{
    "model": {
        "rank": 13600,
        "code": "thing-q1054718",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.kidney-disease",
        "name": "kidney disease",
        "purpose": "Let an agent give general, non-diagnostic information about kidney disease, flag urgent signs, and route people to health professionals and patient support.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Cross-cutting context",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "XCT",
        "domain": "XCT.STA",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q1054718/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 37,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "kidney carcinoma in situ",
                "kidney neoplasm",
                "inherited renal tumor",
                "multiloculated renal cyst",
                "rare renal tumor",
                "juxtaglomerular cell tumor",
                "kidney changes",
                "perinephritis",
                "renal hypertension",
                "interstitial nephritis",
                "anuria",
                "Phosphate nephropathy",
                "malignant hypertensive renal disease",
                "benign hypertensive renal disease",
                "cystic kidney disease",
                "Acute interstitial nephritis",
                "karyomegalic interstitial nephritis",
                "Glomerulonephrosis",
                "Haemodialysis-associated amyloidosis",
                "transplant glomerulopathy",
                "bone marrow tansplantation nephropathy",
                "hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome",
                "Henoch-Schönlein nephritis",
                "nephronophthisis",
                "nephronophthisis-medullary cystic kidney disease",
                "diffuse cystic renal dysplasia",
                "non-congenital cyst of kidney",
                "congenital cystic kidney disease",
                "renal dysplasia, cystic, susceptibility to",
                "polycystic kidney disease",
                "diabetic glomerulosclerosis",
                "chronic allograft nephropathy",
                "HIV-associated nephropathy",
                "Korean hemorrhagic fever",
                "Balkan hemorrhagic fever",
                "polyomavirus-associated nephropathy",
                "nephropathia epidemica",
                "Juvenile nephronophthisis",
                "nephronophthisis 1",
                "nephronophthisis 2"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 136,
            "merged": 136,
            "knownIn": 37,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q1054718",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T08:17:17Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Claude"
                ],
                "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
                "pass": 2,
                "wave": 1,
                "engine": "claude"
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q1054718",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.kidney-disease",
                "name": "kidney disease",
                "version": "0.2.0-wave.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "XCT.STA"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1054718/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.kidney-disease",
                "name": "kidney disease",
                "purpose": "Let an agent give general, non-diagnostic information about kidney disease, flag urgent signs, and route people to health professionals and patient support.",
                "definition": "Any disease or disorder of the kidneys, including chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, kidney stones, infections, inherited cystic disease and kidney tumours.",
                "what_it_is_for": "A group of medical conditions diagnosed and treated by health professionals.",
                "affordances": [
                    "get checked if at risk, for example with diabetes or high blood pressure",
                    "seek urgent care for red-flag symptoms",
                    "follow clinician advice on diet and medicines",
                    "find patient and transplant support"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Affects kidney filtration and function",
                    "Often symptomless early",
                    "Linked to diabetes and hypertension",
                    "Advanced disease may need dialysis or transplant"
                ],
                "appearance": "Often silent; symptoms may include swelling, changes in urination, tiredness or pain.",
                "visual_identification": [
                    "Conditions such as CKD, AKI, stones, cysts, tumours",
                    "Tests such as eGFR and urine albumin",
                    "Stages of chronic kidney disease"
                ],
                "physical_properties": [],
                "families_and_kinds": [
                    "chronic kidney disease",
                    "acute kidney injury",
                    "kidney stones",
                    "polycystic and inherited kidney disease",
                    "kidney tumours"
                ],
                "related_models": [
                    {
                        "relation": "is a kind of",
                        "target": "urinary system disease",
                        "why": "category"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "affects",
                        "target": "kidney",
                        "why": "organ"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "is treated by",
                        "target": "nephrologist",
                        "why": "professional"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "is related to",
                        "target": "cardiovascular disease",
                        "why": "risk"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [
                    {
                        "scheme": "ICD-11",
                        "value_or_pattern": "GB61 chronic kidney disease and related codes",
                        "note": "kidney diseases"
                    }
                ],
                "standards_and_regulation": [
                    "KDIGO clinical guidelines",
                    "National screening and transplant rules"
                ],
                "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
                    "Missing silent early disease",
                    "Harmful medicines or supplements for kidneys",
                    "Diagnosis by an agent"
                ],
                "in_scope": [],
                "out_of_scope": [],
                "characteristics": []
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "urgent",
                        "name": "Urgent",
                        "description": "Red flags first.",
                        "rationale": "Some signs need urgent care.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "red-flags",
                                "name": "Red flags",
                                "description": "Warning signs.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "red-flags-finding",
                                        "name": "Red flags",
                                        "description": "Urgent signs.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Are there signs such as little or no urine, severe flank pain with fever, or sudden swelling that need urgent care?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who should be called?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "risk",
                                "name": "Risk",
                                "description": "Who should be checked.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "risk-finding",
                                        "name": "Risk",
                                        "description": "Risk groups.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is the person in a group that should have kidney checks?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Where can they be tested?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "care",
                        "name": "Care",
                        "description": "Diagnosis and treatment.",
                        "rationale": "Care is professional.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "tests",
                                "name": "Tests",
                                "description": "eGFR and urine.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "tests-finding",
                                        "name": "Tests",
                                        "description": "Kidney tests.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What do kidney function tests measure, in general terms?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who should interpret them?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "treatment",
                                "name": "Treatment",
                                "description": "Options.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "treatment-finding",
                                        "name": "Treatment",
                                        "description": "Treatment.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which treatments do guidelines describe for this condition?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Who decides with the patient?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "living",
                        "name": "Living with it",
                        "description": "Support.",
                        "rationale": "Support improves life.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "diet",
                                "name": "Diet",
                                "description": "Clinician advice.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "diet-finding",
                                        "name": "Diet",
                                        "description": "Diet and medicines.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Has a renal dietitian or clinician advised on diet?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which medicines should be checked with a pharmacist?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "dialysis",
                                "name": "Dialysis and transplant",
                                "description": "Advanced care.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "dialysis-finding",
                                        "name": "Dialysis",
                                        "description": "Advanced care.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What do dialysis and transplant involve, in general terms?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Where can patient support be found?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "information",
                        "name": "Information",
                        "description": "Understanding.",
                        "rationale": "Reliable information helps.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "types",
                                "name": "Types",
                                "description": "Conditions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "types-finding",
                                        "name": "Types",
                                        "description": "Condition types.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which kidney condition is meant?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which specific entry fits?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "donation",
                                "name": "Donation",
                                "description": "Organ donation.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "donation-finding",
                                        "name": "Donation",
                                        "description": "Organ donation.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "How does kidney donation work, and where is official information?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "How can someone register as a donor?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Should kidney conditions be separate entries?",
                "How should staging be explained without individual advice?",
                "How should transplant services be linked?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 4,
                "layers": 8,
                "findings": 8,
                "questions": 16
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "disease or condition",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a kidney disease, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Let an agent give general, non-diagnostic information about kidney disease, flag urgent signs, and route people to health professionals and patient support.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "abstract",
                "origin": "conceptual",
                "agency": "inert"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: kidney carcinoma in situ, kidney neoplasm, inherited renal tumor, multiloculated renal cyst, rare renal tumor, juxtaglomerular cell tumor, kidney changes, perinephritis, renal hypertension, interstitial nephritis, anuria, Phosphate nephropathy.",
                "136 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 37 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a kidney disease, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Recognised by criteria applied to signs and findings, not by appearance. Two conditions can look identical and be distinguished only by test."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "kidney carcinoma in situ",
                        "kidney neoplasm",
                        "inherited renal tumor",
                        "multiloculated renal cyst",
                        "rare renal tumor",
                        "juxtaglomerular cell tumor",
                        "kidney changes",
                        "perinephritis",
                        "renal hypertension",
                        "interstitial nephritis",
                        "anuria",
                        "Phosphate nephropathy"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 37 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 136 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one kidney disease from another, and a kidney disease from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a kidney disease sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a kidney disease from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a kidney disease passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a kidney disease between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a kidney disease, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a kidney disease is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "diagnosis-and-criteria",
                        "name": "Diagnosis, criteria and coding",
                        "description": "What makes a case of kidney disease a case, and under which revision.",
                        "rationale": "Criteria change between revisions, so a diagnosis without its coding revision cannot be compared with a later one.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "criteria",
                                "name": "Diagnostic criteria",
                                "description": "The criteria in force and who issues them.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "criteria-record",
                                        "name": "Criteria, issuer and revision",
                                        "description": "What must be true for a diagnosis, according to whom.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "criteria-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What criteria define kidney disease, issued by which body, in which revision?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "criteria-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What changed between revisions that would reclassify existing cases?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "coding",
                                "name": "Coding and terminology",
                                "description": "The codes used to record it and their mapping.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "coding-record",
                                        "name": "Codes and mappings",
                                        "description": "Which classification codes apply and how they map.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "coding-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Which classification and terminology codes cover kidney disease, and how do they map to each other?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "coding-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What is lost when a case is mapped from one scheme to another?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "course-and-population",
                        "name": "Course, population and care",
                        "description": "How kidney disease develops, whom it affects, and what is done about it.",
                        "rationale": "The condition, the diagnosis and the episode of care are three different things, and an agent must not merge them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "course",
                                "name": "Course and stages",
                                "description": "Onset, progression, remission and outcome.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "course-record",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages recorded and what moves a case between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "course-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What course does kidney disease typically take, and what marks each stage?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "course-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What separates the condition itself from an episode of care for it?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "population",
                                "name": "Affected populations",
                                "description": "Who is affected, how often, and on what evidence.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "epidemiology",
                                        "name": "Prevalence and its basis",
                                        "description": "Rates with their population, period and source.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "epidemiology-q01",
                                                "text": "What prevalence or incidence is reported for kidney disease, in which population and period?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "epidemiology-q02",
                                                "text": "What may an agent not conclude about an individual from a population rate?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a kidney disease came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a kidney disease and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a kidney disease is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a kidney disease, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a kidney disease, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a kidney disease is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 5,
                "layers": 10,
                "findings": 12,
                "questions": 32
            }
        }
    }
}