{ "model": { "rank": 700, "code": "thing-q11379", "model_id": "vr.tr.energy", "name": "energy", "purpose": "Let an agent handle energy in both senses, the physical quantity and the energy supply, with units, sources, costs and emissions stated clearly.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q11379/", "tier": 2, "score": 223, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "biocombustible", "green hydrogen", "energy costs", "distributed solar photovoltaics", "human energy", "heat of combustion", "osmotic power", "rest mass", "radiation amplitude scattered by an atom", "radiation amplitude scattered by an electron", "thermodynamic free energy", "Kerr potential", "radiant energy", "enthalpy", "internal energy", "tidal energy", "mechanical energy", "photon energy", "Gibbs free energy", "sound energy", "Hamiltonian function", "zero-point energy", "Lagrange function", "active energy", "enthalpy change of solution", "level width", "energy imparted", "mean energy imparted", "electromagnetic radiant energy", "combustion enthalpy", "enthalpy of mixing", "enthalpy of atomization", "enthalpy of sublimation", "enthalpy of vaporization", "enthalpy of neutralization", "bond enthalpy", "tidal stream generator", "Dynamic tidal power", "Specific mechanical energy", "renewable electricity" ], "aliasCount": 165, "merged": 167, "knownIn": 223, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.energy-phenomenon", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q11379", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11379", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T05:35:33Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11379", "registryId": "vr.tr.energy", "name": "energy", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11379/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.energy", "name": "energy", "purpose": "Let an agent handle energy in both senses, the physical quantity and the energy supply, with units, sources, costs and emissions stated clearly.", "definition": "Energy as a quantity and as a resource: the capacity to do work, measured in joules, and the fuels, electricity and heat that societies produce, trade and consume.", "what_it_is_for": "Powering homes, transport and industry; understanding energy systems and their impacts.", "affordances": [ "measure and meter it", "produce it, from sources such as solar, wind, fossil fuels or nuclear", "buy, sell and store it", "reduce its use and emissions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Physical quantity and societal resource", "Conserved, but degraded in use", "Sources differ in emissions and cost", "Energy and power (rate) differ" ], "appearance": "Meters, power lines, fuel, solar panels and bills; energy itself is not visible.", "visual_identification": [ "kWh on bills, MJ on fuel specifications", "Energy labels on appliances", "Sources such as green hydrogen or distributed solar" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "SI unit", "typical_range": "joule", "unit": "J", "note": "1 kWh = 3.6 MJ" }, { "quantity": "heat of combustion of natural gas", "typical_range": "about 50-55", "unit": "MJ/kg", "note": "" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "primary energy sources: fossil, nuclear, renewable", "energy carriers: electricity, hydrogen, fuels, heat", "human energy in physiology" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is the same quantity as", "target": "energy in physics", "why": "the lexical energy entry" }, { "relation": "is supplied by", "target": "energy sector", "why": "industry" }, { "relation": "is measured by", "target": "efficiency", "why": "use" }, { "relation": "produces", "target": "emissions", "why": "impact" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "SI unit symbol", "value_or_pattern": "J", "note": "joule" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "EU energy efficiency and renewable energy directives", "Energy market regulation", "ISO 50001 energy management" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Confusing kW and kWh", "Mislabelled green claims", "Energy poverty", "Hazards of stored energy" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "quantity", "name": "Quantity", "description": "How much.", "rationale": "Amounts need units and periods.", "layers": [ { "id": "amount", "name": "Amount", "description": "Joules and kWh.", "findings": [ { "id": "amount-finding", "name": "Amount", "description": "Amount and unit.", "questions": [ { "text": "How much energy, in which unit and period?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Is this energy or power?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "metering", "name": "Metering", "description": "Measured use.", "findings": [ { "id": "metering-finding", "name": "Metering", "description": "How use is measured.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is the energy use metered?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How accurate is the meter?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "source", "name": "Source", "description": "Where it comes from.", "rationale": "Source decides emissions and cost.", "layers": [ { "id": "origin", "name": "Origin", "description": "Fuel or renewable.", "findings": [ { "id": "origin-finding", "name": "Source", "description": "Energy source.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the energy source?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How is its origin certified?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "emissions", "name": "Emissions", "description": "Carbon intensity.", "findings": [ { "id": "emissions-finding", "name": "Emissions", "description": "Carbon intensity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is its carbon intensity?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which method was used?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "market", "name": "Market", "description": "Buying energy.", "rationale": "Prices and contracts matter to users.", "layers": [ { "id": "price", "name": "Price", "description": "Tariffs.", "findings": [ { "id": "price-finding", "name": "Price", "description": "Price and tariff.", "questions": [ { "text": "What does it cost per kWh, under which tariff?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which charges are included?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "support", "name": "Support", "description": "Help with bills.", "findings": [ { "id": "support-finding", "name": "Support", "description": "Support schemes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which support schemes help with energy bills?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Who is eligible?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use", "name": "Use", "description": "Saving and safety.", "rationale": "Efficient and safe use benefits everyone.", "layers": [ { "id": "saving", "name": "Saving", "description": "Efficiency.", "findings": [ { "id": "saving-finding", "name": "Saving", "description": "Ways to save.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measures would reduce use most?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "What do they cost?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "safety", "name": "Safety", "description": "Hazards.", "findings": [ { "id": "safety-finding", "name": "Safety", "description": "Energy hazards.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which hazards come with this energy use?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Who can work on installations?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "How should this entry be linked with the lexical energy entry?", "Should sources and carriers be separate entries?", "How should green claims be verified?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a energy, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle energy in both senses, the physical quantity and the energy supply, with units, sources, costs and emissions stated clearly.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: biocombustible, green hydrogen, energy costs, distributed solar photovoltaics, human energy, heat of combustion, osmotic power, rest mass, radiation amplitude scattered by an atom, radiation amplitude scattered by an electron, thermodynamic free energy, Kerr potential.", "167 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 223 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a energy, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "biocombustible", "green hydrogen", "energy costs", "distributed solar photovoltaics", "human energy", "heat of combustion", "osmotic power", "rest mass", "radiation amplitude scattered by an atom", "radiation amplitude scattered by an electron", "thermodynamic free energy", "Kerr potential" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 223 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 167 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one energy from another, and a energy from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a energy sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a energy from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a energy passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a energy between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a energy, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a energy is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What energy is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of energy are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is energy operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of energy and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of energy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as energy?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a energy came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a energy and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a energy is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a energy, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a energy, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a energy is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }