{ "model": { "rank": 2446, "code": "thing-q11411", "model_id": "vr.tr.backgammon", "name": "backgammon", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise backgammon, assess a recorded game state and determine which checker moves, cube decisions or settlement actions its governing rules permit.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q11411/", "tier": 2, "score": 105, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Taule", "Fevga", "Portes", "Tric Trac", "Plakoto" ], "aliasCount": 5, "merged": 5, "knownIn": 105, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q11411", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11411", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T09:19:00Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "missingProviders": [ "Grok" ], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": null, "turns": null, "seconds": 14, "error": "Error: Internal error: {\n \"message\": \"API error (status 402 Payment Required): Grok Build usage balance exhausted\",\n \"http_status\": 402\n}", "retried": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 89, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b28-956a-7451-a339-b173d551792f\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: backgammon\nRegistry id: vr.tr.backgammon\nPlane / domain: INF / INF.KNW\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA V" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11411", "registryId": "vr.tr.backgammon", "name": "backgammon", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11411/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.backgammon", "name": "backgammon", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise backgammon, assess a recorded game state and determine which checker moves, cube decisions or settlement actions its governing rules permit.", "definition": "", "scope_statement": "This model owns backgammon as a rule-governed game: its identifying conventions, board positions, turn progression, doubling and scoring conditions, and the evidence needed to interpret a particular game or match.", "in_scope": [ "Identification of backgammon and the rules profile governing a game", "Checker positions, movement directions, bar occupancy and borne-off checkers", "Dice results, legal move obligations and turn completion", "Doubling-cube state, offers, responses and applicable restrictions", "Game termination, result classification and match progression" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Manufacture, materials, ownership and physical condition of boards, checkers and dice", "Player identity, biography, general ability and account administration", "Tournament registration, scheduling and venue management", "Payments, betting accounts and financial settlement", "Implementation of game servers, interfaces and analysis engines" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Standard backgammon uses 24 points and 15 checkers per side; a record with different counts needs an explicit variant designation.", "Opponents move in opposite directions along a shared track toward their respective home boards and then bear off.", "A lone opposing checker can be hit and placed on the bar, whereas a point occupied by two or more opposing checkers blocks landing.", "A player with checkers on the bar must enter them before moving other checkers.", "Ordinary play uses two dice, with doubles supplying four moves of the rolled value; cube use and gammon scoring require the applicable rules profile to distinguish related games and variants." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Rules profile", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named ruleset, edition and explicitly recorded local variations", "why_it_matters": "Determines which movement, doubling, scoring and procedural rules apply." }, { "name": "Board position", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Checker counts by side on each of 24 points, on the bar and borne off", "why_it_matters": "Provides the position from which recognition, legality and termination can be assessed." }, { "name": "Board orientation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Point-numbering convention, each side's home board and movement direction", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a valid position or move from being misread after rotation or transcription." }, { "name": "Turn phase", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Opening roll, pre-roll decision, cube response, checker play or completed game", "why_it_matters": "Determines who may act and which actions are currently available." }, { "name": "Dice entitlement", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Rolled die values and remaining move values, including four uses for doubles", "why_it_matters": "Supports checking move sequences and whether the turn has been fully played." }, { "name": "Cube condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Cube enabled status, current value, holder or centred status, and pending offer", "why_it_matters": "Determines doubling authority and the value at stake." }, { "name": "Competition context", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Single game, money play or match play, with relevant scoring conventions", "why_it_matters": "Changes how game results and cube decisions affect the larger contest." }, { "name": "Match score", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Points per side and target points, when playing a match", "why_it_matters": "Determines match completion and score-dependent cube restrictions." }, { "name": "Game result", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Unfinished or completed, with winner, termination reason, result class and awarded points", "why_it_matters": "Separates the way a game ended from how its result is scored." }, { "name": "Record completeness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Known, unknown or disputed position, dice, cube, score and action-history components", "why_it_matters": "Prevents missing evidence from being treated as a settled game state." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify whether a supplied game record represents backgammon under a stated rules profile.", "Reconstruct and validate a position from a board observation or move record.", "Enumerate legal checker-play sequences and explain forced moves or inability to move.", "Determine whether a double may be offered and which responses are permitted.", "Compare candidate plays or cube decisions under a declared evaluation method and uncertainty.", "Classify a completed game, calculate its score and update match status." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "backgammon-identity", "name": "Backgammon identity", "description": "Establishes which backgammon conventions govern the represented game.", "rationale": "The game's name alone does not settle variant, cube or scoring rules.", "layers": [ { "id": "game-recognition", "name": "Game recognition", "description": "Tests whether the represented game has the defining structure of backgammon.", "findings": [ { "id": "recognition-evidence", "name": "Recognition evidence", "description": "Records evidence for the point layout, checker complement, opposing movement, hitting, bar entry and bearing-off mechanics.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this game use the standard 24-point board and 15 checkers per side, or is a departure explicitly identified?", "kind": "definition", "id": "recognition-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Do its hitting, bar-entry and bearing-off rules identify backgammon or require classification as a related game?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "recognition-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "governing-conventions", "name": "Governing conventions", "description": "Connects the game to the rules needed to interpret its state and actions.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-rules", "name": "Applicable rules", "description": "Records the governing rules source and explicit variations affecting play, cube use or scoring.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which rulebook, platform rules or agreed conventions govern this game, and which edition applies?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "applicable-rules-q01" }, { "text": "Which departures from standard play have been agreed, and which unresolved conventions prevent a legality or scoring decision?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "applicable-rules-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "checker-position", "name": "Checker position", "description": "Represents where the checkers are and how that position should be read.", "rationale": "Move legality depends on exact occupancy, movement direction and checker locations outside the points.", "layers": [ { "id": "position-interpretation", "name": "Position interpretation", "description": "Establishes an unambiguous reading of board coordinates and checker counts.", "findings": [ { "id": "oriented-checker-inventory", "name": "Oriented checker inventory", "description": "Records point occupancy, bar and borne-off counts using an explicit orientation for both sides.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which numbering convention, home board and movement direction apply to each side?", "kind": "definition", "id": "oriented-checker-inventory-q01" }, { "text": "How many checkers of each side occupy every point, the bar and the borne-off area, and do the totals reconcile to 15?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "oriented-checker-inventory-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "position-constraints", "name": "Position constraints", "description": "Identifies the occupancy conditions that enable or block checker movement.", "findings": [ { "id": "entry-hitting-and-home-status", "name": "Entry, hitting and home status", "description": "Records bar-entry obligations, opposing blots and blocked points, and eligibility to bear off.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which checkers must enter from the bar, and which candidate landing points are open, opposing blots or blocked?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "entry-hitting-and-home-status-q01" }, { "text": "Are all of the acting side's remaining checkers in its home board so that bearing off is permitted?", "kind": "action", "id": "entry-hitting-and-home-status-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "dice-and-checker-play", "name": "Dice and checker play", "description": "Tracks the acting side, dice entitlement and legal completion of a checker turn.", "rationale": "A plausible individual move can still form part of an illegal turn if dice-use obligations are ignored.", "layers": [ { "id": "roll-and-action-phase", "name": "Roll and action phase", "description": "Separates opening-roll resolution, pre-roll decisions and checker movement.", "findings": [ { "id": "active-roll", "name": "Active roll", "description": "Records whose action is due, the accepted dice result and the remaining move values.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is this the opening roll, a pre-roll decision or an active checker turn, and which side is entitled to act?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "active-roll-q01" }, { "text": "Which dice values were accepted, and which move values remain after accounting for doubles and moves already made?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "active-roll-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "complete-turn-legality", "name": "Complete-turn legality", "description": "Assesses entire move sequences against movement and dice-use requirements.", "findings": [ { "id": "permitted-move-sequences", "name": "Permitted move sequences", "description": "Determines legal sequences, including entry priority, intermediate landings, bearing-off conditions and mandatory dice use.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which complete sequences satisfy bar-entry priority, legal intermediate landings and exact or permitted oversized bearing-off moves?", "kind": "action", "id": "permitted-move-sequences-q01" }, { "text": "Does the sequence use both dice when possible, the higher die when only one of two different dice can be used, and as many moves as possible for doubles?", "kind": "action", "id": "permitted-move-sequences-q02" }, { "text": "If the turn ends with unused move values, what position evidence demonstrates that no required additional move was available?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "permitted-move-sequences-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "doubling-decisions", "name": "Doubling decisions", "description": "Represents cube authority, pending offers and their consequences.", "rationale": "Checker position alone cannot determine whether doubling is available or what accepting or declining means.", "layers": [ { "id": "cube-availability", "name": "Cube availability", "description": "Determines whether the acting side may offer a double.", "findings": [ { "id": "doubling-authority", "name": "Doubling authority", "description": "Records cube value and ownership alongside phase and match restrictions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is cube use enabled, what is its current value, and is it centred or held by a particular side?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "doubling-authority-q01" }, { "text": "May this side double at this point in the turn, considering cube ownership and any Crawford-game restriction?", "kind": "action", "id": "doubling-authority-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cube-offer-resolution", "name": "Cube offer resolution", "description": "Tracks an offered double until its permitted response is resolved.", "findings": [ { "id": "take-pass-consequences", "name": "Take and pass consequences", "description": "Records the offer, respondent and resulting cube or game state.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who offered the pending double, what value is proposed, and which responses does the rules profile permit?", "kind": "action", "id": "take-pass-consequences-q01" }, { "text": "What cube value and ownership follow acceptance, or what game value is awarded if the offer is declined?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "take-pass-consequences-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "game-and-match-resolution", "name": "Game and match resolution", "description": "Determines how a game ends, what it scores and whether the contest continues.", "rationale": "A win, its multiplier and its effect on a match are distinct judgments requiring different evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "termination-and-result", "name": "Termination and result", "description": "Distinguishes bearing-off completion, cube refusal, resignation and procedural endings.", "findings": [ { "id": "result-classification", "name": "Result classification", "description": "Records the termination basis and evidence for a single game, gammon or backgammon result where applicable.", "questions": [ { "text": "Did the game end through bearing off, a declined double, an accepted resignation or a ruling, and what confirms that ending?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "result-classification-q01" }, { "text": "For a bearing-off win, has the loser borne off any checkers, and if none, does the loser still have a checker on the bar or in the winner's home board?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "result-classification-q02" }, { "text": "If resignation ended the game, what result level was offered and accepted under the governing rules?", "kind": "action", "id": "result-classification-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "score-and-continuation", "name": "Score and continuation", "description": "Applies the result to the governing game or match context.", "findings": [ { "id": "award-and-next-game", "name": "Award and next game", "description": "Records awarded points, updated match score and restrictions affecting any next game.", "questions": [ { "text": "What points follow from the termination reason, applicable cube value and result multiplier, including any agreed scoring exceptions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "award-and-next-game-q01" }, { "text": "Has either side reached the match target, or must another game begin with an updated Crawford status and reset board and cube?", "kind": "action", "id": "award-and-next-game-q02" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend this entry to cover only standard two-player backgammon, or also named variants and multiplayer formats such as chouette?", "Which authoritative rules source and edition should anchor default movement, cube, resignation and scoring judgments?", "Which optional money-play conventions, including Jacoby rules, beavers and automatic doubles, must the model represent explicitly?", "Should clocks, illegal-move correction windows, disputed dice and tournament rulings belong here or in a linked competition-procedure model?", "What evidence and evaluation method are required before an agent may recommend a checker play or cube decision, and how should uncertainty be expressed?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 10, "questions": 22 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a backgammon, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise backgammon, assess a recorded game state and determine which checker moves, cube decisions or settlement actions its governing rules permit.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Taule, Fevga, Portes, Tric Trac, Plakoto.", "5 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 105 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a backgammon, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Taule", "Fevga", "Portes", "Tric Trac", "Plakoto" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 105 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 5 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one backgammon from another, and a backgammon from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a backgammon sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a backgammon from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a backgammon passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a backgammon between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a backgammon, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a backgammon is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a backgammon proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a backgammon, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a backgammon and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a backgammon consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a backgammon takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What backgammon is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of backgammon are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is backgammon operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of backgammon and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of backgammon?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as backgammon?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a backgammon came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a backgammon and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a backgammon is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a backgammon, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a backgammon, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a backgammon is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }