{
    "model": {
        "rank": 6167,
        "code": "thing-q107244",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.monocyte",
        "name": "monocyte",
        "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a monocyte, assess its observed state and determine which observations, comparisons or experimental manipulations are justified by the available evidence.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Physical world and living systems",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "PHY",
        "domain": "PHY.OBJ",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q107244/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 62,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "CD115-positive monocyte",
                "human monocyte",
                "mouse monocyte",
                "circulating monocyte",
                "non-classical monocyte",
                "classical monocyte",
                "CD16-positive monocyte",
                "inflammatory monocyte",
                "CD14 monocyte",
                "intermediate monocyte",
                "CD16 monocyte",
                "CCR2+ monocyte",
                "proliferating monocyte",
                "bone-marrow derived monocyte",
                "MHC class II+ monocyte",
                "cycling monocyte",
                "Ly6CLo patrolling monocyte",
                "Ly6CHi inflammatory monocyte",
                "CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte",
                "CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte",
                "CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte",
                "ciliary body monocyte",
                "CD14-positive monocyte",
                "Tart cell",
                "Creative Biolabs purified human monocytes",
                "activated killer monocytes"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 26,
            "merged": 26,
            "knownIn": 62,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": null,
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q107244",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107244",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:53:54Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Codex",
                    "Grok"
                ],
                "missingProviders": [],
                "pass": 2,
                "cost": {
                    "grok": {
                        "usd": 0.00523158,
                        "turns": 1,
                        "seconds": 15.7,
                        "error": null
                    },
                    "codex": {
                        "seconds": 77.6,
                        "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07bb6-8fe6-7911-a5fd-f668bc175119\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: monocyte\nRegistry id: vr.tr.monocyte\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy"
                    }
                }
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q107244",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.monocyte",
                "name": "monocyte",
                "version": "0.1.0-research.1",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "PHY.OBJ"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q107244/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.monocyte",
                "name": "monocyte",
                "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a monocyte, assess its observed state and determine which observations, comparisons or experimental manipulations are justified by the available evidence.",
                "definition": "A circulating mononuclear leukocyte of bone-marrow origin that patrols blood and tissues as a phagocyte and antigen-presenting precursor of macrophages and some dendritic cells.",
                "scope_statement": "This model owns the identity, biological context, phenotype, functional state and handling constraints of an individual monocyte, with population measurements explicitly distinguished from observations of that cell; human blood monocytes are the default reference, and other species or compartments require explicit qualification.",
                "in_scope": [
                    "Evidence identifying a cell as a monocyte and excluding plausible alternatives",
                    "Species, anatomical compartment and collection context",
                    "Monocyte subset assignment and uncertainty",
                    "Viability, activation and measured functional capabilities",
                    "Effects of isolation, storage and experimental manipulation on interpretation"
                ],
                "out_of_scope": [
                    "Patient diagnosis or treatment decisions based on monocyte measurements",
                    "Whole-blood composition and the complete differential blood count",
                    "Bone-marrow progenitor development and haematopoiesis as a system",
                    "Established macrophage and dendritic-cell identities after differentiation",
                    "Whole-tissue inflammation, infection or immune-response dynamics",
                    "Laboratory instruments and assay protocols as independently managed things"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "On a blood smear, assess whether nuclear shape, chromatin and relatively abundant cytoplasm support monocyte identity rather than a segmented granulocyte or typical small lymphocyte; morphology alone may leave ambiguous cells unresolved.",
                    "Use a species-appropriate multiparameter phenotype with positive monocyte evidence and exclusion of competing lineages; neither CD14 nor CD16 alone establishes identity.",
                    "For human blood cells, assess CD14 and CD16 patterns only after identifying the monocyte population, because these markers also occur outside that population.",
                    "When distinguishing a monocyte from a macrophage or dendritic cell, combine compartment, developmental or culture history and phenotype rather than assigning identity from phagocytosis or adherence alone.",
                    "Check whether an apparent unusual monocyte is a singlet, an aggregate or a monocyte attached to another cell before interpreting its combined marker profile."
                ],
                "characteristics": [
                    {
                        "name": "Identity confidence",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "supported | provisional | unresolved | excluded, with supporting observations",
                        "why_it_matters": "Prevents uncertain cell classification from becoming an assumed biological fact."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Species",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "Taxonomic identifier",
                        "why_it_matters": "Marker interpretation and subset terminology require species-specific evidence."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Source compartment",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Linked blood, marrow, tissue or culture specimen",
                        "why_it_matters": "Compartment changes the relevant identity boundaries and interpretation of phenotype."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Morphological profile",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "Observed nuclear shape, chromatin, cytoplasm and granularity, with imaging method",
                        "why_it_matters": "Provides independent identity evidence and can flag atypical cells."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Human blood monocyte subset",
                        "kind": "category",
                        "unit_or_values": "classical | intermediate | nonclassical | unresolved | not applicable; retain CD14/CD16 measurements and gating definition",
                        "why_it_matters": "Supports qualified comparisons without treating subset labels as universally applicable or immutable."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Surface-marker abundance",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "Assay-specific fluorescence intensity or calibrated abundance, with marker, controls and normalization",
                        "why_it_matters": "Allows identity and state assignments to be checked against the underlying observations."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Viability",
                        "kind": "state",
                        "unit_or_values": "viable | compromised | dead | unresolved, with assay and observation time",
                        "why_it_matters": "Constrains which functional measurements and manipulations remain interpretable."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Stimulus-response profile",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "Named response and assay-specific unit, with stimulus, dose, duration and comparator",
                        "why_it_matters": "Describes demonstrated responsiveness without assigning an unsupported global activation label."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Particle uptake",
                        "kind": "measurement",
                        "unit_or_values": "Internalized particles per cell or assay-specific uptake signal, with extracellular binding controls",
                        "why_it_matters": "Separates measured internalization from surface attachment and from microbial killing."
                    },
                    {
                        "name": "Processing exposure",
                        "kind": "relation",
                        "unit_or_values": "Linked collection, isolation, storage, thawing and culture events with elapsed times",
                        "why_it_matters": "Helps distinguish biological state from changes introduced during preparation."
                    }
                ],
                "affordances": [
                    "Classify the cell provisionally or confidently using morphology, phenotype and exclusion evidence.",
                    "Assign a human blood monocyte subset when the species, compartment and assay support that classification.",
                    "Select an additional observation that resolves a specific identity or state ambiguity.",
                    "Compare monocyte phenotypes or responses across samples with compatible processing and measurement conditions.",
                    "Evaluate whether isolation, sorting, stimulation or culture is compatible with the intended readout and cell viability.",
                    "Track a possible differentiation transition and transfer identity to a neighbouring model when sufficient evidence supports it."
                ]
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "monocyte-identity",
                        "name": "Monocyte identity",
                        "description": "Evidence that the observed cell is a monocyte rather than a neighbouring or artefactual cell class.",
                        "rationale": "Every subsequent subset, state and action judgement depends on a defensible monocyte identification.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "morphological-evidence",
                                "name": "Morphological evidence",
                                "description": "Observed cellular features that support or challenge monocyte identity.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "morphology-and-alternatives",
                                        "name": "Morphology and alternatives",
                                        "description": "Record nuclear and cytoplasmic observations alongside plausible competing classifications.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which observed nuclear, chromatin and cytoplasmic features support monocyte identity under the preparation and imaging method used?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "morphology-and-alternatives-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Could this appearance instead represent an immature myeloid cell, granulocyte, reactive lymphocyte or preparation artefact?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "morphology-and-alternatives-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "phenotypic-confirmation",
                                "name": "Phenotypic confirmation",
                                "description": "Species-appropriate marker evidence and exclusion of misleading events.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "marker-supported-identification",
                                        "name": "Marker-supported identification",
                                        "description": "Retain the positive and exclusion evidence used to identify a monocyte, including singlet and viability assessment.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which measured markers and reference criteria support monocyte identity in this species and specimen type?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "id": "marker-supported-identification-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence excludes competing lineages, dead-cell artefacts and cell aggregates from this identification?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "marker-supported-identification-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "subset-and-biological-context",
                        "name": "Subset and biological context",
                        "description": "The cell's subset assignment, anatomical origin and relationship to differentiation boundaries.",
                        "rationale": "A monocyte label does not establish a subset, tissue role or developmental destination.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "subset-assignment",
                                "name": "Subset assignment",
                                "description": "Qualified classification of monocyte phenotypic variation.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "human-blood-subset-evidence",
                                        "name": "Human blood subset evidence",
                                        "description": "Represent classical, intermediate or nonclassical assignment only within an applicable classification framework.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "For a human blood monocyte, where do its CD14 and CD16 measurements fall relative to the documented subset gates?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "human-blood-subset-evidence-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Does the species, compartment or experimental condition make this subset terminology inapplicable or the assignment ambiguous?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "human-blood-subset-evidence-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "compartment-and-transition",
                                "name": "Compartment and transition",
                                "description": "Source location and evidence relevant to persistence or change of monocyte identity.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "origin-and-differentiation-boundary",
                                        "name": "Origin and differentiation boundary",
                                        "description": "Separate known specimen origin from inferred trafficking or differentiation history.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "From which species and anatomical compartment was the cell obtained, and what migration or culture history is actually documented?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "origin-and-differentiation-boundary-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence supports retaining monocyte identity or transferring the cell to a macrophage or dendritic-cell model?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "origin-and-differentiation-boundary-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "viability-and-functional-state",
                        "name": "Viability and functional state",
                        "description": "The monocyte's observed integrity, response state and experimentally demonstrated functions.",
                        "rationale": "An agent needs measured capabilities and limitations to judge cell state without equating marker expression with function.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "integrity-and-response",
                                "name": "Integrity and response",
                                "description": "Viability and condition-specific evidence of a response to stimulation or stress.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "viable-response-state",
                                        "name": "Viable response state",
                                        "description": "Keep viability and individual response readouts separate rather than collapsing them into one activation category.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What viability or cell-death observations were made, by which assay and at what time relative to the functional readout?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "viable-response-state-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which marker, transcriptional or secretion changes were measured against which baseline after what exposure?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "viable-response-state-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "demonstrated-functions",
                                "name": "Demonstrated functions",
                                "description": "Direct evidence of monocyte activities under specified experimental conditions.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "function-and-inference-limits",
                                        "name": "Function and inference limits",
                                        "description": "Record demonstrated uptake, migration or mediator production with controls and the correct unit of observation.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which function was directly measured, under what conditions, and does the result describe this cell or an assayed population?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "function-and-inference-limits-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What controls prevent interpreting particle binding as uptake, uptake as killing, or marker expression as demonstrated functional activity?",
                                                "kind": "boundary",
                                                "id": "function-and-inference-limits-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "handling-and-permitted-interpretation",
                        "name": "Handling and permitted interpretation",
                        "description": "How specimen preparation affects the monocyte and which next actions remain suitable for the intended observation.",
                        "rationale": "Collection and manipulation can alter monocyte recovery, phenotype and responses, so action choices require processing context.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "preanalytical-history",
                                "name": "Preanalytical history",
                                "description": "Events between collection and observation that could change or select the measured monocytes.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "processing-effects",
                                        "name": "Processing effects",
                                        "description": "Retain collection, isolation and storage history and identify evidence of resulting bias.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which anticoagulant, processing delays, isolation steps, temperatures, freeze-thaw events and culture conditions preceded observation?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "id": "processing-effects-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "What evidence indicates that processing changed monocyte viability, subset recovery, adherence or the markers used for classification?",
                                                "kind": "measurement",
                                                "id": "processing-effects-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "next-observation-or-manipulation",
                                "name": "Next observation or manipulation",
                                "description": "Selection of actions according to the unresolved question, current cell condition and assay compatibility.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "action-readout-compatibility",
                                        "name": "Action and readout compatibility",
                                        "description": "Relate a proposed manipulation to the monocyte property it will test and the changes it may introduce.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which additional observation or manipulation would resolve the current monocyte identity or state uncertainty?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "action-readout-compatibility-q01"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Would sorting, fixation, permeabilization, stimulation or culture compromise the intended readout or require reassessment of monocyte identity?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "id": "action-readout-compatibility-q02"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment",
                        "name": "Evidence and external alignment",
                        "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.",
                        "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "reported-evidence",
                                "name": "Reported evidence",
                                "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "evidence-kinds",
                                        "name": "Kinds and varieties",
                                        "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.",
                                        "evidence": [
                                            "classical CD14++ CD16- monocytes",
                                            "intermediate CD14++ CD16+ monocytes",
                                            "nonclassical CD14+ CD16++ monocytes",
                                            "inflammatory Ly6C-high monocytes (mouse)",
                                            "patrolling Ly6C-low monocytes (mouse)",
                                            "tissue-resident monocyte-derived macrophages",
                                            "monocyte-derived dendritic cells"
                                        ],
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "evidence-kinds-q01",
                                                "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of monocyte this model covers, and on what evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "Which species and specimen compartments must the initial model support beyond its human blood reference scope?",
                "Which validated marker panels, exclusion criteria and subset gating references should govern each supported species and assay?",
                "What evidence threshold should trigger transfer from monocyte identity to a macrophage or dendritic-cell model in tissue and culture settings?",
                "Which processing conditions and time limits preserve the particular phenotypes and functions the intended applications need to measure?",
                "How should atypical or disease-associated monocyte phenotypes be represented when conventional identity or subset criteria do not resolve them?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 5,
                "layers": 9,
                "findings": 9,
                "questions": 17
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "device, machine or tool",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a monocyte, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a monocyte, assess its observed state and determine which observations, comparisons or experimental manipulations are justified by the available evidence.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "material",
                "origin": "manufactured",
                "agency": "inert",
                "mobility": "varies"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "observed and measured"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: CD115-positive monocyte, human monocyte, mouse monocyte, circulating monocyte, non-classical monocyte, classical monocyte, CD16-positive monocyte, inflammatory monocyte, CD14 monocyte, intermediate monocyte, CD16 monocyte, CCR2+ monocyte.",
                "26 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a monocyte, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Mobility varies between examples.",
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "observe it, measure it, record its state"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [
                "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things."
            ],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "CD115-positive monocyte",
                        "human monocyte",
                        "mouse monocyte",
                        "circulating monocyte",
                        "non-classical monocyte",
                        "classical monocyte",
                        "CD16-positive monocyte",
                        "inflammatory monocyte",
                        "CD14 monocyte",
                        "intermediate monocyte",
                        "CD16 monocyte",
                        "CCR2+ monocyte"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 26 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one monocyte from another, and a monocyte from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a monocyte sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a monocyte from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "form-and-composition",
                        "name": "Form, composition and condition",
                        "description": "What a monocyte is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.",
                        "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "form-and-dimensions",
                                "name": "Form and dimensions",
                                "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "measurable-dimensions",
                                        "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units",
                                        "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "material-and-composition",
                                "name": "Material and composition",
                                "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "parts-and-materials",
                                        "name": "Parts and materials",
                                        "description": "What a monocyte is built from and which parts are replaceable.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "parts-and-materials-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-integrity",
                                "name": "Condition and integrity",
                                "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "condition-assessment",
                                        "name": "Condition, damage and health",
                                        "description": "How the condition of a monocyte is judged and by whom.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "condition-assessment-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "place-and-movement",
                        "name": "Place and movement",
                        "description": "Where a monocyte is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).",
                        "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "location-and-placement",
                                "name": "Location and placement",
                                "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "position-and-frame",
                                        "name": "Position, container and reference frame",
                                        "description": "Where a monocyte is, and what that position is measured against.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "position-and-frame-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "movement-and-transfer",
                                "name": "Movement and transfer",
                                "description": "How a monocyte is carried, installed or relocated.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "movement-events",
                                        "name": "Movement events and constraints",
                                        "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "movement-events-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a monocyte passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a monocyte between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a monocyte, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a monocyte is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "function-and-principle",
                        "name": "Function and operating principle",
                        "description": "What monocyte is for and how it achieves it.",
                        "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "intended-function",
                                "name": "Intended function",
                                "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "function-record",
                                        "name": "Function, principle and variants",
                                        "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What function does monocyte perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "function-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "capacity-and-rating",
                                "name": "Capacity and rating",
                                "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "ratings",
                                        "name": "Ratings and their conditions",
                                        "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "ratings-q01",
                                                "text": "What ratings characterise monocyte, in what units, and under what stated conditions?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "ratings-q02",
                                                "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "operation-and-state",
                        "name": "Operation, controls and state",
                        "description": "How monocyte is operated and what state it is in right now.",
                        "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "controls-and-modes",
                                "name": "Controls and modes",
                                "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "control-surface",
                                        "name": "Control surface and interlocks",
                                        "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "control-surface-q01",
                                                "text": "What controls and modes does monocyte have, and what does each change?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "control-surface-q02",
                                                "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "condition-and-maintenance",
                                "name": "Condition and maintenance",
                                "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "service-record",
                                        "name": "Condition, service and consumables",
                                        "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "service-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What consumables and service does monocyte need, at what interval, and on whose authority?",
                                                "kind": "measurement"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "service-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "kind-model-unit",
                        "name": "Kind, model and unit",
                        "description": "Whether a claim about monocyte is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.",
                        "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "level-of-reference",
                                "name": "Level of reference",
                                "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "level-rules",
                                        "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit",
                                        "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "level-rules-q01",
                                                "text": "Which facts about monocyte hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "level-rules-q02",
                                                "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "standards-and-conformity",
                                "name": "Standards and conformity",
                                "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "conformity",
                                        "name": "Standards, marks and attestation",
                                        "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "conformity-q01",
                                                "text": "Which standards govern monocyte, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "conformity-q02",
                                                "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a monocyte came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a monocyte and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a monocyte is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a monocyte, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a monocyte, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a monocyte is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 8,
                "layers": 17,
                "findings": 19,
                "questions": 51
            }
        }
    }
}