{ "model": { "rank": 4476, "code": "thing-q104526", "model_id": "vr.tr.pipe", "name": "pipe", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a pipe as a hollow conduit, assess its suitability and condition for a specified service, and identify the evidence needed before installation, operation or repair.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q104526/", "tier": 2, "score": 75, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Daya pu", "dudeen", "kiseru", "clay pipe", "opium pipe", "ceremonial pipe", "corncob pipe", "Churchwarden pipe", "meerschaum pipe", "chibouk", "Gouda clay pipe" ], "aliasCount": 11, "merged": 11, "knownIn": 75, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.pipe-artifact", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q104526", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104526", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:18:26Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 25.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d1-6d60-7c63-b064-07fc85f2f4a9\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: pipe\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registered ", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 62.4, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087d1-6d56-7bd2-81be-da2ff04dffa7\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: pipe\nRegistry id: vr.tr.pipe\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for th" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q104526", "registryId": "vr.tr.pipe", "name": "pipe", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q104526/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.pipe", "name": "pipe", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a pipe as a hollow conduit, assess its suitability and condition for a specified service, and identify the evidence needed before installation, operation or repair.", "definition": "A pipe is a hollow, usually circular-section manufactured object intended primarily to convey fluids or other flowable materials, typically as a component of a connected piping system.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the physical conduit sense of pipe: a manufactured hollow length intended to convey a fluid or other transportable medium, including its wall, bore, ends and integral protective treatments; registry confirmation of this sense remains open.", "in_scope": [ "Pipe geometry, bore continuity, wall dimensions and end preparation", "Wall materials, manufacturing construction, linings and coatings", "Declared service, transported medium and operating limits", "Interfaces with joints, supports and connected equipment", "Pipe condition, inspection evidence and readiness for an intended action" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Complete piping networks, their routing and hydraulic design", "Separate fittings, valves, pumps, connectors and support assemblies", "The transported substance and its independent material model", "Structural hollow sections whose intended role is load bearing rather than conveyance", "Smoking pipes, musical pipes and software pipes" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Has an enclosed longitudinal bore intended to provide a passage for a transported medium, unlike a solid rod or an open channel.", "Primarily provides a conduit length; a component whose principal purpose is branching, joining or changing flow direction may instead be a fitting.", "Its declared purpose includes conveyance; a similar hollow section used only as a structural member does not meet the assumed scope.", "Classification against tube, hose or duct requires intended service and the applicable product designation; shape, flexibility or diameter alone is insufficient." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Intended service", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Declared medium and service, such as water supply, drainage, gas conveyance or process transport; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Establishes which compatibility, cleanliness and operating requirements need evaluation." }, { "name": "Nominal size designation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Designation with its sizing system and referenced document", "why_it_matters": "Supports product identification without treating a nominal label as a measured bore or outside diameter." }, { "name": "Cross-sectional dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Outside diameter, inside diameter or noncircular dimensions in mm, with measurement location", "why_it_matters": "Determines passage geometry and dimensional compatibility with mating components." }, { "name": "Wall thickness", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Nominal and measured thickness in mm, including minimum measured thickness and location", "why_it_matters": "Supports evaluation of containment capability and local wall loss." }, { "name": "Length", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm or m, stating whether overall or effective installed length", "why_it_matters": "Affects fit, handling and the amount of conduit provided." }, { "name": "Wall construction", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Material grade and construction, such as seamless, welded, extruded, cast or multilayer; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Influences joining methods, degradation mechanisms and inspection choices." }, { "name": "Lining and coating", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Internal and external treatment, material and coverage; absent; unknown", "why_it_matters": "May govern medium compatibility, corrosion protection and preparation for joining." }, { "name": "Declared operating envelope", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked rating evidence stating pressure in kPa or bar, temperature in °C, service conditions and applicable restrictions", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a pressure value from being used without its temperature, material and service qualifications." }, { "name": "End interface", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Plain, bevelled, threaded, socket, spigot, flanged or other declared configuration, with dimensions and designation", "why_it_matters": "Determines which joints and preparation methods may be compatible." }, { "name": "Integrity and bore condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Recorded defects, obstruction, leakage and contamination, with inspection method, extent and date; unassessed", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes observed condition from an unsupported claim that the pipe is fit for service." } ], "affordances": [ "Compare a candidate pipe with a specified medium, geometry, environment and operating envelope.", "Check dimensional and material compatibility with proposed joints and connected components.", "Identify suitable evidence for inspecting wall integrity, end condition and bore accessibility.", "Determine whether cutting, joining, lining or cleaning is supported by the pipe construction and applicable procedure.", "Flag a pipe for further assessment, restricted use or replacement when condition or rating evidence is insufficient." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "conduit-identity-and-boundary", "name": "Conduit identity and boundary", "description": "Establishes the intended pipe sense and the physical extent represented by an observation.", "rationale": "Hollow products can look alike while belonging to different kinds, and a pipe length must not be confused with its surrounding piping system.", "layers": [ { "id": "pipe-kind-recognition", "name": "Pipe kind recognition", "description": "Tests whether an item is a conveyance pipe within the assumed registry sense.", "findings": [ { "id": "conveyance-role", "name": "Conveyance role", "description": "Record the intended passage function and evidence supporting classification as a pipe.", "questions": [ { "text": "What medium or class of media is the hollow passage intended to convey?", "kind": "definition", "id": "conveyance-role-q01" }, { "text": "What designation or intended use distinguishes this item from tube, hose, duct or structural hollow section?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "conveyance-role-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "pipe-extent", "name": "Pipe extent", "description": "Separates the pipe body and integral features from neighbouring components.", "findings": [ { "id": "length-and-component-boundaries", "name": "Length and component boundaries", "description": "Identify the ends of the represented pipe length and the ownership of attached features.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where does the represented pipe begin and end: at cut faces, joint interfaces or another documented boundary?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "length-and-component-boundaries-q01" }, { "text": "Which sockets, flanges, liners or other features are integral to this pipe, and which are separate connected components?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "length-and-component-boundaries-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "bore-wall-and-construction", "name": "Bore, wall and construction", "description": "Captures the dimensions and construction that create the transport passage and containing wall.", "rationale": "Nominal size alone cannot establish passage capacity, mating dimensions or the condition of the containing wall.", "layers": [ { "id": "passage-and-wall-geometry", "name": "Passage and wall geometry", "description": "Separates size designations from measured geometry.", "findings": [ { "id": "dimensional-basis", "name": "Dimensional basis", "description": "Record bore, outside dimensions, thickness and length with their measurement or designation basis.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the nominal size designation and sizing system, and which dimensions does that designation actually specify?", "kind": "definition", "id": "dimensional-basis-q01" }, { "text": "What bore dimensions, outside dimensions, wall thickness and length are measured, in which units and at which locations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "dimensional-basis-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "wall-material-and-surfaces", "name": "Wall material and surfaces", "description": "Identifies the load-containing wall and internal or external material layers.", "findings": [ { "id": "construction-and-treatment-evidence", "name": "Construction and treatment evidence", "description": "Record material grade, manufacturing construction and protective treatments without inferring them from appearance alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "What markings, certificates or examinations establish the wall material, grade and manufacturing construction?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "construction-and-treatment-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which internal liners, external coatings or reinforcement layers are present, and what are their thicknesses and coverage where known?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "construction-and-treatment-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "service-and-containment-envelope", "name": "Service and containment envelope", "description": "Relates transported media and exposure conditions to documented pipe limits.", "rationale": "Pipe suitability depends on combined service conditions rather than a material name or isolated pressure label.", "layers": [ { "id": "medium-and-exposure", "name": "Medium and exposure", "description": "Captures what contacts the inside and outside of the pipe.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-compatibility", "name": "Service compatibility", "description": "Identify relevant medium properties and environmental exposures for compatibility assessment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What medium, phase, temperature range and relevant constituents or entrained solids are expected inside the pipe?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "service-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports compatibility of the wall, lining and coating with the internal medium and external exposure?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "service-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "ratings-and-operating-conditions", "name": "Ratings and operating conditions", "description": "Makes the conditions and limitations attached to declared ratings explicit.", "findings": [ { "id": "qualified-containment-limits", "name": "Qualified containment limits", "description": "Record applicable operating limits separately from test conditions and whole-system limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which manufacturer document or applicable standard, including issuer and edition, establishes the pipe's pressure and temperature limits for this service?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "qualified-containment-limits-q01" }, { "text": "Does the intended duty include pressure surges, vacuum, external pressure or temperature cycling that requires additional assessment?", "kind": "action", "id": "qualified-containment-limits-q02" }, { "text": "Which stated limits apply to this pipe body, and which depend on joints, fittings or the complete installed system?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "qualified-containment-limits-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "joining-and-installation-interfaces", "name": "Joining and installation interfaces", "description": "Describes how a pipe can be connected and accommodated within an installation.", "rationale": "A suitable pipe body can still be unusable when its ends, support conditions or movement requirements are incompatible with the installation.", "layers": [ { "id": "ends-and-joint-compatibility", "name": "Ends and joint compatibility", "description": "Records the pipe-side geometry and preparation required for a proposed joint.", "findings": [ { "id": "joinable-end-condition", "name": "Joinable end condition", "description": "Assess whether the pipe ends and construction support the intended connection method.", "questions": [ { "text": "What end configurations, dimensions, tolerances and surface conditions must match the proposed mating components?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "joinable-end-condition-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented joining procedure applies to this material and construction, including any liner or coating preparation?", "kind": "action", "id": "joinable-end-condition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "support-and-movement", "name": "Support and movement", "description": "Records installation conditions that impose loads or constrain pipe movement.", "findings": [ { "id": "installation-load-compatibility", "name": "Installation load compatibility", "description": "Identify support, bending and restraint requirements needing assessment by the installation model.", "questions": [ { "text": "What burial, support spacing, bending, restraint or thermal movement conditions will the pipe experience?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "installation-load-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What pipe-specific limits or installation instructions must the network or support design satisfy?", "kind": "action", "id": "installation-load-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "integrity-inspection-and-intervention", "name": "Integrity, inspection and intervention", "description": "Connects observed wall and bore condition to evidence-based decisions about use and maintenance.", "rationale": "External appearance alone does not establish bore cleanliness, remaining wall integrity or readiness for intervention.", "layers": [ { "id": "wall-and-bore-assessment", "name": "Wall and bore assessment", "description": "Separates observed defects from unexamined portions of the pipe.", "findings": [ { "id": "defect-and-obstruction-evidence", "name": "Defect and obstruction evidence", "description": "Record the location, extent and inspection basis of damage, leakage, deposits or blockage.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are wall loss, cracks, deformation, lining damage, leakage or bore obstruction observed, and how extensive are they?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "defect-and-obstruction-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which inspection methods and dates support these observations, and which internal or external regions remain unexamined?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "defect-and-obstruction-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "action-readiness", "name": "Action readiness", "description": "Identifies the pipe-specific evidence and connected-system conditions needed before intervention or return to service.", "findings": [ { "id": "intervention-and-return-to-service", "name": "Intervention and return to service", "description": "Relate proposed cleaning, cutting, repair or reuse to verified condition and applicable procedures.", "questions": [ { "text": "Before opening, cutting or cleaning this pipe, what evidence confirms the required isolation, pressure release, drainage and removal of hazardous residues?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-and-return-to-service-q01" }, { "text": "What applicable acceptance criteria, examinations or tests determine whether the pipe can return to its intended service after the proposed intervention?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-and-return-to-service-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The registry records no sense; this description assumes a conveyance pipe, rather than a smoking pipe, musical pipe, or software pipe.", "Standards are recalled without checking editions or applicability to a particular service; pressure ratings require material, dimensions, temperature, joints, and the governing design rules.", "The nominal-size range is an illustrative building-services range, not a universal range or a researched distribution." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Steel pipe", "Ductile iron pipe", "Copper pipe", "Plastic pipe", "Concrete pipe", "Composite pipe" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)", "value_or_pattern": "NPS followed by a size designation, such as NPS 2", "note": "A nominal size designation used particularly in North American practice; it does not generally equal the measured outside or inside diameter." }, { "scheme": "Nominal diameter (DN)", "value_or_pattern": "DN followed by a number, such as DN 50", "note": "A dimensionless nominal size designation defined by ISO 6708, not an exact measured diameter in millimetres." }, { "scheme": "Pipe schedule", "value_or_pattern": "Schedule 40, Schedule 80, or stainless-steel designations such as 10S", "note": "Identifies a wall-thickness series within an applicable dimensional standard; thickness also depends on nominal size, and schedule alone is not a pressure rating." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ASME B36.10M, issued by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers: dimensions of welded and seamless wrought steel pipe.", "ASME B36.19M, issued by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers: dimensions of stainless steel pipe.", "ASTM A53/A53M, issued by ASTM International: requirements for black and hot-dipped zinc-coated welded and seamless steel pipe.", "ASTM D1785, issued by ASTM International: PVC plastic pipe in Schedules 40, 80, and 120.", "ISO 6708, issued by the International Organization for Standardization: definition and selection of DN nominal sizes for pipework components." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Distribution of drinking water and collection of wastewater.", "Transport of oil, gas, and industrial process fluids.", "Circulation of heating, cooling, and refrigeration fluids.", "Conveyance of slurries or pneumatically transported bulk solids.", "Structural applications such as piles, posts, and frames." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Nominal diameter in common building services", "typical_range": "Approximately DN 15-DN 100; illustrative only, with much larger sizes used in infrastructure", "unit": "Dimensionless DN designation" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Internal or external corrosion, erosion, or chemical degradation causing wall loss and leakage.", "Rupture from excessive pressure, pressure surges, or freezing of confined contents.", "Joint or seal failure caused by poor assembly, movement, or incompatible materials.", "Blockage from deposits, debris, or biological growth, reducing flow or causing backups.", "Cracking, buckling, or collapse under fatigue, thermal movement, external loads, or inadequate support." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "North American specifications commonly use NPS and schedule designations; many other regions commonly use DN and metric dimensional systems.", "Local plumbing, gas, and drinking-water rules differ in permitted materials, joining methods, and approval requirements." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "tube", "difference": "The distinction depends on industry and standard: pipe is commonly specified by nominal bore-related size and wall series, whereas tube is commonly specified by actual outside diameter and wall thickness." }, { "name": "hose", "difference": "A hose is designed for flexibility and movement; pipe generally forms a more fixed installation, although some plastic pipe is flexible." }, { "name": "duct", "difference": "A duct commonly carries air or gases through a ventilation passage, often of noncircular section; service and the applicable specification distinguish it from pipe." }, { "name": "pipeline", "difference": "A pipeline is an assembled transport system or route comprising connected pipes and associated equipment, rather than an individual pipe or pipe kind." }, { "name": "pipe fitting", "difference": "A fitting joins, branches, terminates, or changes the direction or size of a pipe run." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of pipe this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does vr.tr.pipe denote the fluid-conveyance sense assumed here, or another physical sense of pipe?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this concept, requiring a registry link instead of a separate publication?", "How does the registry distinguish pipe from tube, hose, duct and structural hollow section, including flexible or noncircular products?", "Which product and service standards, issuing bodies and editions apply to the pipe families this entry must cover?", "Which material-specific rating rules, degradation mechanisms and acceptance criteria require specialised extensions rather than assertions in this generic pipe model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a pipe, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a pipe as a hollow conduit, assess its suitability and condition for a specified service, and identify the evidence needed before installation, operation or repair.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Daya pu, dudeen, kiseru, clay pipe, opium pipe, ceremonial pipe, corncob pipe, Churchwarden pipe, meerschaum pipe, chibouk, Gouda clay pipe.", "11 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a pipe, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Daya pu", "dudeen", "kiseru", "clay pipe", "opium pipe", "ceremonial pipe", "corncob pipe", "Churchwarden pipe", "meerschaum pipe", "chibouk", "Gouda clay pipe" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 75 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 11 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one pipe from another, and a pipe from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a pipe sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a pipe from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a pipe is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a pipe is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a pipe is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a pipe is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a pipe is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a pipe is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a pipe passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a pipe between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a pipe, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a pipe is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What pipe is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does pipe perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise pipe, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How pipe is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does pipe have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does pipe need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about pipe is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about pipe hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern pipe, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a pipe came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a pipe and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a pipe is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a pipe, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a pipe, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a pipe is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }