{ "model": { "rank": 1164, "code": "thing-q11423", "model_id": "vr.tr.mass", "name": "mass", "purpose": "Let an agent handle mass by measurement, units, uncertainty and context, including body weight, respectfully and without health judgements.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q11423/", "tier": 2, "score": 175, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "human body weight", "ideal body weight", "birth weight", "optimum weight in sport", "human birth mass", "animal birth mass", "dry weight", "landing weight", "wet weight", "set-up weight", "payload weight", "gross weight", "net weight", "operating weight", "maximum zero-fuel weight", "mean corpuscular hemoglobin", "mass excess", "tare weight", "molecular mass", "mass of a gas particle", "mass of dry matter", "mass of water", "mass of water vapour", "mass of dry gas", "nuclidic mass", "effective mass", "anthropogenic mass", "gravitational mass", "mass of component", "relative weight", "cyclotron mass", "live weight", "Jeans mass", "planetary mass", "payload capacity", "copper ingots", "fuel weight", "gas mass", "carbon dioxide equivalent mass", "Chirp mass" ], "aliasCount": 70, "merged": 71, "knownIn": 175, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.mass-group", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q11423", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11423", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T06:57:21Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11423", "registryId": "vr.tr.mass", "name": "mass", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11423/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.mass", "name": "mass", "purpose": "Let an agent handle mass by measurement, units, uncertainty and context, including body weight, respectfully and without health judgements.", "definition": "A property of a physical body measuring its amount of matter and its resistance to acceleration; the SI unit is the kilogram. In everyday use it is often called weight, as in body weight.", "what_it_is_for": "Quantifying matter in science, trade, medicine and engineering.", "affordances": [ "weigh on calibrated scales", "convert units", "state uncertainty", "track body weight with professional guidance" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Amount of matter and inertia", "Differs from weight as force", "Additive quantity", "Legal metrology for trade" ], "appearance": "Not visible; measured with balances and scales.", "visual_identification": [ "Values in kg, g, lb", "Scale readings", "Weight as force in newtons is a different quantity" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "SI unit", "typical_range": "kilogram", "unit": "kg", "note": "defined via the Planck constant since 2019" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "inertial and gravitational mass", "rest mass", "body mass", "birth mass", "mass in trade" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "physical quantity", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is measured in", "target": "kilogram", "why": "unit" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "weight", "why": "force" }, { "relation": "relates to", "target": "density and volume", "why": "quantities" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "SI base quantity", "value_or_pattern": "M", "note": "dimension symbol" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "SI Brochure", "OIML R 76 non-automatic weighing instruments", "EU Measuring Instruments Directive" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Confusing mass and weight", "Uncalibrated scales", "Stigmatising body weight" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "measurement", "name": "Measurement", "description": "Weighing.", "rationale": "Weighing needs calibration.", "layers": [ { "id": "value", "name": "Value", "description": "Result.", "findings": [ { "id": "value-finding", "name": "Value", "description": "Mass value.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the mass, in which unit?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What is the uncertainty?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "instrument", "name": "Instrument", "description": "Scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "instrument-finding", "name": "Instrument", "description": "Instrument.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which scale was used, and is it calibrated?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is it legal for trade?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physics", "name": "Physics", "description": "Concept.", "rationale": "Mass differs from weight.", "layers": [ { "id": "concept", "name": "Concept", "description": "Inertia.", "findings": [ { "id": "concept-finding", "name": "Concept", "description": "Concept.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is mass or weight as force meant?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How are they related?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "units", "name": "Units", "description": "Conversion.", "findings": [ { "id": "units-finding", "name": "Units", "description": "Units.", "questions": [ { "text": "How does this convert between kg and lb?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Is precision preserved?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "body", "name": "Body mass", "description": "Health context.", "rationale": "Body weight is personal.", "layers": [ { "id": "health", "name": "Health", "description": "Guidance.", "findings": [ { "id": "health-finding", "name": "Health", "description": "Health guidance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is professional guidance needed to interpret this weight?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Is judgement avoided?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "infants", "name": "Infants", "description": "Birth weight.", "findings": [ { "id": "infants-finding", "name": "Infants", "description": "Birth and infant weight.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is infant weight tracked against growth charts?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Who advises parents?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "trade", "name": "Trade", "description": "Legal metrology.", "rationale": "Trade weights are regulated.", "layers": [ { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "Measuring instruments.", "findings": [ { "id": "rules-finding", "name": "Rules", "description": "Metrology rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which rules apply to weighing for sale?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the instrument verified?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "labels", "name": "Labels", "description": "Net quantity.", "findings": [ { "id": "labels-finding", "name": "Labels", "description": "Net quantity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the declared net mass accurate?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What tolerance applies?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should body mass be a separate entry?", "How should mass and weight be linked?", "How should health contexts be routed?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a mass, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle mass by measurement, units, uncertainty and context, including body weight, respectfully and without health judgements.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: human body weight, ideal body weight, birth weight, optimum weight in sport, human birth mass, animal birth mass, dry weight, landing weight, wet weight, set-up weight, payload weight, gross weight.", "71 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 175 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a mass, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "human body weight", "ideal body weight", "birth weight", "optimum weight in sport", "human birth mass", "animal birth mass", "dry weight", "landing weight", "wet weight", "set-up weight", "payload weight", "gross weight" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 175 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 71 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one mass from another, and a mass from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a mass sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a mass from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a mass passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a mass between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a mass, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a mass is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What mass is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of mass are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is mass operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of mass and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of mass?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as mass?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a mass came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a mass and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a mass is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a mass, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a mass, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a mass is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }