{ "model": { "rank": 4014, "code": "thing-q107444", "model_id": "vr.tr.kettle", "name": "kettle", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a kettle, assess its readiness to heat and pour water, and determine which operations its design and observed condition permit.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q107444/", "tier": 2, "score": 79, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Whistling kettle", "electric kettle", "chagama", "electric water boiler", "Kantsuki", "Kelly Kettle", "Authepsa" ], "aliasCount": 7, "merged": 7, "knownIn": 79, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.kettle-artifact", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q107444", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107444", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T19:17:38Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08799-acc4-7510-aa92-7723b94d6f95\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: kettle\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 695 things:\n# Batch 004: 1001 registere", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 68.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08799-acc3-71c2-ada5-f96dbea960f8\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: kettle\nRegistry id: vr.tr.kettle\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext fo" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q107444", "registryId": "vr.tr.kettle", "name": "kettle", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q107444/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.kettle", "name": "kettle", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a kettle, assess its readiness to heat and pour water, and determine which operations its design and observed condition permit.", "definition": "A kettle is a vessel designed primarily to heat water to boiling, typically with a lid, handle and pouring spout, using either an external heat source or an integrated electric heating element.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the kettle as a kind of vessel designed primarily to heat water for subsequent pouring, including externally heated and electric variants; product specifications and individual-unit observations provide evidence without becoming separate kinds.", "in_scope": [ "Water containment, filling, level limits, lid retention and pouring geometry", "Electric or external heat supply and compatibility with the intended heating arrangement", "Heating controls, operating states and indications of completion", "Handling of hot water, steam and heated surfaces", "Scale, contamination, leaks, component condition and maintenance constraints" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Tea and coffee brewing processes and dedicated brewing appliances", "Saucepans and general-purpose cooking vessels", "Continuous-flow water heaters, bulk hot-water dispensers and building hot-water systems", "Stoves, electrical installations and water-treatment equipment", "Product-line identity, ownership and individual-unit service history as independent models" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Its primary intended task is heating water for transfer to another vessel, rather than cooking food in place.", "Its vessel has a handle and a pouring outlet intended to transfer heated water by tilting the vessel.", "An electric heating element is optional: an externally heated kettle remains within scope.", "A lid, whistle, detachable base or automatic shutoff identifies a configuration but is not required to recognise every kettle.", "A vessel primarily intended to steep and serve tea is a teapot; direct water-heating capability and declared intended use must resolve ambiguous combined designs." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Heating configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "electric element; external heat; combined or other documented arrangement", "why_it_matters": "Determines the heat source, controls and compatibility evidence required before use." }, { "name": "Permitted heat or electrical supply", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "documented compatible hob types or supply voltage in V, frequency in Hz and base or connector identity", "why_it_matters": "Prevents assuming that a kettle works with an arbitrary hob, electrical supply or detachable base." }, { "name": "Usable fill range", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "minimum and maximum water volume in mL or L, including whether a minimum is specified", "why_it_matters": "Supports filling decisions while distinguishing operating limits from total vessel capacity." }, { "name": "Current water quantity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "mL or L, or observed position relative to fill marks; unknown when unobserved", "why_it_matters": "Establishes whether heating can begin within the documented fill range." }, { "name": "Rated electrical input", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "W for electrically heated variants; not applicable for externally heated variants", "why_it_matters": "Records electrical demand without treating the rating as measured heat delivered to water." }, { "name": "Water temperature and selected target", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "°C, with measured, estimated and selected values distinguished", "why_it_matters": "Separates actual water condition from a control setting or completion indication." }, { "name": "Heating state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "disconnected; idle; heating; holding temperature; completed; protection tripped; fault; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Constrains handling, refilling and maintenance actions according to available evidence." }, { "name": "Completion and protection mechanisms", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "documented presence or absence of whistle, indicator, automatic shutoff, dry-heating protection and other mechanisms", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes a signal requiring intervention from a mechanism that actually interrupts heating." }, { "name": "Wetted materials and removable parts", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "documented vessel, lining, seal and filter materials; removable-part list", "why_it_matters": "Supports compatible cleaning and inspection of surfaces that contact water." }, { "name": "Containment and handling condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "observed condition of vessel, seams, lid, spout and handle, with defects and unknowns recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether the kettle can contain and pour hot water without an identified defect." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify the kettle's heating configuration and match it to documented compatible equipment.", "Check water level, assembly and visible condition before authorising heating.", "Select an available temperature or heating mode and interpret its completion indication.", "Determine whether the current state permits lifting, pouring, refilling or cleaning.", "Identify a need for descaling, filter cleaning, repair assessment or withdrawal from use." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "kettle-identity-and-boundary", "name": "Kettle identity and boundary", "description": "Recognises the water-heating and pouring vessel while separating kettle variants from neighbouring appliance kinds.", "rationale": "The name alone does not distinguish a kettle from a teapot, cooking pot or hot-water dispenser.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-water-task", "name": "Intended water task", "description": "Establishes what the vessel is designed to heat and how the heated water is used.", "findings": [ { "id": "primary-heating-purpose", "name": "Primary heating purpose", "description": "Record evidence that the vessel is primarily intended to heat water for pouring, including any explicitly permitted additional uses.", "questions": [ { "text": "What declared purpose and physical features establish this vessel as a kettle?", "kind": "definition", "id": "primary-heating-purpose-q01" }, { "text": "Does brewing, cooking or dispensing define its primary function strongly enough to place it in a neighbouring model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "primary-heating-purpose-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "heating-variant", "name": "Heating variant", "description": "Separates electric and externally heated configurations without splitting the registry kind.", "findings": [ { "id": "vessel-and-heat-interface", "name": "Vessel and heat interface", "description": "Record how heat reaches the water and which attached or separate components constitute the working kettle assembly.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is heat supplied through an integrated electric element, an external cooking surface or another documented arrangement?", "kind": "definition", "id": "vessel-and-heat-interface-q01" }, { "text": "Which base, connector, lid or other components belong to the kettle assembly, and which belong to its supporting equipment?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "vessel-and-heat-interface-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "water-containment-and-pouring", "name": "Water containment and pouring", "description": "Captures usable fill limits and the physical path from filling through heated-water transfer.", "rationale": "A kettle must retain water during heating and permit controlled pouring without confusing nominal capacity with a safe operating fill.", "layers": [ { "id": "fill-envelope", "name": "Fill envelope", "description": "Relates observed water quantity to the kettle's documented operating limits.", "findings": [ { "id": "permitted-water-charge", "name": "Permitted water charge", "description": "Record fill limits, their evidence and the means available to observe the current quantity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What minimum, if any, and maximum operating fill are specified in mL or L, and where are they marked or documented?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "permitted-water-charge-q01" }, { "text": "Can the current fill be verified before heating, and what action is required if it cannot?", "kind": "action", "id": "permitted-water-charge-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "pouring-path", "name": "Pouring path", "description": "Examines the lid, outlet, handle and any filter as a hot-water transfer system.", "findings": [ { "id": "controlled-water-transfer", "name": "Controlled water transfer", "description": "Record the required pouring configuration and observed defects that could disrupt retention, grip or flow.", "questions": [ { "text": "How must the lid, spout closure and removable filter be positioned for pouring?", "kind": "action", "id": "controlled-water-transfer-q01" }, { "text": "What observed leaks, loose parts, outlet obstructions or handle defects affect the ability to pour safely?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "controlled-water-transfer-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "heat-supply-and-operation", "name": "Heat supply and operation", "description": "Connects the heating arrangement to available controls and observable completion states.", "rationale": "Electric switching, hob control and a whistle imply different agent actions and cannot be treated as interchangeable.", "layers": [ { "id": "supply-compatibility", "name": "Supply compatibility", "description": "Establishes whether the intended source can operate this kettle within documented constraints.", "findings": [ { "id": "compatible-heating-arrangement", "name": "Compatible heating arrangement", "description": "Record applicable electrical ratings, base compatibility or external heat-source restrictions with their provenance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which label, manual or manufacturer record establishes compatibility with the proposed supply, base or hob?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "compatible-heating-arrangement-q01" }, { "text": "What electrical ratings or external heating constraints must be checked before heating starts?", "kind": "action", "id": "compatible-heating-arrangement-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "heating-cycle", "name": "Heating cycle", "description": "Distinguishes selected modes, actual water condition and signals that require a response.", "findings": [ { "id": "target-and-completion", "name": "Target and completion", "description": "Record available targets and modes, what each indication means, and whether heat stops automatically.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which controls select boiling, a temperature target or temperature holding, where those functions exist?", "kind": "definition", "id": "target-and-completion-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence indicates completion, and does that indication interrupt heating or require an operator to do so?", "kind": "action", "id": "target-and-completion-q02" }, { "text": "Is the recorded water temperature measured, inferred from operation or merely a selected target?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "target-and-completion-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hot-water-and-energy-safety", "name": "Hot water and energy safety", "description": "Records exposure routes and verified safeguards relevant to heating, lifting and refilling.", "rationale": "Steam, hot water and the heat source create distinct hazards whose controls depend on the kettle's configuration.", "layers": [ { "id": "thermal-exposure", "name": "Thermal exposure", "description": "Identifies where heat and steam affect permitted handling.", "findings": [ { "id": "handling-and-steam-path", "name": "Handling and steam path", "description": "Record intended grip surfaces, steam outlets and documented handling or lid-opening restrictions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where does steam leave during heating and pouring, and which surfaces are intended for gripping?", "kind": "definition", "id": "handling-and-steam-path-q01" }, { "text": "What handling, cooling or lid-opening conditions must be satisfied before moving or refilling the kettle?", "kind": "action", "id": "handling-and-steam-path-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protective-functions", "name": "Protective functions", "description": "Separates verified protection capabilities from assumptions based on appearance or appliance type.", "findings": [ { "id": "protection-and-fault-response", "name": "Protection and fault response", "description": "Record documented protective functions, observed fault indications and the prescribed response without deliberately provoking hazardous conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes the presence and limits of automatic shutoff, dry-heating protection or other protective functions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "protection-and-fault-response-q01" }, { "text": "What isolation, cooling, inspection or service action is prescribed after a protection trip, leak or failure to stop heating?", "kind": "action", "id": "protection-and-fault-response-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "water-contact-care-and-serviceability", "name": "Water-contact care and serviceability", "description": "Tracks deposits, water-contact surfaces and defects against documented cleaning and service constraints.", "rationale": "Repeated water heating makes scale and wetted-surface condition central to kettle readiness, while cleaning must respect heating and electrical components.", "layers": [ { "id": "deposits-and-cleaning", "name": "Deposits and cleaning", "description": "Connects observed residue and removable components to a compatible maintenance method.", "findings": [ { "id": "scale-and-wetted-surfaces", "name": "Scale and wetted surfaces", "description": "Record visible deposits, affected surfaces and supported cleaning methods without assuming that every residue is mineral scale.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are deposits, discoloration or debris observed, and what evidence identifies their nature?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "scale-and-wetted-surfaces-q01" }, { "text": "Which cleaning agents, descaling procedure and rinsing steps are documented as compatible with the wetted materials?", "kind": "action", "id": "scale-and-wetted-surfaces-q02" }, { "text": "Which parts may be removed, washed or immersed, and what drying or reassembly conditions apply?", "kind": "action", "id": "scale-and-wetted-surfaces-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "continued-use-evidence", "name": "Continued-use evidence", "description": "Assesses defects and applicable documentation before returning a kettle to operation.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-and-conformity-record", "name": "Service and conformity record", "description": "Record observable defects, permitted repairs and applicable conformity evidence while separating a marked claim from independently verified compliance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observed vessel, handle, cord, connector or control defects require withdrawal from use or qualified service under the applicable instructions?", "kind": "action", "id": "service-and-conformity-record-q01" }, { "text": "Which standards, issuing bodies, editions and conformity records apply to this kettle configuration and intended market?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "service-and-conformity-record-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The intended sense is the household water-heating vessel, excluding geological kettles and specialized industrial vessels.", "Capacity and power ranges are approximate household examples, not defining limits; the listed varieties overlap.", "Standards are recalled references, not verified compliance claims; applicable editions, national adoptions and product-specific requirements need checking." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Stovetop kettle", "Whistling kettle", "Electric kettle with an exposed heating element", "Electric kettle with a concealed heating element", "Temperature-controlled electric kettle", "Gooseneck pouring kettle" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "IEC 60335-1, issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission: general safety requirements for household and similar electrical appliances.", "IEC 60335-2-15, issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission: particular safety requirements for appliances for heating liquids, including electric kettles." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Boiling water for tea, coffee and other hot drinks.", "Heating water for instant foods and cooking preparation.", "Delivering a controlled stream of hot water for pour-over coffee with a gooseneck kettle.", "Heating water to selected temperatures for different brewing methods using a temperature-controlled kettle." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Nominal water capacity of common household electric kettles", "typical_range": "0.5-2.0", "unit": "L" }, { "quantity": "Rated electrical input power of common household electric kettles", "typical_range": "1000-3000", "unit": "W" }, { "quantity": "Approximate water boiling temperature at standard atmospheric pressure", "typical_range": "100", "unit": "°C" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Hot water, steam and heated surfaces can cause burns or scalds, especially during pouring or lid opening.", "Overfilling can cause boiling water to escape through the spout or lid.", "Heating without sufficient water can overheat or damage the vessel or element; electric designs commonly incorporate boil-dry protection.", "Failure of an electric kettle's automatic shutoff can allow continued boiling and eventual drying out.", "Mineral scale can accumulate on wetted surfaces; damaged seals, insulation or electrical connections can cause leakage or electrical hazards." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Common electric kettle power ratings vary with household supply voltage and circuit capacity; 120 V markets commonly use lower-power units than 230 V markets.", "At higher elevations, water boils at a lower temperature because atmospheric pressure is lower." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Teapot", "difference": "A teapot primarily steeps and serves tea; a kettle primarily heats water." }, { "name": "Saucepan", "difference": "A saucepan is a general cooking vessel; a kettle is specialized for heating and pouring water." }, { "name": "Hot-water dispenser", "difference": "A dispenser delivers heated water through an outlet, often from a retained reservoir or flow heater; a kettle ordinarily heats a batch that is poured from its vessel." }, { "name": "Electric kettle", "difference": "An electric kettle is a subtype with an integrated electrical heater; the broader kettle category also includes externally heated vessels." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of kettle this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend kettle to include camping vessels, integrated infusers and commercial tilting kettles, or should some be linked to neighbouring registered kinds?", "Which current standards and conformity requirements apply separately to electric and externally heated kettles in each intended market?", "What source-backed capacity, power, mass and dimensional ranges are useful for recognising variants without turning typical values into defining limits?", "Which observed performance changes reliably distinguish scale accumulation from heater, sensor, control or supply faults?", "What manufacturer-specific evidence is required to establish protective-function limits, reset procedures and compatibility of replacement bases, filters and seals?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 30 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a kettle, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a kettle, assess its readiness to heat and pour water, and determine which operations its design and observed condition permit.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Whistling kettle, electric kettle, chagama, electric water boiler, Kantsuki, Kelly Kettle, Authepsa.", "7 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a kettle, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Whistling kettle", "electric kettle", "chagama", "electric water boiler", "Kantsuki", "Kelly Kettle", "Authepsa" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 7 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one kettle from another, and a kettle from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a kettle sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a kettle from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a kettle is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a kettle is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a kettle is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a kettle is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a kettle is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a kettle is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a kettle passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a kettle between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a kettle, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a kettle is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What kettle is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does kettle perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise kettle, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How kettle is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does kettle have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does kettle need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about kettle is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about kettle hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern kettle, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a kettle came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a kettle and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a kettle is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a kettle, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a kettle, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a kettle is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }