{ "model": { "rank": 5524, "code": "thing-q104219", "model_id": "vr.tr.bilirubin", "name": "bilirubin", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify bilirubin, distinguish its molecular and measured forms, assess material or specimen integrity, and determine appropriate handling and analytical use.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q104219/", "tier": 2, "score": 66, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 66, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q104219", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104219", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:33:30Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0884d-0a3b-7541-b39f-35d2436c3e5b\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bilirubin\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.MAT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regis", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0884d-0a4c-7760-9da2-46a55299b9b4\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bilirubin\nRegistry id: vr.tr.bilirubin\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q104219", "registryId": "vr.tr.bilirubin", "name": "bilirubin", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q104219/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.bilirubin", "name": "bilirubin", "purpose": "Enable an agent to identify bilirubin, distinguish its molecular and measured forms, assess material or specimen integrity, and determine appropriate handling and analytical use.", "definition": "Bilirubin is a yellow-orange, open-chain tetrapyrrolic pigment formed during heme degradation by reduction of biliverdin, occurring predominantly as bilirubin IXα in humans and undergoing hepatic conjugation before biliary excretion.", "scope_statement": "This model owns bilirubin as a chemical substance under vr.tr.bilirubin in PHY / PHY.MAT, including its identity, material state, biological associations, transformations and measurement semantics; related conjugates and assay fractions are represented explicitly without treating them as interchangeable substances.", "in_scope": [ "Bilirubin molecular identity, isomer specification and authoritative substance identifiers", "Purity, formulation, solubility and stability of bilirubin materials", "Relationships to unconjugated, conjugated and albumin-associated forms", "Bilirubin concentration, specimen context and assay-defined fractions", "Transformations relevant to storage, analysis and biological disposition", "Evidence supporting handling restrictions and fitness for analytical use" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Diagnosis and management of jaundice or underlying diseases", "Patient-level interpretation of bilirubin results and treatment thresholds", "Complete models of heme metabolism, liver function or biliary transport", "Analytical instruments, assay kits and commercial products containing bilirubin", "Independent substance models for biliverdin, bilirubin conjugates and downstream metabolites" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Confirm molecular identity rather than identifying bilirubin solely by yellow coloration or a reported bile-pigment label.", "Distinguish bilirubin from biliverdin through structure-sensitive evidence; their metabolic relationship does not make them the same substance.", "Distinguish unconjugated bilirubin from its glucuronide conjugates by the presence or absence of conjugating groups.", "Distinguish unbound bilirubin, reversibly albumin-bound bilirubin and covalently albumin-associated delta bilirubin.", "Treat total, direct and indirect bilirubin as measurement labels whose molecular coverage depends on the method, rather than as three pure chemical identities." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Molecular identity and isomer", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Structure identifier; molecular formula; specified isomer or unresolved isomer composition", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a broad bilirubin label from concealing differences in molecular structure or photochemical products." }, { "name": "Authoritative identifier mapping", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Verified CAS, PubChem and applicable EC records, each linked to its exact chemical scope", "why_it_matters": "Connects evidence and supplier records without transferring identifiers between parent bilirubin, derivatives and mixtures." }, { "name": "Conjugation and protein association", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Unconjugated; specified conjugate; unbound; reversibly protein-bound; delta bilirubin; unresolved mixture", "why_it_matters": "Chemical modification and protein association affect transport, analytical response and the meaning of a reported amount." }, { "name": "Material composition and purity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction or percentage, with analytical basis, impurities and formulation components", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether a material can support preparation of standards or other quantitative uses." }, { "name": "Physical state and medium", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Solid, dissolved, suspended or precipitated; solvent or biological matrix; pH; temperature in °C", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes nominally added bilirubin from bilirubin actually present in a usable dissolved state." }, { "name": "Solubility under specified conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mol/L or mg/L, with chemical form, solvent, pH, temperature and equilibration method", "why_it_matters": "Supports preparation and dilution decisions without assuming solubility transfers between media." }, { "name": "Bilirubin amount or concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "µmol/L, mg/dL or material-appropriate amount units, with measurand and matrix", "why_it_matters": "A numerical value is usable only when its chemical coverage and measurement context are explicit." }, { "name": "Analytical fraction and method", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Total; direct-reacting; calculated indirect; unbound; structurally resolved species; named method", "why_it_matters": "Prevents assay fractions from being mistaken for exact molecular speciation." }, { "name": "Exposure and stability state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Documented light, oxygen, temperature and time history; stability demonstrated, compromised or unknown", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of whether transformation or loss has made a material or result unreliable." }, { "name": "Optical response", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Absorption spectrum; wavelength in nm; absorbance or molar absorptivity with medium and binding conditions", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification and quantification while preserving dependencies on the chemical environment." }, { "name": "Applicable hazard evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Current supplier SDS, formulation, jurisdiction and assessment date; unavailable where unverified", "why_it_matters": "Grounds handling decisions in the actual material rather than inferring a universal classification." } ], "affordances": [ "Resolve a bilirubin label to a supported chemical identity and flag ambiguous form assignments.", "Assess whether a stock, reference material or specimen is suitable for a specified bilirubin measurement.", "Select documented preparation, storage and light-protection conditions for the specified form and medium.", "Compare or convert concentration results when measurands, units and molecular-mass assumptions are compatible.", "Trace bilirubin conjugation, binding and transformation relationships without merging distinct species.", "Identify when unresolved assay coverage, degradation or matrix effects require additional analysis." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "bilirubin-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "Bilirubin identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes what chemical entity a bilirubin record denotes and separates it from related pigments and derivatives.", "rationale": "The same name can refer to a parent substance, an isomer-specific material or a biological mixture.", "layers": [ { "id": "parent-structure-and-isomers", "name": "Parent structure and isomers", "description": "Connects the bilirubin name to structural evidence and the specificity of the supplied material.", "findings": [ { "id": "structure-supported-identity", "name": "Structure-supported identity", "description": "Record the supported structure, isomer assignment and identifier scope instead of relying on pigment appearance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record denote a specified bilirubin isomer, a mixture or bilirubin with unresolved isomer composition?", "kind": "definition", "id": "structure-supported-identity-q01" }, { "text": "Which authoritative records or analytical evidence support the structure and each assigned substance identifier?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "structure-supported-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "related-pigments-and-derivatives", "name": "Related pigments and derivatives", "description": "Defines how conjugates, photoproducts and metabolically related pigments connect to the parent entry.", "findings": [ { "id": "parent-versus-related-species", "name": "Parent versus related species", "description": "Represent chemical relationships explicitly so related molecules are not silently counted as parent bilirubin.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which components are parent bilirubin, and which are conjugates, biliverdin or other transformation products?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "parent-versus-related-species-q01" }, { "text": "Does the intended use require separate species records, or is an explicitly defined mixture sufficient?", "kind": "action", "id": "parent-versus-related-species-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "bilirubin-material-and-stability", "name": "Bilirubin material and stability", "description": "Describes bilirubin preparations, their usable dissolved state and evidence of preservation or transformation.", "rationale": "Nominal bilirubin content alone cannot establish that a preparation remains suitable for quantitative use.", "layers": [ { "id": "purity-and-dissolution", "name": "Purity and dissolution", "description": "Captures composition and the conditions under which bilirubin is dissolved or dispersed.", "findings": [ { "id": "usable-bilirubin-content", "name": "Usable bilirubin content", "description": "Distinguish weighed material, purity-corrected content and verified dissolved bilirubin.", "questions": [ { "text": "What purity assignment, water content and identified impurities support the stated bilirubin amount?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-bilirubin-content-q01" }, { "text": "At the recorded solvent composition, pH and temperature, is bilirubin fully dissolved, suspended or precipitated?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-bilirubin-content-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "light-and-storage-history", "name": "Light and storage history", "description": "Records exposures and validation evidence relevant to bilirubin stability.", "findings": [ { "id": "preservation-and-transformation", "name": "Preservation and transformation", "description": "Assess retention of the intended bilirubin species using documented storage history and suitable analytical evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What light exposure, oxygen exposure, temperature and elapsed storage time are documented for this preparation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "preservation-and-transformation-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports continued use, remeasurement or rejection after possible photoisomerization, oxidation or precipitation?", "kind": "action", "id": "preservation-and-transformation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "bilirubin-biological-form-and-disposition", "name": "Bilirubin biological form and disposition", "description": "Represents conjugation, protein association and compartment relationships needed to understand bilirubin in biological material.", "rationale": "Biological bilirubin records require distinctions that a pure-substance description cannot supply.", "layers": [ { "id": "conjugation-and-albumin-association", "name": "Conjugation and albumin association", "description": "Separates chemical conjugation from reversible binding and covalent albumin association.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-and-binding-assignment", "name": "Form and binding assignment", "description": "State which molecular forms and binding states are demonstrated, inferred or unresolved.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence distinguishes unconjugated bilirubin, specified glucuronides and delta bilirubin in this material?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "form-and-binding-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "Does 'free bilirubin' mean unbound bilirubin here, and how is it distinguished from total unconjugated bilirubin?", "kind": "definition", "id": "form-and-binding-assignment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "compartments-and-transformations", "name": "Compartments and transformations", "description": "Connects bilirubin observations to biological matrices and transformation relationships.", "findings": [ { "id": "matrix-specific-disposition", "name": "Matrix-specific disposition", "description": "Preserve specimen compartment and relevant precursor or product relationships without expanding into a complete physiological model.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was bilirubin observed in serum, plasma, urine, bile, tissue or another matrix, and which forms were actually established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "matrix-specific-disposition-q01" }, { "text": "Which formation, conjugation or elimination relationships are needed to interpret this observation, and which belong in a separate physiology model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "matrix-specific-disposition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "bilirubin-measurement-and-fitness-for-use", "name": "Bilirubin measurement and fitness for use", "description": "Defines what a bilirubin result measures and whether the supporting material and method fit the intended action.", "rationale": "Bilirubin assay terminology, matrix effects and material quality can change the meaning of apparently comparable values.", "layers": [ { "id": "measurands-and-assay-fractions", "name": "Measurands and assay fractions", "description": "Connects reported fractions to analytical methods and explicit calculation rules.", "findings": [ { "id": "reported-fraction-semantics", "name": "Reported fraction semantics", "description": "Keep total, direct, indirect and unbound results tied to their operational definitions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which bilirubin species contribute to this method's total or direct result, including any contribution from delta bilirubin?", "kind": "definition", "id": "reported-fraction-semantics-q01" }, { "text": "Is indirect bilirubin calculated from compatible total and direct measurements, and how are uncertainty and inconsistent results handled?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "reported-fraction-semantics-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "analytical-quality-and-material-use", "name": "Analytical quality and material use", "description": "Assesses calibration, matrix compatibility, specimen integrity and applicable handling evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "bilirubin-result-comparability", "name": "Bilirubin result comparability", "description": "Establish whether calibration and analytical conditions justify comparison or conversion of bilirubin results.", "questions": [ { "text": "What calibration traceability, matrix compatibility and interference evidence support the bilirubin result?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "bilirubin-result-comparability-q01" }, { "text": "Can these results be compared or converted using a shared measurand and justified molecular-mass basis?", "kind": "action", "id": "bilirubin-result-comparability-q02" } ] }, { "id": "preparation-use-decision", "name": "Preparation use decision", "description": "Tie permissible handling and analytical use to the actual bilirubin preparation and its documented condition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current SDS and supplier instructions apply to this bilirubin form, concentration and formulation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "preparation-use-decision-q01" }, { "text": "Do identity, purity, stability and matrix evidence support the proposed use as a stock solution, calibrator or control?", "kind": "action", "id": "preparation-use-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This description is recalled knowledge, without consulted sources; it covers the biological pigment and its clinically distinguished forms.", "Verify isomer-specific identity, purity, solubility conditions, thermal behavior, and supplier-specific hazard classification before creating a chemical specification.", "Clinical reference intervals and intervention thresholds require age, assay, and clinical context; none are asserted here." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Unconjugated bilirubin", "Bilirubin monoglucuronide", "Bilirubin diglucuronide", "Delta bilirubin: conjugated bilirubin covalently bound to albumin" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "635-65-4", "note": "Identifier for bilirubin; conjugates and analytical fractions should not automatically inherit this identity." }, { "scheme": "Molecular formula", "value_or_pattern": "C33H36N4O6", "note": "Composition of unconjugated bilirubin; the formula alone does not distinguish isomers." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Serum or plasma measurement to assess bilirubin metabolism in investigations of jaundice, hemolysis, hepatocellular injury, and biliary obstruction.", "Measurement in newborns to support assessment of neonatal jaundice.", "Urinary bilirubin testing as evidence of water-soluble conjugated bilirubin excretion.", "Use as a laboratory calibrator or control material and as a research reagent." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass of unconjugated bilirubin", "typical_range": "584.66", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Conversion between bilirubin mass and amount concentrations", "typical_range": "1 mg/dL corresponds to approximately 17.1 µmol/L", "unit": "mg/dL and µmol/L" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Excess unbound unconjugated bilirubin can cause neurotoxicity, particularly in newborns, including bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus.", "Light exposure can change or degrade bilirubin in specimens and standards, compromising measurement.", "Limited aqueous solubility of unconjugated bilirubin complicates reagent preparation and makes solvent, pH, and protein binding relevant.", "Treating direct bilirubin as identical to conjugated bilirubin can mislead interpretation because analytical methods may also measure delta bilirubin.", "Elevated bilirubin can interfere with other laboratory assays; the effect depends on the method." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Laboratories commonly report bilirubin in mg/dL or µmol/L, with the preferred unit varying by country and institution.", "Reference intervals and analytical fraction definitions vary with laboratory methods and patient populations." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Biliverdin", "difference": "Biliverdin is the green heme-breakdown pigment reduced by biliverdin reductase to form bilirubin." }, { "name": "Heme", "difference": "Heme is an iron-containing cyclic tetrapyrrole; bilirubin is an iron-free, open-chain degradation product." }, { "name": "Urobilinogen", "difference": "Urobilinogen comprises downstream, relatively colorless products formed through intestinal microbial metabolism of bilirubin." }, { "name": "Jaundice", "difference": "Jaundice is yellow discoloration of tissues caused by bilirubin accumulation, rather than the substance itself." }, { "name": "Total, direct, and indirect bilirubin", "difference": "These are laboratory reporting categories rather than three discrete substances; indirect bilirubin is commonly calculated as total minus direct." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of bilirubin this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend bilirubin to denote a specific native isomer or a broader chemical family, and does an existing world model already own that scope?", "Which verified CAS, PubChem and EC records match the chosen parent-substance and isomer boundary?", "Which quantitative solubility, optical and thermal properties are supported for defined forms and conditions, including whether thermal observations describe decomposition rather than a phase transition?", "Which storage and exposure limits preserve each intended bilirubin preparation or specimen, and how should stability be demonstrated?", "Which method-specific fraction definitions, interference data and jurisdiction-specific hazard or exposure records must be attached before operational use?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 17, "questions": 26 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a bilirubin, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to identify bilirubin, distinguish its molecular and measured forms, assess material or specimen integrity, and determine appropriate handling and analytical use.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a bilirubin, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one bilirubin from another, and a bilirubin from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a bilirubin sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a bilirubin from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a bilirubin is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a bilirubin is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a bilirubin is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a bilirubin is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a bilirubin is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a bilirubin is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a bilirubin passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a bilirubin between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a bilirubin, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a bilirubin is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a bilirubin and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a bilirubin is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a bilirubin performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a bilirubin.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a bilirubin at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a bilirubin there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What bilirubin is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name bilirubin unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of bilirubin exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How bilirubin behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of bilirubin, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is bilirubin incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How bilirubin can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is bilirubin classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover bilirubin, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a bilirubin came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a bilirubin and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a bilirubin is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a bilirubin, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a bilirubin, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a bilirubin is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }