{ "model": { "rank": 5928, "code": "thing-q105522", "model_id": "vr.tr.uric-acid", "name": "uric acid", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise uric acid, assess its chemical and physical state in a specified context, and select justified handling, measurement or transformation actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q105522/", "tier": 2, "score": 64, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 64, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.uric-acid", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q105522", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105522", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T10:13:18Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01036218, "turns": 1, "seconds": 171.7, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 76.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b56-eea1-7542-9675-6058952f4d25\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: uric acid\nRegistry id: vr.tr.uric-acid\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.MAT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Ver" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q105522", "registryId": "vr.tr.uric-acid", "name": "uric acid", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.MAT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q105522/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.uric-acid", "name": "uric acid", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise uric acid, assess its chemical and physical state in a specified context, and select justified handling, measurement or transformation actions.", "definition": "Uric acid is 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione (C5H4N4O3), the terminal product of purine nucleotide catabolism in humans and other uricase-deficient species; at physiological pH it exists mainly as the urate monoanion, is produced by xanthine oxidoreductase, and is eliminated chiefly by the kidney with a smaller gastrointestinal contribution.", "scope_statement": "This model owns uric acid as a chemical substance and its occurrence in materials or samples, including identity, acid-base form, amount, phase, integrity and action constraints; related urate species are represented explicitly where needed to interpret that occurrence.", "in_scope": [ "Chemical identity and evidence distinguishing uric acid from related compounds", "Acid-base speciation and the distinction between uric acid, urate and named urate salts", "Dissolved, suspended and crystalline occurrences under recorded conditions", "Amount, concentration, purity and analytical interpretation in a specified matrix", "Handling, dissolution, precipitation and chemical transformation constraints" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of gout, kidney disease or other patient conditions", "Whole-body purine metabolism and physiological regulation", "Complete composition and behaviour of urine, blood or other host matrices", "Independent substance models for named urate salts, precursors and degradation products", "Laboratory instrument design and general assay operating procedures" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check whether structural or reference-matched analytical evidence supports uric acid rather than a name-only assignment or a related purine such as xanthine.", "Distinguish the neutral acid from urate species using recorded solution conditions and a justified speciation interpretation; do not treat the labels as chemically interchangeable.", "Distinguish uric acid crystals from monosodium urate or other deposits using phase-identification evidence and, where relevant, counterion analysis rather than appearance alone.", "Determine whether a reported result identifies uric acid specifically or reports an assay-defined quantity labelled 'uric acid' that includes urate species." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identity assignment", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "confirmed uric acid | provisional uric acid | mixed identity | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether uric-acid-specific interpretations and actions are justified." }, { "name": "Identity evidence", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to structural identifiers, reference materials, spectra or validated analytical results", "why_it_matters": "Makes identification distinguishable from an inherited label." }, { "name": "Acid-base form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "neutral uric acid | urate species | mixed forms | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Connects the recorded substance to its actual chemical form under the stated conditions." }, { "name": "Matrix and chemical environment", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Host material or solvent, with linked pH, temperature and relevant ionic composition", "why_it_matters": "Provides the context needed to interpret speciation, solubility and assay behaviour." }, { "name": "Amount or concentration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mol, g, mol/L or mg/L, with explicit analyte basis and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparisons and calculations without conflating free acid, total analytical urate or salt mass." }, { "name": "Physical occurrence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "dissolved | suspended solid | isolated solid | deposited solid | mixed | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether sampling, separation or dissolution is needed before an action." }, { "name": "Solid-phase identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Analytically assigned phase or phase mixture, including hydration state where established", "why_it_matters": "Prevents visually similar acid and salt deposits from receiving the same interpretation." }, { "name": "Purity and chemical integrity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction or assay fraction, with named impurities, transformation products and method", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the material remains suitable for its intended analytical or chemical use." }, { "name": "Saturation assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "undersaturated | near equilibrium | supersaturated | undetermined, relative to a specified solid phase", "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions about possible precipitation or dissolution without treating concentration alone as decisive." } ], "affordances": [ "Verify a uric acid assignment against suitable reference evidence and flag unresolved urate or salt identity.", "Quantify its occurrence while preserving the measurement basis, matrix and distinction between dissolved and total material.", "Assess whether dissolution or precipitation is plausible under specified conditions using applicable evidence.", "Select and document sampling, separation or storage conditions that preserve the intended measurand.", "Plan a controlled dissolution, crystallisation or chemical conversion with prerequisites, expected outcomes and verification criteria." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "pubchem-1175", "title": "PubChem Compound Summary for CID 1175, Uric Acid - National Center for Biotechnology Information", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1175", "what_it_supports": "Chemical identity, formula C5H4N4O3, CAS 69-93-2, InChIKey, and linked registry identifiers.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "chebi-17775", "title": "ChEBI: uric acid (CHEBI:17775) - EMBL-EBI", "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:17775", "what_it_supports": "Ontology identity as the purine-2,6,8-trione, tautomer/salt relations, and cross-references to KEGG and other chemical databases.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "acr-eular-2015", "title": "2015 Gout classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative - Neogi et al., Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (BMJ) and Arthritis & Rheumatology (Wiley), 2015", "url": "https://ard.bmj.com/content/74/10/1789", "what_it_supports": "How monosodium urate is distinguished in practice (synovial-fluid microscopy, dual-energy CT, tophi) and the clinical threshold around serum urate.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "eau-urolithiasis", "title": "EAU Guidelines on Urolithiasis - European Association of Urology", "url": "https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urolithiasis", "what_it_supports": "Uric-acid and ammonium-acid-urate stone types, acidic-urine association, and metabolic evaluation including urinary uric acid.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "maiuolo-2016", "title": "Regulation of uric acid metabolism and excretion - Maiuolo, Oppedisano, Gratteri, Muscoli, Mollace, International Journal of Cardiology, 2016", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Purine-catabolism pathway, xanthine oxidoreductase as the last human step, renal handling, and the evolutionary absence of uricase in humans." }, { "id": "terkeltaub-nejm", "title": "Clinical practice. Gout - Terkeltaub, New England Journal of Medicine, Massachusetts Medical Society", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Clinical encounter of urate as gout, the plasma saturation point near 6.8 mg/dL, and distinction of MSU disease from other crystal arthropathies." } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "uric-acid-identity-and-speciation", "name": "Uric acid identity and speciation", "description": "Establishes what the uric acid label denotes and how the assigned chemical form depends on context.", "rationale": "The agent must distinguish the substance from related purines, urate species and named salts before interpreting its state.", "layers": [ { "id": "molecular-identity", "name": "Molecular identity", "description": "Connects the substance assignment to evidence that can discriminate related chemical identities.", "findings": [ { "id": "uric-acid-assignment", "name": "Uric acid assignment", "description": "Records whether the assigned identity is analytically established, inherited from a label or still provisional.", "questions": [ { "text": "What structural identifier and reference evidence define the material as uric acid?", "kind": "definition", "id": "uric-acid-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes it from xanthine, other related purines or an unresolved mixture?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "uric-acid-assignment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "acid-urate-boundary", "name": "Acid-urate boundary", "description": "Separates chemical species, salt identities and analytical naming conventions.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-under-recorded-conditions", "name": "Form under recorded conditions", "description": "Records the basis for assigning neutral acid, urate species or a named salt without inferring identity from terminology alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does 'uric acid' here mean the neutral molecule, an analytical total or a material containing urate species?", "kind": "definition", "id": "form-under-recorded-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "Which measured conditions and applicable equilibrium data support the proposed acid-base speciation?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "form-under-recorded-conditions-q02" }, { "text": "Does evidence identify a named urate salt that needs a linked substance model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "form-under-recorded-conditions-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "uric-acid-phase-and-solubility", "name": "Uric acid phase and solubility", "description": "Describes where uric acid occurs physically and what supports an assessment of phase change.", "rationale": "Dissolved analyte, suspended crystals and deposits require different sampling and handling decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "dissolved-and-solid-occurrence", "name": "Dissolved and solid occurrence", "description": "Distinguishes physical fractions and establishes the identity of any solid material.", "findings": [ { "id": "phase-resolved-occurrence", "name": "Phase-resolved occurrence", "description": "Records which fractions contain the assigned substance and whether solid-phase identification is sufficient.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the assigned uric acid dissolved, suspended, deposited or distributed across these fractions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "phase-resolved-occurrence-q01" }, { "text": "What phase-identification evidence distinguishes any solid from urate salts or unrelated crystals?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "phase-resolved-occurrence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "saturation-and-phase-change", "name": "Saturation and phase change", "description": "Relates possible dissolution or precipitation to the actual chemical environment and observation period.", "findings": [ { "id": "phase-change-assessment", "name": "Phase-change assessment", "description": "Records an evidence-based saturation assessment separately from observed precipitation or dissolution.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which solubility or equilibrium evidence applies to the identified solid phase at the recorded pH, temperature and matrix composition?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "phase-change-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "What observations establish whether precipitation or dissolution occurred over the relevant time interval?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "phase-change-assessment-q02" }, { "text": "What additional evidence is needed before changing conditions to dissolve or recover the material?", "kind": "action", "id": "phase-change-assessment-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "uric-acid-quantity-and-assay-meaning", "name": "Uric acid quantity and assay meaning", "description": "Makes uric acid measurements interpretable across matrices, methods and reporting conventions.", "rationale": "A numerical result cannot guide action unless the agent knows what was measured and which material fraction it represents.", "layers": [ { "id": "measurand-and-reporting-basis", "name": "Measurand and reporting basis", "description": "Defines the chemical and physical scope of each reported quantity.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpretable-uric-acid-result", "name": "Interpretable uric acid result", "description": "Preserves units, analyte basis and fraction boundaries when recording or converting a result.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the result represent dissolved material, total recoverable material or another explicitly defined fraction?", "kind": "definition", "id": "interpretable-uric-acid-result-q01" }, { "text": "Is the quantity expressed as uric acid equivalents, a specified urate species or a named salt, and what basis supports any conversion?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-uric-acid-result-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "assay-and-sampling-validity", "name": "Assay and sampling validity", "description": "Records whether the method and sample history support the intended interpretation.", "findings": [ { "id": "result-fitness", "name": "Result fitness", "description": "Connects assay specificity, matrix effects and sample handling to confidence in the reported uric acid quantity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which method, calibration evidence and matrix-specific interference checks support the result?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "result-fitness-q01" }, { "text": "Could filtration, settling, precipitation, dissolution or chemical conversion during handling have changed the measured fraction?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "result-fitness-q02" }, { "text": "What confirmation is required before using this result for the proposed material decision?", "kind": "action", "id": "result-fitness-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "uric-acid-integrity-and-interventions", "name": "Uric acid integrity and interventions", "description": "Tracks whether the substance remains fit for use and what evidence justifies interventions.", "rationale": "Actions must distinguish preservation of uric acid from changes to its phase, acid-base form or chemical identity.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-integrity-and-preservation", "name": "Chemical integrity and preservation", "description": "Records purity, transformation evidence and conditions justified for preserving the intended material.", "findings": [ { "id": "uric-acid-integrity-assessment", "name": "Uric acid integrity assessment", "description": "Separates chemical loss or conversion from redistribution between dissolved and solid forms.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence shows whether a change in measured uric acid reflects chemical conversion, phase redistribution or analytical interference?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "uric-acid-integrity-assessment-q01" }, { "text": "Which storage and handling conditions are supported for preserving this uric acid material or sample over the required interval?", "kind": "action", "id": "uric-acid-integrity-assessment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "controlled-uric-acid-interventions", "name": "Controlled uric acid interventions", "description": "Defines proposed operations by their intended chemical outcome and observable completion criteria.", "findings": [ { "id": "intervention-preconditions-and-outcome", "name": "Intervention preconditions and outcome", "description": "Records the evidence needed to authorise and verify an operation on the substance without importing clinical treatment decisions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the intended outcome dissolution, crystallisation, acid-base conversion or conversion into another compound?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-preconditions-and-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "What material-specific compatibility evidence, procedure and measurements establish that the operation is appropriate and achieved its intended outcome?", "kind": "action", "id": "intervention-preconditions-and-outcome-q02" }, { "text": "Does the proposed decision concern this material, or must it be handed to a patient, process or host-matrix model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "intervention-preconditions-and-outcome-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "serum or plasma urate (the routine clinical-chemistry measurand)", "urinary uric acid (spot or 24-hour excretion used in stone-risk and overproduction work-ups)", "monosodium urate monohydrate (the crystal of gout and tophi)", "anhydrous uric acid (a common uric-acid urolith mineral)", "uric acid dihydrate (a distinct uric-acid urolith mineral)", "ammonium acid urate (a related stone salt, not the free acid)", "tissue tophus urate (macroscopic deposits in chronic gout)", "endogenous overproduction versus renal underexcretion hyperuricemia (the two clinical source phenotypes)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q105522", "note": "Item for the chemical substance uric acid." }, { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "69-93-2", "note": "Parent free acid, not a specific salt hydrate." }, { "scheme": "PubChem CID", "value_or_pattern": "1175", "note": "NCBI compound record for uric acid." }, { "scheme": "ChEBI", "value_or_pattern": "CHEBI:17775", "note": "ChEBI classifies this as the keto tautomer of the purine triol." }, { "scheme": "KEGG Compound", "value_or_pattern": "C00366", "note": "Metabolic-map identifier in purine degradation." }, { "scheme": "UNII", "value_or_pattern": "268B43CLF9", "note": "FDA Substance Registration System identifier." }, { "scheme": "InChIKey", "value_or_pattern": "LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N", "note": "Standard hashed structure key for the parent molecule." }, { "scheme": "EC Inventory (EINECS)", "value_or_pattern": "200-720-7", "note": "European chemical inventory number." }, { "scheme": "MeSH", "value_or_pattern": "D014527", "note": "NLM heading Uric Acid." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "2015 ACR/EULAR gout classification criteria - American College of Rheumatology and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (then EULAR)", "EAU Guidelines on Urolithiasis - European Association of Urology", "AUA guideline on the medical management of kidney stones - American Urological Association", "Guideline for the management of hyperuricemia and gout - Japanese Society of Gout and Uric & Nucleic Acids (defines hyperuricemia as serum urate ≥7.0 mg/dL in both sexes)", "FDA-cleared in-vitro diagnostic uricase assays for serum/plasma/urine uric acid - U.S. Food and Drug Administration", "ICD-10 M10 (gout) and E79.0 (hyperuricemia without inflammatory arthritis or tophaceous disease) - World Health Organization", "Cairo-Bishop laboratory criteria for tumour lysis syndrome, which include a uric-acid threshold - oncology consensus criteria used in practice" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Measured in blood as a gout, metabolic-syndrome, preeclampsia, and tumour-lysis analyte.", "Identified as needle-shaped negatively birefringent crystals in synovial fluid to diagnose gout.", "Recovered as radiolucent kidney or bladder stones and typed by infrared spectroscopy as anhydrous uric acid, uric acid dihydrate, or ammonium acid urate.", "Followed in 24-hour urine during metabolic stone evaluation and after urate-lowering or alkalinising therapy.", "Encountered as white paste-like droppings in birds and terrestrial reptiles (uricotelic excretion).", "Used in the laboratory as the substrate of uricase-based assays and as a calibrator/control in clinical chemistry." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "serum urate, adult men (typical reference interval)", "typical_range": "3.5-7.2", "unit": "mg/dL" }, { "quantity": "serum urate, adult women (typical reference interval)", "typical_range": "2.6-6.0", "unit": "mg/dL" }, { "quantity": "serum urate, SI (adult men, typical)", "typical_range": "210-430", "unit": "µmol/L" }, { "quantity": "aqueous solubility of urate in plasma at 37 °C, pH 7.4", "typical_range": "~6.8", "unit": "mg/dL" }, { "quantity": "24-hour urinary uric acid on a mixed diet", "typical_range": "250-750", "unit": "mg/day" }, { "quantity": "fractional excretion of uric acid", "typical_range": "7-12", "unit": "%" }, { "quantity": "first acid dissociation constant (N-3)", "typical_range": "~5.75", "unit": "pKa" }, { "quantity": "molar mass", "typical_range": "168.11", "unit": "g/mol" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Acute gouty arthritis from precipitation of monosodium urate in joints and bursae.", "Chronic tophaceous gout with bone and soft-tissue destruction.", "Uric-acid nephrolithiasis, favoured by persistently acidic urine.", "Acute urate nephropathy in tumour lysis, with intratubular precipitation.", "Xanthine stone risk when xanthine oxidase is blocked in overproducers (iatrogenic neighbour of urate lowering).", "Renal hypouricemia with exercise-induced acute kidney injury in URAT1/GLUT9 loss-of-function.", "Positive or negative interference in older colorimetric uric-acid assays (ascorbate, haemolysis, some drugs); uricase methods are more specific but not immune.", "Supersaturation and precipitation in stored acidic urine specimens." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "US laboratories usually report mg/dL; much of Europe, the UK, and Australia report µmol/L (multiply mg/dL by 59.48).", "Clinical chemistry often names the measurand urate; US lab menus and patients still say uric acid.", "Japan commonly defines hyperuricemia as ≥7.0 mg/dL in both sexes; many Western gout guidelines treat below 6.0 mg/dL (or 5.0 with tophi) as a therapeutic target rather than a diagnostic cut-off.", "Gout and mean serum urate are markedly higher in some Pacific, Māori, and Taiwanese populations than in continental European reference groups.", "Dietary drivers differ: fructose-sweetened beverages and beer in high-income settings versus organ-meat and seafood patterns elsewhere." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (pseudogout)", "difference": "Compensated polarized-light microscopy: MSU is needle-shaped and strongly negatively birefringent; CPPD is rhomboid or rod-like and weakly positively birefringent." }, { "name": "calcium oxalate uroliths", "difference": "Plain film and CT: oxalate stones are radiopaque and usually higher Hounsfield units; uric-acid stones are radiolucent on plain radiograph and typically <500 HU, confirmed by infrared spectroscopy or dual-energy CT." }, { "name": "xanthine", "difference": "Purine panel by HPLC or LC-MS; xanthine accumulates when xanthine oxidase is deficient or inhibited, while urate is low." }, { "name": "hypoxanthine", "difference": "Same purine chromatogram: hypoxanthine is the xanthine-oxidase substrate two steps upstream of urate." }, { "name": "allantoin", "difference": "Further oxidation product of urate via uricase, which humans lack; LC-MS of allantoin versus uricase-based urate assay separates them." }, { "name": "urea", "difference": "Different nitrogenous waste: urease methods measure urea/BUN; uricase methods measure urate; they do not cross-identify." }, { "name": "ammonium acid urate stone", "difference": "Stone infrared spectroscopy or XRD: a distinct ammonium salt, often with inflammatory bowel disease or laxative abuse and not equivalent to anhydrous uric acid." }, { "name": "cholesterol crystals in synovial fluid", "difference": "Polarized microscopy: large stacked plates or notched rhomboids, not the fine negatively birefringent needles of MSU." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of uric acid this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative identity references and analytical criteria should be adopted for distinguishing uric acid from related purines and named urate salts?", "Which acid-base and solubility datasets are reliable across the intended ranges of temperature, pH and ionic composition, and where do they cease to apply?", "Which uric acid solid phases and hydration states require explicit representation for the intended tasks, and what methods reliably distinguish them?", "How do the intended assays define and report 'uric acid', and which matrix effects and sample-handling changes materially alter their results?", "Which storage, handling and intervention conditions have been validated for the intended material grades, matrices and durations?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 16, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a uric acid, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise uric acid, assess its chemical and physical state in a specified context, and select justified handling, measurement or transformation actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a uric acid, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 64 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one uric acid from another, and a uric acid from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a uric acid sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a uric acid from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a uric acid is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a uric acid is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a uric acid is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a uric acid is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a uric acid is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a uric acid is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a uric acid passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a uric acid between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a uric acid, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a uric acid is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a uric acid and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a uric acid is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a uric acid performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a uric acid.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a uric acid at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a uric acid there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What uric acid is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name uric acid unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of uric acid exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How uric acid behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of uric acid, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is uric acid incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How uric acid can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is uric acid classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover uric acid, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a uric acid came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a uric acid and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a uric acid is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a uric acid, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a uric acid, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a uric acid is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }