{ "model": { "rank": 7775, "code": "thing-q11862829", "model_id": "vr.tr.academic-discipline", "name": "academic discipline", "purpose": "Let an agent handle academic disciplines by field, methods, institutions and classification schemes.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.KNW", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q11862829/", "tier": 2, "score": 53, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "forest type science", "mineral poison", "transdisciplinarity", "islamic video game", "instructional design", "branch of computer science", "area of law", "branch of psychology", "branch of history", "academic minor", "Scenic art", "Ocean Engineering", "military planning", "graduate specialization", "cultural well-being", "branch of literature", "area disciplinare", "research theme", "knowledge assembly", "educational and vocational information", "population 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no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11862829", "registryId": "vr.tr.academic-discipline", "name": "academic discipline", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.KNW" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11862829/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.academic-discipline", "name": "academic discipline", "purpose": "Let an agent handle academic disciplines by field, methods, institutions and classification schemes.", "definition": "A branch of knowledge taught and researched at the university level, with its own journals, departments, methods and professional communities, such as physics, history or instructional design.", "what_it_is_for": "Organising knowledge, teaching and research.", "affordances": [ "classify research by discipline", "find departments and programmes", "identify journals and societies", "work across disciplines" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Recognised field of study", "Own methods and communities", "Institutionalised in universities", "Boundaries shift over time" ], "appearance": "Departments, degrees, journals and conferences.", "visual_identification": [ "Discipline names and codes", "Classification schemes such as ISCED-F or OECD FORD", "Interdisciplinary fields combine disciplines" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "natural sciences", "social sciences", "humanities", "formal sciences", "applied and professional disciplines", "interdisciplinary fields" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "field of study", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "includes", "target": "science, anthropology, political science", "why": "members" }, { "relation": "is taught at", "target": "university", "why": "institution" }, { "relation": "is classified by", "target": "ISCED-F and OECD FORD", "why": "schemes" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ISCED-F code", "value_or_pattern": "UNESCO field codes", "note": "education statistics" }, { "scheme": "OECD FORD code", "value_or_pattern": "Fields of Research and Development", "note": "research statistics" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISCED-F 2013", "OECD Frascati Manual" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Misclassifying interdisciplinary work", "Treating boundaries as fixed" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "field", "name": "Field", "description": "Which discipline.", "rationale": "Disciplines differ.", "layers": [ { "id": "name", "name": "Name", "description": "Discipline.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-finding", "name": "Name", "description": "Discipline.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which discipline is meant?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What does it study?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "codes", "name": "Codes", "description": "Classification.", "findings": [ { "id": "codes-finding", "name": "Codes", "description": "Classification codes.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which ISCED-F or FORD code applies?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which version?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "methods", "name": "Methods", "description": "How it works.", "rationale": "Methods define disciplines.", "layers": [ { "id": "approach", "name": "Approach", "description": "Methods.", "findings": [ { "id": "approach-finding", "name": "Approach", "description": "Methods.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which methods characterise the discipline?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How are claims validated?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "interdisciplinary", "name": "Interdisciplinary", "description": "Crossings.", "findings": [ { "id": "interdisciplinary-finding", "name": "Interdisciplinary", "description": "Interdisciplinarity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which disciplines does it overlap with?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "How is joint work organised?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutions", "description": "Where it lives.", "rationale": "Disciplines are institutional.", "layers": [ { "id": "departments", "name": "Departments", "description": "Universities.", "findings": [ { "id": "departments-finding", "name": "Departments", "description": "Departments.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where is it taught?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which degrees are offered?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "journals", "name": "Journals", "description": "Publishing.", "findings": [ { "id": "journals-finding", "name": "Journals", "description": "Journals and societies.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which journals and societies lead the field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How are they ranked?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "change", "name": "Change", "description": "Evolution.", "rationale": "Disciplines evolve.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "Origins.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "When did the discipline emerge?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How has it changed?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "trends", "name": "Trends", "description": "Current directions.", "findings": [ { "id": "trends-finding", "name": "Trends", "description": "Trends.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are current research directions?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which reviews summarise them?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each discipline be a separate entry?", "How should classification codes be linked?", "Registry aliases include unrelated items; how should they be cleaned?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a academic discipline, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent handle academic disciplines by field, methods, institutions and classification schemes.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: forest type science, mineral poison, transdisciplinarity, islamic video game, instructional design, branch of computer science, area of law, branch of psychology, branch of history, academic minor, Scenic art, Ocean Engineering.", "178 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 53 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a academic discipline, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says" ], "howItIsRecognised": [], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "forest type science", "mineral poison", "transdisciplinarity", "islamic video game", "instructional design", "branch of computer science", "area of law", "branch of psychology", "branch of history", "academic minor", "Scenic art", "Ocean Engineering" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 53 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 178 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one academic discipline from another, and a academic discipline from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a academic discipline sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a academic discipline from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a academic discipline passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a academic discipline between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a academic discipline, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a academic discipline is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a academic discipline says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a academic discipline contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a academic discipline and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "subject-and-method", "name": "Subject matter and method", "description": "What academic discipline studies and how it establishes anything.", "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.", "layers": [ { "id": "subject", "name": "Subject matter", "description": "The questions it takes as its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "subject-record", "name": "Questions and objects of study", "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "subject-record-q01", "text": "What questions and objects does academic discipline take as its own?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "subject-record-q02", "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "method", "name": "Method and evidence", "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "method-record", "name": "Methods and standards of evidence", "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.", "questions": [ { "id": "method-record-q01", "text": "By what methods does academic discipline establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "method-record-q02", "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "institutions-and-classification", "name": "Institutions and classification", "description": "Where academic discipline is practised and how catalogues place it.", "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.", "layers": [ { "id": "institutions", "name": "Institutional markers", "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.", "findings": [ { "id": "institution-record", "name": "Bodies and venues", "description": "Where the field organises itself.", "questions": [ { "id": "institution-record-q01", "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark academic discipline as an established field?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "institution-record-q02", "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification", "name": "Classification schemes", "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-record", "name": "Codes and their disagreements", "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.", "questions": [ { "id": "classification-record-q01", "text": "Which classification schemes place academic discipline, under what codes?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classification-record-q02", "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a academic discipline came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a academic discipline and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a academic discipline is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a academic discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a academic discipline, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a academic discipline is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }