{ "model": { "rank": 1038, "code": "thing-q11410", "model_id": "vr.tr.game", "name": "game", "purpose": "Let an agent handle games by type, rules, players, age suitability and safety, and separate games from sports and gambling where law does.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q11410/", "tier": 2, "score": 196, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "maze", "inflatable castle", "Straw maze", "Inflatable bouncers", "carnival game", "shooting galleries", "skee ball", "high striker", "claw crane", "Submarine Catcher", "arcade game", "electro-mechanical game", "Coin pusher", "medal game", "Bingo Pinball", "redemption game", "merchandiser", "WowCube", "puzzle jug", "fuddling cup", "paint by number", "wikigames", "radio game show", "expansion pack", "card game expansion", "tabletop role-playing game supplement", "strip mahjong", "singing talent show", "living campaign", "educational game", "tabletop role-playing game", "Simulation-Based Education", "number game", "generic role-playing game system", "indie role-playing game", "Dungeons & Dragons retro-clone", "freeform role-playing game", "talent show", "fashion competition show", "Réalta Agus Gaolta" ], "aliasCount": 495, "merged": 502, "knownIn": 196, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.game-4", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q11410", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11410", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T05:28:49Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11410", "registryId": "vr.tr.game", "name": "game", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11410/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.game", "name": "game", "purpose": "Let an agent handle games by type, rules, players, age suitability and safety, and separate games from sports and gambling where law does.", "definition": "A structured activity undertaken for enjoyment, sometimes also for education or competition, with rules and goals, including board, card, video, outdoor and fairground games.", "what_it_is_for": "Play, entertainment, learning and social connection.", "affordances": [ "play it", "learn and teach its rules", "design and publish it", "rate it, for age suitability" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Rules and goals, played for enjoyment", "Physical, tabletop or digital", "Gambling games are regulated differently", "Sports are games with physical competition" ], "appearance": "Boards, cards, screens, mazes, bouncy castles and carnival stalls; the game is the rules and play.", "visual_identification": [ "Rules and components", "Age ratings such as PEGI or ESRB", "Carnival games and inflatables as physical play" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "board and card games", "video games", "party and carnival games", "mazes and physical play", "educational games" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "creative work", "why": "recreative work" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "sport", "why": "physical competition" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "gambling", "why": "stakes of money" }, { "relation": "has part", "target": "rules", "why": "structure" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "PEGI or ESRB rating", "value_or_pattern": "age label", "note": "video game ratings" }, { "scheme": "BoardGameGeek id", "value_or_pattern": "numeric", "note": "tabletop games" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "PEGI and ESRB rating systems", "Toy safety law such as EU Directive 2009/48/EC", "Gambling law on loot boxes in some countries", "EN 14960 for inflatable play equipment" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Small parts choking risk", "Injuries on inflatables", "Gambling-like mechanics for children", "Excessive play" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "type-and-rules", "name": "Type and rules", "description": "What game.", "rationale": "Rules define a game.", "layers": [ { "id": "type", "name": "Type", "description": "Board, card, video, physical.", "findings": [ { "id": "type-finding", "name": "Type", "description": "Game type.", "questions": [ { "text": "What type of game is it?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How many players?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "How to play.", "findings": [ { "id": "rules-finding", "name": "Rules", "description": "The rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the rules and goal?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which edition of the rules applies?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "suitability", "name": "Suitability", "description": "Who it is for.", "rationale": "Age and content suitability protect players.", "layers": [ { "id": "age", "name": "Age rating", "description": "PEGI, ESRB, toy labels.", "findings": [ { "id": "age-finding", "name": "Rating", "description": "Age rating.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is its age rating, and why?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Does it have content warnings?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "accessibility", "name": "Accessibility", "description": "Inclusive play.", "findings": [ { "id": "accessibility-finding", "name": "Accessibility", "description": "Accessibility options.", "questions": [ { "text": "What accessibility options does it offer?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Can it be played with disabilities?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "safety", "name": "Safety", "description": "Physical and financial.", "rationale": "Games can pose physical and financial risks.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical", "name": "Physical safety", "description": "Small parts, inflatables.", "findings": [ { "id": "physical-finding", "name": "Physical safety", "description": "Physical hazards.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does it have small parts or other hazards?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Is inflatable equipment certified and supervised?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "spending", "name": "Spending", "description": "In-game purchases.", "findings": [ { "id": "spending-finding", "name": "Spending", "description": "Purchases and gambling mechanics.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does it include paid loot boxes or in-game purchases?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What parental controls exist?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "creation", "name": "Creation", "description": "Makers and rights.", "rationale": "Games are creative works with rights.", "layers": [ { "id": "makers", "name": "Makers", "description": "Designers and publishers.", "findings": [ { "id": "makers-finding", "name": "Credits", "description": "Who made it.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who designed and published it?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "When?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights", "description": "Copyright and trademarks.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-finding", "name": "Rights", "description": "Rights in the game.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who holds rights to the game?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Are the rules themselves protected?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should game types be separate entries?", "How should age ratings be linked?", "How should loot boxes be classified?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a game, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle games by type, rules, players, age suitability and safety, and separate games from sports and gambling where law does.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: maze, inflatable castle, Straw maze, Inflatable bouncers, carnival game, shooting galleries, skee ball, high striker, claw crane, Submarine Catcher, arcade game, electro-mechanical game.", "502 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 196 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a game, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "maze", "inflatable castle", "Straw maze", "Inflatable bouncers", "carnival game", "shooting galleries", "skee ball", "high striker", "claw crane", "Submarine Catcher", "arcade game", "electro-mechanical game" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 196 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 502 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one game from another, and a game from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a game sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a game from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a game passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a game between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a game, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a game is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a game says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a game contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a game and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of game a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For game, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of game exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made game and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to game, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in game, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a game came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a game and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a game is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }