stock exchange
Let an agent explain what a stock exchange is and how it works, relay listing, trading and disclosure rules and market data sources from exchanges and regulators, distinguish exchanges from brokers, indices and over-the-counter markets, and route investment decisions to licensed advisers.
Bundle → Layer → Finding → Questions Filled
4 bundles · 8 layers · 8 findings · 16 questions
Understand What an exchange is.
Function
Function.
Function
Function.
- What does a stock exchange do, and how does trading and price discovery work? definition
- Is the question about an exchange, a broker, an index or OTC trading? boundary
Which
Identifying an exchange.
Which
Which.
- Which exchange is meant, who operates it, and who regulates it? provenance
- Which entry fits the specific exchange? action
Rules Listing and trading rules.
Listing
Listing and disclosure.
Listing
Listing.
- What must a company do to list and stay listed, in general terms? provenance
- Which entry fits securities regulation? action
Trading
Trading rules.
Trading
Trading.
- What rules govern orders, halts, market abuse and settlement? provenance
- Is the user asking whether to buy or sell, which needs a licensed adviser? boundary
Data Market data.
Prices
Price and volume data.
Prices
Prices.
- Where are official prices, volumes and announcements published? provenance
- Is the data current and sourced? boundary
Indices
Indices.
Indices
Indices.
- Which indices summarise the exchange, and who computes them? provenance
- Which entry fits stock market indices? action
Context History and economy.
History
History.
History
History.
- How did exchanges develop from merchant houses and bourses to electronic markets? provenance
- Which references are standard? provenance
Economy
Economic role.
Economy
Economy.
- What role do exchanges play in capital formation and the economy, with debates attributed? provenance
- Is the presentation neutral? boundary
Classifiers Filled
- Family
- Thing Registry
- Category
- Society, people and institutions
- Entry kind
- thing
- Plane
- SOC
- Domain
- SOC.ORG
- Other names and narrower kinds
- casa de contratación, Tokyo Stock Exchange-Tokyo Pro Market, Fukuoka Stock Exchange-Fukuoka Pro Market, stock exchange transaction, Sapporo Stock Exchange-Sapporo Pro Frontier Market, regional stock exchange, Stock exchanges of small economies
What it is Filled
An organised and regulated marketplace where shares, bonds and other securities are listed and traded under rules on admission, disclosure and trading, operated by an exchange company and supervised by a securities regulator; stock exchanges provide price discovery, liquidity and a route for companies to raise capital, and range from global exchanges to regional and specialist markets.
Why it exists Filled
Let an agent explain what a stock exchange is and how it works, relay listing, trading and disclosure rules and market data sources from exchanges and regulators, distinguish exchanges from brokers, indices and over-the-counter markets, and route investment decisions to licensed advisers.
Distinguishing features Filled
- Regulated marketplace with admission rules
- Central order matching
- Continuous disclosure obligations for issuers
- Supervised by a regulator
What robots and AI may and may not do Filled
Must not
- Place trades or give personal investment advice.
- Spread false or misleading information that could move prices.
- Use or pass on inside information.
- Impersonate an exchange or a listed company.
Only with a human decision
- Any trade, listing or delisting decision.
May
- Explain how stock exchanges list and trade securities and how they are regulated.
- Report public market data from official sources.
Moral aspects Filled
- Markets depend on fair access to information; manipulation harms ordinary investors.
- Market swings affect pensions and jobs.
Who is affected
- Retail investors
- Pension savers
- Listed companies' workers
Owners Filled
Steward
The exchange operator, supervised by the securities regulator.
Master systems
- Exchange listing records
- Securities regulator registers
Links to other meta-models Filled
parent
- Q179076 - registry parent class
- Q750458 - registry parent class
related
- trading venue - a regulated market
- capital market - the wider system
- securities regulator - the authority
- stock market index - a measure, not a venue
What else AI and robots need to interact with it Filled
Identity and identifiers required Filled
- Vercy registry: vr.tr.stock-exchange
- Wikidata: Q11691 (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11691)
- Market Identifier Code: ISO 10383 MIC identifies each venue
- ticker symbols: per exchange identify listed securities
Direct properties not applicable Not applicable
- trading hours: about 6-9 hours per day - by exchange
- listed companies: tens to thousands companies - by exchange
Plane SOC: no invented physical properties.
Recognition optional Filled
- Regulated venue with listing rules and an order book
- Supervised by a securities regulator
- A broker gives access; an index summarises prices; OTC trading happens off exchange
- Not a single object; historically a trading floor, today mostly electronic systems with a public identity and building.
Capabilities and actions required Filled
- explain how listing and trading work
- identify an exchange and its regulator
- relay market data sources and rules
- distinguish exchange, broker, index and OTC market
Hazards and failure modes required Filled
- Market crashes and trading halts
- Market abuse and manipulation
- Technology outages
- Agents giving investment advice
Standards and interfaces required Filled
- Securities laws and exchange rulebooks
- Listing and disclosure requirements
- Market abuse and insider trading rules
- ISO 10383 market identifier codes
Context of use required Filled
- Trading securities and raising capital under rules.
- major national exchanges
- regional exchanges
- growth and professional markets for smaller issuers
- derivatives and commodity exchanges, related
- historical exchanges such as bourses and merchant houses
Sources Filled
- Wikidata item Q11691: stock exchange - identity and sense of the item
- Wikipedia: Stock exchange - general description of the item
Open questions
- Should each exchange be a separate entry?
- How should MIC codes and regulators be linked?
- The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific Japanese market segments and a historical Spanish house; should they be split off?
Machine files
Provenance
thing registry research (pass 2) · unreviewed
Built from: models/things/publications/thing-q11691/spec.json