{ "model": { "rank": 6173, "code": "thing-q119253", "model_id": "vr.tr.oceanic-trench", "name": "oceanic trench", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an oceanic trench, assess its physical state and observational uncertainty, and judge whether proposed observation, access or intervention is appropriate.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.PLC", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q119253/", "tier": 2, "score": 62, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 62, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q119253", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119253", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:56:19Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0063325, "turns": 1, "seconds": 39.1, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 83.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07bb8-b075-7c93-8d7b-15c489b098c9\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: oceanic trench\nRegistry id: vr.tr.oceanic-trench\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.PLC\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (no" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q119253", "registryId": "vr.tr.oceanic-trench", "name": "oceanic trench", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.PLC" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q119253/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.oceanic-trench", "name": "oceanic trench", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an oceanic trench, assess its physical state and observational uncertainty, and judge whether proposed observation, access or intervention is appropriate.", "definition": "An oceanic trench is a long, narrow, and typically arcuate depression of the seafloor that marks the surface expression of a subduction zone, where lithosphere of an oceanic plate bends and descends into the mantle beneath an overriding plate.", "scope_statement": "This model owns an oceanic trench as a named or delineated seafloor feature, including its morphology, tectonic relationships, sedimentary and near-bottom conditions, and constraints on activities within its boundaries.", "in_scope": [ "Identification and delineation of the trench axis, floor, walls, ends and segments", "Bathymetric form, relief and evidence of morphological change", "Relationship to plate convergence, subduction and adjacent tectonic structures", "Sediment accumulation, slope instability and near-bottom environmental conditions", "Trench-specific observation coverage, operational limits and intervention sensitivities" ], "out_of_scope": [ "The complete subduction system, including the descending slab and mantle dynamics", "Individual earthquakes, tsunamis and regional hazard forecasts", "Individual organisms, species and complete ecosystem models", "Ocean-basin circulation beyond conditions affecting the trench", "Research vehicles, expeditions, permits and sample collections as independently managed entities" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Test whether bathymetry shows an elongated depression with substantial relief relative to neighbouring seafloor; an isolated deep point is insufficient.", "Test whether morphology and tectonic evidence support association with plate convergence and subduction; depth alone does not distinguish a trench from a rift valley or other basin.", "Distinguish the trench axis from a submarine canyon that cuts across a continental slope and may terminate in or intersect the trench.", "Distinguish the trench from a broader forearc basin or trough using cross-sectional form, bounding structures and position relative to the plate boundary.", "Treat hadal depth as a condition that may occur within the trench, rather than a sufficient identification test or a requirement imposed on every segment." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Trench identification confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "candidate | supported | disputed; with supporting observations", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a deep depression or inherited place name from being accepted as a trench without evidence." }, { "name": "Axis and boundary delineation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Georeferenced axis and footprint; coordinate reference system, delineation method and positional uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Establishes which observations and proposed activities concern this trench." }, { "name": "Bathymetric depth", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "m below a stated vertical datum; location, survey date and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification of the floor and deepest observed point and constrains equipment deployment." }, { "name": "Cross-sectional geometry", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Width and relief in m or km; slope in degrees; measured along identified transects", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes the depression from neighbouring landforms and identifies steep or confined operating areas." }, { "name": "Along-axis segmentation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Locally defined segments distinguished by bends, steps, gaps, sediment fill or structural transitions", "why_it_matters": "Prevents conditions measured in one segment from being assumed throughout the trench." }, { "name": "Plate-boundary relationship", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Linked converging plates, subduction interface and neighbouring forearc; evidence and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Supports trench classification and interpretation of deformation." }, { "name": "Tectonic activity assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Evidence-supported description of present activity, observation period and unresolved interpretation", "why_it_matters": "Separates current observations from assumptions based on the trench's origin." }, { "name": "Sediment cover and fill", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Thickness in m, mapped extent and substrate description; method and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Affects visible morphology, sampling choices and interpretation of sediment transport." }, { "name": "Near-bottom physical and chemical conditions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Pressure in MPa, temperature in °C, salinity with stated scale, dissolved oxygen in µmol/kg and current speed in m/s; position and time", "why_it_matters": "Constrains sensor performance, vehicle capability and interpretation of local habitat conditions." }, { "name": "Slope-instability evidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed scars, deposits, repeat-survey changes or no detected evidence; survey coverage and dates", "why_it_matters": "Informs route planning and seabed placement without treating incomplete observations as proof of stability." }, { "name": "Observation resolution and coverage", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Survey footprint, grid spacing in m, observation dates and uncertainty by segment", "why_it_matters": "Limits how confidently boundaries, deepest points and local conditions can be asserted." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify and delineate a candidate trench using bathymetric and tectonic evidence.", "Compare trench segments and identify where additional mapping or sampling would resolve uncertainty.", "Assess proposed vehicle routes, descent sites and seabed placements against depth, slope and near-bottom conditions.", "Choose sampling locations while recording substrate, habitat sensitivity and applicable access constraints.", "Detect and qualify changes in trench morphology or environmental conditions using comparable observations." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "src-noaa-trench", "title": "Ocean trenches", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Working definition, depth range, and association with subduction.", "url_status": "dead" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "trench-identity-and-extent", "name": "Trench identity and extent", "description": "Establishes what feature is being modelled and where its identity applies.", "rationale": "A trench name, a deepest sounding and a plate-boundary line can refer to different spatial extents.", "layers": [ { "id": "landform-identification", "name": "Landform identification", "description": "Tests the feature's classification against its form and tectonic setting.", "findings": [ { "id": "trench-classification-evidence", "name": "Trench classification evidence", "description": "Record the evidence supporting or challenging identification as an oceanic trench.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observed morphological and tectonic features support classifying this depression as an oceanic trench?", "kind": "definition", "id": "trench-classification-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which bathymetric surveys and geological interpretations distinguish it from a canyon, rift valley, forearc basin or other trough?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "trench-classification-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "axis-footprint-and-segments", "name": "Axis, footprint and segments", "description": "Delineates the trench independently of administrative or survey boundaries.", "findings": [ { "id": "trench-delineation", "name": "Trench delineation", "description": "Record the axis, lateral limits, endpoints and internal segments with their delineation rules.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observable breaks in slope, structural transitions or other criteria define the floor, walls and outer limits?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "trench-delineation-q01" }, { "text": "Where does the named trench end or merge with another feature, and which segment boundaries remain disputed?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "trench-delineation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "bathymetry-and-seabed-form", "name": "Bathymetry and seabed form", "description": "Describes the trench's depth, geometry and observable substrate.", "rationale": "Local depth and terrain determine recognition, survey requirements and feasible operations.", "layers": [ { "id": "depth-and-cross-sections", "name": "Depth and cross-sections", "description": "Captures spatial variation in depth and relief without reducing the trench to one maximum value.", "findings": [ { "id": "resolved-trench-geometry", "name": "Resolved trench geometry", "description": "Record the deepest observed point and representative profiles with survey limitations.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the deepest observed depth, floor width, wall slopes and relative relief for each adequately surveyed segment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "resolved-trench-geometry-q01" }, { "text": "Which vertical datum, sound-speed corrections, survey resolution and uncertainties support those measurements?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "resolved-trench-geometry-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "substrate-and-sediment-fill", "name": "Substrate and sediment fill", "description": "Separates exposed seabed form from sediment-covered or buried structure.", "findings": [ { "id": "sediment-modified-morphology", "name": "Sediment-modified morphology", "description": "Record how substrate and sediment fill affect the observed trench floor and walls.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are exposed rock, loose sediment, channels and depositional bodies observed, and what constrains sediment thickness?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "sediment-modified-morphology-q01" }, { "text": "Where does sediment fill obscure the structural depression enough to make its visible axis or limits uncertain?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "sediment-modified-morphology-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tectonic-setting-and-seabed-change", "name": "Tectonic setting and seabed change", "description": "Connects trench segments to plate interactions and evidence of deformation or sediment movement.", "rationale": "The tectonic relationship supports identification, while observed seabed change affects interpretation and activity planning.", "layers": [ { "id": "convergence-and-structural-context", "name": "Convergence and structural context", "description": "Records the trench's relationship to the converging plates and adjacent structures.", "findings": [ { "id": "plate-boundary-association", "name": "Plate-boundary association", "description": "Record the supported tectonic interpretation and its variation along the trench.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which plates and subduction structures are associated with each trench segment, and how is that relationship established?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "plate-boundary-association-q01" }, { "text": "Where does the geomorphic trench axis diverge from the mapped plate boundary or deformation front?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "plate-boundary-association-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "deformation-and-mass-movement", "name": "Deformation and mass movement", "description": "Captures evidence of changing seabed form and potentially unstable terrain.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-seabed-change", "name": "Observed seabed change", "description": "Record deformation, slope failures and sediment redistribution with temporal and causal uncertainty.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which repeat surveys or dated deposits demonstrate deformation, slope failure or sediment redistribution, and over what interval?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-seabed-change-q01" }, { "text": "How should observed instability or unresolved terrain change alter descent routes, seabed placement or repeat-survey priorities?", "kind": "action", "id": "observed-seabed-change-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "trench-environment-and-sensitivity", "name": "Trench environment and sensitivity", "description": "Records local water conditions, material transport and evidence relevant to disturbance.", "rationale": "Conditions within the trench affect both equipment feasibility and the consequences of sampling or seabed contact.", "layers": [ { "id": "near-bottom-water-conditions", "name": "Near-bottom water conditions", "description": "Locates physical and chemical measurements within the trench's vertical and along-axis structure.", "findings": [ { "id": "local-environmental-envelope", "name": "Local environmental envelope", "description": "Record measured conditions and the limits of their spatial and temporal representativeness.", "questions": [ { "text": "What pressure, temperature, salinity, oxygen and current measurements are available at the intended operating depths and locations?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "local-environmental-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "Which trench segments, heights above bottom or time periods lack observations needed to characterise the proposed activity area?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "local-environmental-envelope-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-transport-and-sensitive-seabed", "name": "Material transport and sensitive seabed", "description": "Identifies evidence of material accumulation and locations where disturbance needs special consideration.", "findings": [ { "id": "disturbance-relevant-conditions", "name": "Disturbance-relevant conditions", "description": "Record observed deposits, biological features and transport pathways relevant to intervention effects.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where do observations establish distinctive biological communities, organic deposits, contaminants or pathways of sediment transport?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "disturbance-relevant-conditions-q01" }, { "text": "What sampling limits, contact restrictions or monitoring would address the documented sensitivities and uncertainties at a proposed site?", "kind": "action", "id": "disturbance-relevant-conditions-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observation-and-activity-decisions", "name": "Observation and activity decisions", "description": "Turns trench evidence into bounded decisions about survey, access and intervention.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish what the observations justify from what equipment, permissions and local conditions allow.", "layers": [ { "id": "survey-fitness-and-comparability", "name": "Survey fitness and comparability", "description": "Determines whether available observations can answer the proposed question.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-fit-for-use", "name": "Evidence fit for use", "description": "Record coverage gaps, measurement conflicts and requirements for defensible comparison.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which claims about trench extent, maximum depth or change depend on interpolated, sparse or incompatible observations?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "evidence-fit-for-use-q01" }, { "text": "What additional survey coverage or measurement reconciliation is required before using those claims to select a site or assert change?", "kind": "action", "id": "evidence-fit-for-use-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "deployment-and-intervention-constraints", "name": "Deployment and intervention constraints", "description": "Assesses a specific proposed operation against local trench conditions and applicable authority.", "findings": [ { "id": "site-specific-operating-decision", "name": "Site-specific operating decision", "description": "Record whether an operation is supported, conditionally feasible or unresolved, with explicit reasons.", "questions": [ { "text": "Do the proposed vehicle, instruments and recovery method accommodate measured depth, pressure, slopes, currents and their uncertainties?", "kind": "action", "id": "site-specific-operating-decision-q01" }, { "text": "Which location-specific permissions and environmental conditions apply to the proposed survey, sampling or installation, and what remains unverified?", "kind": "action", "id": "site-specific-operating-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Pacific-type (ocean-continent) trench", "Mariana-type (ocean-ocean) trench", "accretionary-wedge trench", "erosional (non-accretionary) trench", "forearc-basin-associated trench", "inactive or remnant trench" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q17168", "note": "item for oceanic trench" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "IHO S-23 Limits of Oceans and Seas (International Hydrographic Organization) - names and limits of ocean basins that contain named trenches", "GEBCO Undersea Feature Names (IHO-IOC GEBCO Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names, SCUFN) - standardized names of trenches as undersea features", "UNCLOS Part VI (United Nations) - continental shelf and seabed jurisdiction adjacent to trenches; does not define the landform" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Primary sites of the deepest ocean exploration (hadal zone, >6,000 m), including crewed and uncrewed dives to Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench", "Seismological and tsunami source regions: megathrust earthquakes nucleate on the subduction interface whose seafloor trace is the trench", "Repositories of hadal biodiversity and of sediment and pollutant fluxes into the deep ocean", "Strategic and scientific bathymetry: navy and research mapping of trench axes for navigation, cable routing, and plate-tectonic models" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "maximum water depth", "typical_range": "6,000-11,000", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "axial length", "typical_range": "hundreds to ~3,000+", "unit": "km" }, { "quantity": "width of trench floor / inner slope pair", "typical_range": "tens to ~100", "unit": "km" }, { "quantity": "outer-rise to axis relief", "typical_range": "2,000-5,000", "unit": "m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Megathrust (interplate) earthquakes and associated tsunamis generated along the subduction interface seaward and landward of the trench axis", "Slope failure and turbidity currents on steep inner trench walls", "Extreme hydrostatic pressure, near-freezing temperatures, and isolation that make hadal operations a loss-of-vehicle and loss-of-life hazard", "Trench-axis sediment and contaminant focusing, including persistent organic pollutants and microplastics accumulating in hadal fauna" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Pacific 'Ring of Fire' trenches (Mariana, Tonga-Kermadec, Japan, Peru-Chile) are the type examples and the deepest; Atlantic examples are fewer and generally shallower (Puerto Rico, South Sandwich)", "Japanese and IHO usage often retain historical names (Japan Trench, Nankai Trough); 'trough' is used in some regions for a shallower or less steep subduction depression", "Hadal research communities (e.g. HADES, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology) treat trenches as discrete hadal provinces rather than a single habitat" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "oceanic trough", "difference": "A trough is a broad, often shallower elongate depression that need not mark an active subduction hinge; a trench is the steep, typically >6 km-deep surface trace of a subducting slab." }, { "name": "abyssal plain", "difference": "Abyssal plains are flat, sediment-blanketed seafloor at ~3-6 km; a trench is a steep-walled, much deeper linear depression." }, { "name": "forearc basin", "difference": "A forearc basin sits landward of the trench-slope break on the overriding plate; the trench is the seaward bathymetric axis at the plate boundary." }, { "name": "oceanic rift / mid-ocean ridge axial valley", "difference": "An axial valley is a spreading-center graben at a divergent boundary; a trench is a convergent, subduction-related depression." }, { "name": "submarine canyon", "difference": "Canyons are slope-incised, typically shelf-to-rise channels cut by turbidity currents; trenches are plate-boundary-scale features hundreds to thousands of kilometres long." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of oceanic trench this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative geomorphic and tectonic criteria should govern difficult cases such as heavily sediment-filled, weakly expressed or relict trench features?", "What boundary convention should distinguish the trench floor, walls and complete footprint when published maps disagree?", "Which survey resolution, datum controls and uncertainty thresholds are sufficient for deepest-point claims and detection of morphological change?", "How far can environmental and biological observations be generalised between trench segments or survey dates?", "What trench-specific evidence is needed to set defensible disturbance limits and assess recovery after sampling or seabed installation?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "place or geographic feature", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a oceanic trench, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise an oceanic trench, assess its physical state and observational uncertainty, and judge whether proposed observation, access or intervention is appropriate.", "characteristics": { "substance": "place", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "fixed", "scale": "geographic" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "entered, crossed or travelled along" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a oceanic trench, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a portion of the world with an extent", "physicalCharacter": [ "On the scale of a landscape, measured in kilometres.", "Stays where it was put; moving it is a project.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "enter it, cross it, travel along it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by extent on the ground and by position, not by appearance. Two places that look alike are told apart by where they are." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 62 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one oceanic trench from another, and a oceanic trench from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a oceanic trench sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a oceanic trench from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a oceanic trench is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples at geographic scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a oceanic trench is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a oceanic trench is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a oceanic trench is, how it got there and where it may go (fixed).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a oceanic trench is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a oceanic trench is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a oceanic trench passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a oceanic trench between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a oceanic trench, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a oceanic trench is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a oceanic trench and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a oceanic trench is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a oceanic trench performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a oceanic trench.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a oceanic trench at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "extent-and-geometry", "name": "Extent, geometry and naming", "description": "Where oceanic trench is, how far it reaches, and what it is called.", "rationale": "A boundary is claimed by an authority rather than observed in the world, so the claimant belongs in the record with the geometry.", "layers": [ { "id": "geometry", "name": "Geometry and reference system", "description": "Coordinates, extent and the frame they are given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "geometry-record", "name": "Geometry, precision and frame", "description": "What is recorded about position and shape, and to what accuracy.", "questions": [ { "id": "geometry-record-q01", "text": "What geometry describes oceanic trench, in which coordinate reference system, at what precision?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "geometry-record-q02", "text": "Which authority publishes that geometry, and who publishes a different one?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "names", "name": "Names and endonyms", "description": "What it is called in different languages and by different parties.", "findings": [ { "id": "naming-record", "name": "Names and who uses them", "description": "Official names, local names and contested names.", "questions": [ { "id": "naming-record-q01", "text": "By what names is oceanic trench known, in which languages, and which are official to whom?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "naming-record-q02", "text": "Where naming is contested, what should an agent record instead of choosing?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "containment-and-access", "name": "Containment, jurisdiction and access", "description": "What oceanic trench sits inside, who governs it, and who may enter.", "rationale": "Administrative containment decides which rules apply, and it changes without the place moving.", "layers": [ { "id": "containment", "name": "Administrative containment", "description": "The units it belongs to and the date each holds from.", "findings": [ { "id": "containment-record", "name": "Containing units and effective dates", "description": "Where it sits administratively and since when.", "questions": [ { "id": "containment-record-q01", "text": "Which administrative units contain oceanic trench, and since when does each containment hold?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "containment-record-q02", "text": "Which containment is disputed, and by which parties?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "access", "name": "Access and permitted use", "description": "Who may enter or use it and under what conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and their source", "description": "Entry, use and restriction, with the rule behind each.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "Who may enter or use oceanic trench, under what conditions, and by whose rule?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "What seasonal or conditional closure applies, and how is it announced?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a oceanic trench came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a oceanic trench and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a oceanic trench is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a oceanic trench, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a oceanic trench, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a oceanic trench is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 53 } } } }