "Malicious and deceptive links" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "write", "name": "Write", "description": "Good links.", "rationale": "Accessible text.", "layers": [ { "id": "text", "name": "Text", "description": "Link text.", "findings": [ { "id": "text-finding", "name": "Text", "description": "Link text.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this link text describe the destination, rather than click here?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How should it be rewritten?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "markup", "name": "Markup", "description": "Creating links.", "findings": [ { "id": "markup-finding", "name": "Markup", "description": "Markup.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is a hyperlink written in HTML, Markdown or this document format?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "When should a link open in the same window?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "manage", "name": "Manage", "description": "Maintaining links.", "rationale": "Links rot.", "layers": [ { "id": "check", "name": "Check", "description": "Checking links.", "findings": [ { "id": "check-finding", "name": "Check", "description": "Checking.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which links on this site or document are broken, and how can they be fixed or archived?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which tools check links?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "structure", "name": "Structure", "description": "Internal linking.", "findings": [ { "id": "structure-finding", "name": "Structure", "description": "Internal linking.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should internal links and canonical elements be structured for navigation and search?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "What are interwiki links?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "safety", "name": "Safety", "description": "Security.", "rationale": "Links can deceive.", "layers": [ { "id": "malicious", "name": "Malicious", "description": "Suspicious links.", "findings": [ { "id": "malicious-finding", "name": "Malicious", "description": "Suspicious links.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this link look deceptive or malicious, and how can its destination be checked safely?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What should a user do if they clicked it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "privacy", "name": "Privacy", "description": "Tracking links.", "findings": [ { "id": "privacy-finding", "name": "Privacy", "description": "Tracking.", "questions": [ { "text": "Do these links carry tracking parameters, and how can they be cleaned?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which rules apply to tracking?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Legal aspects and history.", "rationale": "Linking and rights.", "layers": [ { "id": "legal", "name": "Legal", "description": "Linking law.", "findings": [ { "id": "legal-finding", "name": "Legal", "description": "Linking law.", "questions": [ { "text": "What have courts said about linking to copyrighted or unlawful content?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking for legal advice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History of hypertext.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did hypertext and hyperlinks develop, according to historians of computing?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which ideas were key?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should URL be a separate entry?", "How should accessibility guidance be linked?", "How should link law be localised?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a hyperlink, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain hyperlinks and how they work, write accessible and useful link text, manage links in websites and documents, and explain legal and security aspects of linking.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: .io game, interwiki prefix, click here, interwiki link, canonical link element, external link, affiliate link, internal link, link resolver, skip link, deep link, image map.", "20 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 91 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a hyperlink, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ ".io game", "interwiki prefix", "click here", "interwiki link", "canonical link element", "external link", "affiliate link", "internal link", "link resolver", "skip link", "deep link", "image map" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 91 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 20 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one hyperlink from another, and a hyperlink from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a hyperlink sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a hyperlink from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a hyperlink passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a hyperlink between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a hyperlink, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a hyperlink is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What hyperlink is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of hyperlink are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is hyperlink operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of hyperlink and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of hyperlink?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as hyperlink?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a hyperlink came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a hyperlink and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a hyperlink is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a hyperlink, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a hyperlink, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a hyperlink is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }