{ "model": { "rank": 3771, "code": "thing-q104555", "model_id": "vr.tr.ruler", "name": "ruler", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a ruler, assess whether its scale and edge suit a task, and use it to measure or mark linear distances.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q104555/", "tier": 2, "score": 82, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Gunter's scale", "folding metro", "meterstick", "adjustable curve ruler", "folding ruler", "t-ruler", "tube (stick)", "ruler (weaving)", "cryptographic ruler", "masonry ruler", "t-ruler bow", "marine ruler", "yardstick", "pica ruler", "cloth measure", "foot rule", "double decimeter", "typometer", "Steel ruler", "combat mission plotter", "parallel rulers", "tape measure", "Cras plotter", "Lesbian rule", "rolling ruler", "sparse ruler", "measuring tape", "retractable tape measure", "Broselow Pediatric Emergency Tape" ], "aliasCount": 29, "merged": 29, "knownIn": 82, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.ruler", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q104555", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104555", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T15:06:57Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 20.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c67-6e03-75d2-ab79-017241688507\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: ruler\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 801 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registered", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 69.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c67-6e0b-7d33-90b0-d1d7a97b6a6f\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: ruler\nRegistry id: vr.tr.ruler\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext for " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q104555", "registryId": "vr.tr.ruler", "name": "ruler", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q104555/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.ruler", "name": "ruler", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a ruler, assess whether its scale and edge suit a task, and use it to measure or mark linear distances.", "definition": "A ruler is a physical measuring tool with a graduated scale for determining linear dimensions, commonly incorporating a straight edge for guiding drawn or scribed lines.", "scope_statement": "This model covers the physical measuring-tool sense of ruler: a strip or bar with a graduated linear scale, often also providing an edge for drawing straight lines, including rigid and flexible variants.", "in_scope": [ "Graduated scales, units, divisions, numbering and zero placement", "Body geometry, material, flexibility and working edges", "Direct length measurement and transfer of measured distances", "Straight-line guidance where the ruler provides a suitable edge", "Condition and evidence of suitability for a stated measurement task" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Rulers as sovereigns or governing roles", "Ung raduated straightedges whose primary function is line guidance or straightness checking", "Retractable measuring tapes and their reel mechanisms", "Calipers and micrometers with movable measuring contacts", "Drawing-scale conversion conventions and dedicated scale-rule models", "Product catalogues, manufacturers and individual measurement records as independent models" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Has an ordered set of graduations representing linear distances along a strip or bar; an ungraduated straightedge lacks this measuring scale.", "Supports reading distance by aligning endpoints with scale positions, without the movable jaws or spindle characteristic of calipers and micrometers.", "Presents its measuring span along the body rather than requiring a graduated tape to be pulled from a reel.", "For direct measurement, the scale represents physical distance in stated units; reduction or enlargement scales require an explicitly identified conversion.", "Belongs to the physical-tool sense of 'ruler', rather than the social role of a person who governs." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Scale units", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Units printed on each scale, such as mm, cm or in; unknown if unidentified", "why_it_matters": "Prevents readings from being interpreted in the wrong unit." }, { "name": "Graduated range", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Lower and upper labelled or established scale values in the scale's unit", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the target distance can be read in one placement." }, { "name": "Smallest graduation interval", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Distance between adjacent smallest divisions, recorded separately for each scale", "why_it_matters": "Constrains reading detail without establishing measurement accuracy by itself." }, { "name": "Zero offset from physical end", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mm or another stated length unit", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the ruler's end can serve as the measurement origin." }, { "name": "Scale-to-length mapping", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Direct physical length, scaled conversion, unidentified", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a drawing-scale reading from being mistaken for an actual physical distance." }, { "name": "Body dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Overall length, width and thickness in mm", "why_it_matters": "Affects reach, placement in confined spaces and separation between marks and the measured surface." }, { "name": "Body material and construction", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Observed or documented material; transparent or opaque; single-piece or articulated", "why_it_matters": "Helps explain visibility, handling and potential deformation." }, { "name": "Flexibility", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Rigid, semi-flexible, flexible, unestablished", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether bending during placement can affect the intended measurement." }, { "name": "Working-edge condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Intact, nicked, worn, bowed, uninspected", "why_it_matters": "A damaged edge may be unsuitable for guiding a straight line even if the scale remains readable." }, { "name": "Scale legibility", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Readable throughout, partly obscured, partly worn, unreadable", "why_it_matters": "Identifies which portions of the scale can support an unambiguous reading." }, { "name": "Verification evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked comparison, calibration or manufacturer specification identifying the ruler and applicable conditions", "why_it_matters": "Supports a task-specific accuracy judgement beyond the appearance of fine graduations." } ], "affordances": [ "Measure a linear distance by aligning endpoints and reading their scale positions.", "Transfer a specified distance onto a workpiece or drawing.", "Guide a marking tool along an assessed straight edge.", "Select a scale and placement method appropriate to the required units, span and reading detail.", "Inspect graduations, ends and edges to identify unusable regions or tasks.", "Compare scale intervals against a suitable reference and record the resulting evidence." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "ruler-identity-and-boundary", "name": "Ruler identity and boundary", "description": "Establishes which physical ruler variant is being represented and distinguishes adjacent measuring tools.", "rationale": "The name alone does not establish the physical sense, measuring mechanism or scale interpretation.", "layers": [ { "id": "graduated-tool-identity", "name": "Graduated tool identity", "description": "Identifies the combination of a linear body and a distance scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "ruler-recognition", "name": "Ruler recognition", "description": "Record the observable features supporting classification as a graduated ruler.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the object carry graduations that represent linear distances along its body?", "kind": "definition", "id": "ruler-recognition-q01" }, { "text": "What distinguishes it from an ungraduated straightedge, retractable tape or contact measuring instrument?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "ruler-recognition-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "variant-and-scale-boundary", "name": "Variant and scale boundary", "description": "Separates ordinary ruler variants from tools requiring additional mechanisms or conversion semantics.", "findings": [ { "id": "construction-and-reading-mode", "name": "Construction and reading mode", "description": "Record whether construction and scale interpretation fit this model or require a neighbouring model.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the body rigid, flexible or articulated, and does its construction introduce a joint or extension mechanism?", "kind": "definition", "id": "construction-and-reading-mode-q01" }, { "text": "Does each scale read physical distance directly, or does it require a drawing-scale conversion?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "construction-and-reading-mode-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "graduations-and-reading", "name": "Graduations and reading", "description": "Describes how the ruler encodes distance and how its readings are interpreted.", "rationale": "Units, division spacing and zero placement determine what a ruler reading means.", "layers": [ { "id": "scale-encoding", "name": "Scale encoding", "description": "Records the units, range and subdivisions of each independently readable scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "units-range-and-divisions", "name": "Units, range and divisions", "description": "Describe each scale separately where opposite edges or faces use different units or divisions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What units, numbered range and smallest division does each scale provide?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "units-range-and-divisions-q01" }, { "text": "Which printed labels or documentation establish how unlabelled subdivisions should be interpreted?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "units-range-and-divisions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "origin-and-endpoint-reading", "name": "Origin and endpoint reading", "description": "Determines where measurement starts and how endpoint positions become a distance.", "findings": [ { "id": "zero-and-difference-reading", "name": "Zero and difference reading", "description": "Record the relationship between the physical end, zero mark and any alternative starting graduation.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does zero coincide with the physical end, and what offset exists if it does not?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "zero-and-difference-reading-q01" }, { "text": "If zero is damaged or inaccessible, which intact starting mark can be used and subtracted from the endpoint reading?", "kind": "action", "id": "zero-and-difference-reading-q02" }, { "text": "How should the eye or camera be positioned to limit ambiguity caused by separation between the scale and target?", "kind": "action", "id": "zero-and-difference-reading-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "body-edge-and-placement", "name": "Body, edge and placement", "description": "Connects the ruler's physical form to measurement alignment and line guidance.", "rationale": "A readable scale does not establish that the body can lie correctly or that an edge can guide a straight mark.", "layers": [ { "id": "measuring-placement", "name": "Measuring placement", "description": "Assesses how the ruler meets and aligns with the measured surface.", "findings": [ { "id": "contact-and-alignment", "name": "Contact and alignment", "description": "Record the body properties and placement conditions affecting the intended distance measurement.", "questions": [ { "text": "What body dimensions, flexibility and transparency affect placement and endpoint visibility?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "contact-and-alignment-q01" }, { "text": "Can the scale align with the intended measurement direction without bowing, slipping or bridging an obstruction?", "kind": "action", "id": "contact-and-alignment-q02" }, { "text": "Is the requested distance a straight span or a path along a curved surface?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "contact-and-alignment-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "straight-line-guidance", "name": "Straight-line guidance", "description": "Assesses a particular edge as a guide for a marking tool.", "findings": [ { "id": "usable-guiding-edge", "name": "Usable guiding edge", "description": "Identify the edge and usable span for drawing or marking a straight line.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which edge is intended for guidance, and is it sufficiently straight and free of nicks over the required span?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-guiding-edge-q01" }, { "text": "How should the ruler be held and the marking tool positioned to prevent slipping or an unwanted offset?", "kind": "action", "id": "usable-guiding-edge-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "measurement-confidence-and-serviceability", "name": "Measurement confidence and serviceability", "description": "Supports decisions about whether the ruler remains suitable for a particular task.", "rationale": "Fine marks, intact appearance and a familiar material do not establish the accuracy of a measurement.", "layers": [ { "id": "accuracy-evidence", "name": "Accuracy evidence", "description": "Relates documented or measured performance to the task's required tolerance.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-measurement-capability", "name": "Supported measurement capability", "description": "Keep graduation interval distinct from verified scale error and uncertainty in use.", "questions": [ { "text": "What specification or comparison evidence supports the ruler's accuracy over the intended measurement interval?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-measurement-capability-q01" }, { "text": "What error or uncertainty is supported under the recorded conditions, and does it meet the task's tolerance?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "supported-measurement-capability-q02" }, { "text": "Which stated environmental or support conditions must hold for that evidence to apply?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-measurement-capability-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "damage-and-continued-use", "name": "Damage and continued use", "description": "Connects observed wear or deformation to allowed measurement and marking actions.", "findings": [ { "id": "usable-regions-and-retirement", "name": "Usable regions and retirement", "description": "Assess scale readability, end wear and edge damage separately before deciding on continued use.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which graduations, physical ends or guiding-edge segments are worn, obscured, bent or otherwise damaged?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-regions-and-retirement-q01" }, { "text": "Can an intact region support the task with a documented method, or is replacement or further verification needed?", "kind": "action", "id": "usable-regions-and-retirement-q02" }, { "text": "What cleaning or storage instructions apply to the actual body material and graduation method?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "usable-regions-and-retirement-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The sense is inferred from PHY.OBJ because no definition was recorded.", "Typical dimensions and graduations describe common products, not required specifications; graduation spacing does not establish measurement accuracy.", "Applicable dimensional tolerances, calibration requirements and legal-metrology rules need checking for the particular ruler type and intended use." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of ruler this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Rigid school or office ruler", "Steel rule", "Folding rule", "Flexible ruler", "Architect's scale ruler", "Engineer's scale ruler" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of ruler this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Measuring short lengths and distances on objects or drawings", "Drawing straight lines and marking measured intervals", "Laying out dimensions for fabrication and craft work", "Reading scaled dimensions from architectural or engineering drawings" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of ruler this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Measuring length of common school and office rulers", "typical_range": "150-300", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Smallest graduation on common metric rulers", "typical_range": "0.5-1", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "Smallest graduation on common inch rulers", "typical_range": "1/16-1/8", "unit": "in" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of ruler this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Worn or illegible graduations cause reading errors.", "Bent, warped or damaged edges compromise alignment and straight-line guidance.", "Parallax and failure to align the scale's zero mark with the measurement origin introduce errors.", "Temperature changes can alter the ruler's length and matter in precision work.", "Using a ruler to guide a blade can expose fingers to cuts; an unsuitable edge may be damaged or let the blade slip." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of ruler this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Metric graduations predominate in many countries; inch and dual-unit rulers are common in the United States.", "Architectural scale rulers use scale conventions associated with local drawing practice, including metric ratios and fractional inches per foot." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of ruler this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Straightedge", "difference": "A straightedge provides a reference edge for drawing or checking straightness but need not carry a measuring scale." }, { "name": "Tape measure", "difference": "A tape measure uses a flexible graduated strip that coils or retracts and commonly measures longer distances." }, { "name": "Caliper", "difference": "A caliper locates surfaces with jaws or other contacts rather than relying solely on visual alignment with a ruler's scale." }, { "name": "Measuring scale", "difference": "A measuring scale is the graduated reference itself and may be incorporated into instruments other than rulers." }, { "name": "Political ruler", "difference": "This is a person exercising governing authority; the PHY.OBJ entry is interpreted as the measuring tool." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of ruler this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend this entry to include folding rules and dedicated scale rulers, or are these owned by neighbouring entries?", "Which ruler-specific standards and issuing bodies apply to the intended variants and jurisdictions, and what evidence establishes applicability?", "What accuracy claims, reference conditions and verification methods are documented for representative ruler constructions?", "Which material-specific cleaning, storage and damage criteria can be supported by manufacturer guidance?", "What typical graduated ranges and division intervals should the model recognise once representative products have been researched?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 15, "questions": 27 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a ruler, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a ruler, assess whether its scale and edge suit a task, and use it to measure or mark linear distances.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Gunter's scale, folding metro, meterstick, adjustable curve ruler, folding ruler, t-ruler, tube (stick), ruler (weaving), cryptographic ruler, masonry ruler, t-ruler bow, marine ruler.", "29 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 82 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a ruler, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Gunter's scale", "folding metro", "meterstick", "adjustable curve ruler", "folding ruler", "t-ruler", "tube (stick)", "ruler (weaving)", "cryptographic ruler", "masonry ruler", "t-ruler bow", "marine ruler" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 82 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 29 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one ruler from another, and a ruler from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a ruler sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a ruler from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a ruler is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a ruler is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a ruler is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a ruler is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a ruler is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a ruler is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a ruler passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a ruler between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a ruler, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a ruler is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What ruler is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does ruler perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise ruler, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How ruler is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does ruler have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does ruler need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about ruler is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about ruler hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern ruler, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a ruler came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a ruler and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a ruler is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a ruler, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a ruler, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a ruler is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }