{ "model": { "rank": 1498, "code": "thing-q11081", "model_id": "vr.tr.alzheimer-s-disease", "name": "Alzheimer's disease", "purpose": "Let an agent give accurate general information on Alzheimer's disease, recognise changes needing assessment, explain diagnosis, care and research with evidence, and point to specialist care and support for people and carers without individual medical advice.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q11081/", "tier": 2, "score": 142, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease", "Alzheimer disease 16", "Alzheimer disease 17", "Alzheimer disease 18", "Alzheimer disease 19", "early-onset Alzheimer's disease", "Alzheimer disease type 1", "Alzheimer disease, susceptibility to, mitochondrial", "Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles", "Alzheimer's disease 1" ], "aliasCount": 10, "merged": 10, "knownIn": 142, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q11081", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T20:58:16Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11081", "registryId": "vr.tr.alzheimer-s-disease", "name": "Alzheimer's disease", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11081/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.alzheimer-s-disease", "name": "Alzheimer's disease", "purpose": "Let an agent give accurate general information on Alzheimer's disease, recognise changes needing assessment, explain diagnosis, care and research with evidence, and point to specialist care and support for people and carers without individual medical advice.", "definition": "A progressive neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia, characterised by accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain, leading to memory loss, cognitive decline and changes in behaviour, usually in older age but with rarer early-onset and inherited forms; it is diagnosed by clinical assessment, imaging and biomarkers, and managed with supportive care and, increasingly, disease-modifying therapies.", "what_it_is_for": "A neurodegenerative disease requiring diagnosis, care and support.", "affordances": [ "explain the disease and its stages in general terms", "recognise changes needing assessment", "explain diagnosis, treatment and research", "find specialist services and carer support" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Most common dementia", "Amyloid and tau pathology", "Progressive", "Late and early-onset forms" ], "appearance": "Not physical; progressive memory and cognitive changes.", "visual_identification": [ "Progressive memory loss and cognitive decline", "Amyloid and tau pathology", "Other dementias have different patterns and causes" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "late-onset Alzheimer's disease", "early-onset Alzheimer's disease", "inherited autosomal dominant forms", "mixed dementia with vascular changes", "preclinical and prodromal stages" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "tauopathy", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "aging-associated disease", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a", "target": "neurodegeneration", "why": "neurodegenerative disease" }, { "relation": "affects", "target": "brain", "why": "organ" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Clinical guidelines from neurology and dementia bodies", "Medicines regulation for disease-modifying therapies", "Care standards and dementia strategies" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Missing treatable causes of cognitive change", "Agents diagnosing", "Unproven treatments and scams targeting people with dementia" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "assess", "name": "Assess", "description": "Changes to check.", "rationale": "Assessment first.", "layers": [ { "id": "signs", "name": "Signs", "description": "Warning changes.", "findings": [ { "id": "signs-finding", "name": "Signs", "description": "Warning changes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are there progressive memory or thinking changes that affect daily life and warrant assessment?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Should the person see a doctor for evaluation, including of treatable causes?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "urgent", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Urgent situations.", "findings": [ { "id": "urgent-finding", "name": "Urgent", "description": "Urgent situations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is there sudden confusion, a wandering person at risk or another emergency?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Which service should be contacted now?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "The disease.", "rationale": "General information.", "layers": [ { "id": "mechanism", "name": "Mechanism", "description": "What happens in the brain.", "findings": [ { "id": "mechanism-finding", "name": "Mechanism", "description": "Mechanism.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is known about the causes and brain changes of Alzheimer's disease, according to research?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own diagnosis or test results?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "risk", "name": "Risk", "description": "Risk and genetics.", "findings": [ { "id": "risk-finding", "name": "Risk", "description": "Risk.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do health authorities say about risk factors, protective factors and inherited forms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Who is eligible for genetic counselling?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "care", "name": "Care", "description": "Treatment and support.", "rationale": "Evidence-based care.", "layers": [ { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Care options.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Care options.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which treatments and supportive care exist, in general terms, and what is the evidence for new disease-modifying therapies?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which questions should be asked of the specialist?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "unproven", "name": "Unproven", "description": "Unproven treatments.", "findings": [ { "id": "unproven-finding", "name": "Unproven", "description": "Unproven treatments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this offered treatment or supplement have regulatory approval and evidence?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What do regulators warn about?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "support", "name": "Support", "description": "People and carers.", "rationale": "Support for all.", "layers": [ { "id": "orgs", "name": "Organisations", "description": "Support organisations.", "findings": [ { "id": "orgs-finding", "name": "Organisations", "description": "Support.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which organisations support people with Alzheimer's disease and their carers here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which planning tools, such as advance care planning, exist?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "research", "name": "Research", "description": "Research participation.", "findings": [ { "id": "research-finding", "name": "Research", "description": "Research.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which trials and registries are recruiting, according to registries?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How can someone discuss participation with their team?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each form be a separate entry?", "How should guidelines be linked?", "How should support services be localised?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "disease or condition", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Alzheimer's disease, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent give accurate general information on Alzheimer's disease, recognise changes needing assessment, explain diagnosis, care and research with evidence, and point to specialist care and support for people and carers without individual medical advice.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease, Alzheimer disease 16, Alzheimer disease 17, Alzheimer disease 18, Alzheimer disease 19, early-onset Alzheimer's disease, Alzheimer disease type 1, Alzheimer disease, susceptibility to, mitochondrial, Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles, Alzheimer's disease 1.", "10 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 142 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Alzheimer's disease, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by criteria applied to signs and findings, not by appearance. Two conditions can look identical and be distinguished only by test." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease", "Alzheimer disease 16", "Alzheimer disease 17", "Alzheimer disease 18", "Alzheimer disease 19", "early-onset Alzheimer's disease", "Alzheimer disease type 1", "Alzheimer disease, susceptibility to, mitochondrial", "Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles", "Alzheimer's disease 1" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 142 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 10 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Alzheimer's disease from another, and a Alzheimer's disease from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Alzheimer's disease sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Alzheimer's disease from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Alzheimer's disease passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Alzheimer's disease between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Alzheimer's disease, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Alzheimer's disease is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnosis-and-criteria", "name": "Diagnosis, criteria and coding", "description": "What makes a case of Alzheimer's disease a case, and under which revision.", "rationale": "Criteria change between revisions, so a diagnosis without its coding revision cannot be compared with a later one.", "layers": [ { "id": "criteria", "name": "Diagnostic criteria", "description": "The criteria in force and who issues them.", "findings": [ { "id": "criteria-record", "name": "Criteria, issuer and revision", "description": "What must be true for a diagnosis, according to whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "criteria-record-q01", "text": "What criteria define Alzheimer's disease, issued by which body, in which revision?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "criteria-record-q02", "text": "What changed between revisions that would reclassify existing cases?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "coding", "name": "Coding and terminology", "description": "The codes used to record it and their mapping.", "findings": [ { "id": "coding-record", "name": "Codes and mappings", "description": "Which classification codes apply and how they map.", "questions": [ { "id": "coding-record-q01", "text": "Which classification and terminology codes cover Alzheimer's disease, and how do they map to each other?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "coding-record-q02", "text": "What is lost when a case is mapped from one scheme to another?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "course-and-population", "name": "Course, population and care", "description": "How Alzheimer's disease develops, whom it affects, and what is done about it.", "rationale": "The condition, the diagnosis and the episode of care are three different things, and an agent must not merge them.", "layers": [ { "id": "course", "name": "Course and stages", "description": "Onset, progression, remission and outcome.", "findings": [ { "id": "course-record", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages recorded and what moves a case between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "course-record-q01", "text": "What course does Alzheimer's disease typically take, and what marks each stage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "course-record-q02", "text": "What separates the condition itself from an episode of care for it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "population", "name": "Affected populations", "description": "Who is affected, how often, and on what evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Prevalence and its basis", "description": "Rates with their population, period and source.", "questions": [ { "id": "epidemiology-q01", "text": "What prevalence or incidence is reported for Alzheimer's disease, in which population and period?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "epidemiology-q02", "text": "What may an agent not conclude about an individual from a population rate?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Alzheimer's disease came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Alzheimer's disease and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Alzheimer's disease is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Alzheimer's disease, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Alzheimer's disease, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Alzheimer's disease is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }