{ "model": { "rank": 1279, "code": "thing-q11946202", "model_id": "vr.tr.butterfly", "name": "butterfly", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a butterfly, distinguish its taxonomic identity from an individual or population, assess its life-stage-specific condition, and choose appropriate observation or care actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q11946202/", "tier": 2, "score": 160, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 160, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.butterfly", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q11946202", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11946202", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:08:09Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 28.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b8c-b2cf-78f3-88f7-681b27fb5e2a\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: butterfly\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.LIV\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 210 things:\n# Batch 001: 1001 regist", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 76.3, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b8c-b2c2-7932-845f-6a0d4b15f9a3\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: butterfly\nRegistry id: vr.tr.butterfly\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q11946202", "registryId": "vr.tr.butterfly", "name": "butterfly", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q11946202/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.butterfly", "name": "butterfly", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise a butterfly, distinguish its taxonomic identity from an individual or population, assess its life-stage-specific condition, and choose appropriate observation or care actions.", "definition": "A butterfly is an insect belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea within Lepidoptera, a group including skippers whose members undergo complete metamorphosis through egg, caterpillar, pupa and adult stages.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the organism sense of butterfly for vr.tr.butterfly in PHY.LIV, covering butterfly-specific identification, development, ecological dependencies, condition and interactions while keeping taxon, population and individual records distinct.", "in_scope": [ "Butterfly identity, identification evidence and uncertainty at taxon, population and individual levels", "Egg, larval, pupal and adult stages and their different requirements", "Wing, antenna and body features used in identification and condition assessment", "Larval host plants, adult food resources, habitat and seasonal occurrence", "Reproduction, movement, population pressures and appropriate observation or intervention" ], "out_of_scope": [ "General insect anatomy and physiology except where needed to interpret butterfly features", "Independent models of moths and other neighbouring insect groups", "Host-plant taxonomy and plant health beyond their relationship to butterflies", "Whole-ecosystem management beyond butterfly dependencies and effects", "Butterfly imagery, symbolism, swimming strokes and mechanical devices", "Collection objects and traded specimens beyond their provenance as organisms" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Check identification against a documented butterfly taxonomic treatment; colour, daylight activity or resting posture alone does not establish the boundary with moths.", "For adults, examine antenna shape, wing pattern on both surfaces, venation and body proportions together rather than relying on one visual cue.", "For eggs, caterpillars and pupae, require stage-specific diagnostic evidence or a supported link to an identified adult; a caterpillar on a plant is not automatically a butterfly.", "Distinguish natural pattern variation, seasonal form and sexual dimorphism from abrasion, deformity or injury.", "State whether a claim concerns the butterfly group, a named species, a local population or one organism before applying it." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Referent level", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "group concept | taxon | population | individual | occurrence observation", "why_it_matters": "Prevents species-level conservation assessments from being mistaken for an individual's condition." }, { "name": "Taxonomic determination", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "accepted name at supported rank, authority, taxonomic source and version, determination date, confidence and verified external identifiers", "why_it_matters": "Butterfly is broader than a species and cannot be assigned one binomial or species-level identifier." }, { "name": "Developmental stage", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "egg | larva with instar if supported | pupa | adult | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Identification, food requirements, mobility and vulnerability change across metamorphosis." }, { "name": "Diagnostic morphology", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "stage-specific antenna, wing, body and pattern characters, with views and evidence", "why_it_matters": "Supports identification and separates diagnostic traits from damage or variation." }, { "name": "Adult size", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "forewing length or wingspan in mm, with method and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Size can support identification, but measurements from different methods are not interchangeable." }, { "name": "Sex and reproductive condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "sex where supported; mating or egg-laying evidence; unknown when unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Helps interpret dimorphism and reproductive behaviour without inferring sex from colour alone." }, { "name": "Resource association", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "plant or other resource identity, butterfly stage, interaction type and evidence strength", "why_it_matters": "Separates a larval food plant from an adult feeding site, resting surface or unconfirmed association." }, { "name": "Occurrence and seasonal context", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "location, date, habitat, weather, observed stage and residency interpretation", "why_it_matters": "Makes an observation interpretable without treating a single sighting as evidence of a breeding population." }, { "name": "Condition and activity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "feeding, resting, flying, moulting, emerging, inactive, injured or dead, with observed signs", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes stage-appropriate behaviour from evidence that may justify intervention." }, { "name": "Population and conservation context", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "assessed taxon or population, geography, assessment scheme, status, year and source", "why_it_matters": "Avoids assigning one conservation status to all butterflies or applying an assessment outside its scope." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify a butterfly to the narrowest supported rank and request the missing diagnostic views.", "Record stage-specific observations and link repeat observations only when identity continuity is supported.", "Evaluate whether observed plants and habitat provide evidenced larval and adult resources.", "Interpret activity and visible condition using developmental stage, weather and observation history.", "Plan low-disturbance monitoring and compare counts with observation effort recorded.", "Evaluate handling, rearing, movement or habitat actions against species needs, uncertainty and applicable restrictions." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "butterfly-identity", "name": "Butterfly identity", "description": "Establish what the record refers to and how butterfly identification is supported.", "rationale": "The common name spans multiple taxa, and immature stages can be difficult to distinguish from neighbouring groups.", "layers": [ { "id": "taxonomic-boundary", "name": "Taxonomic boundary", "description": "Keep the butterfly group concept separate from determinations of particular organisms.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-taxonomic-placement", "name": "Supported taxonomic placement", "description": "Record the adopted taxonomic treatment and the finest identification justified by evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which taxonomic treatment defines butterfly here, and which neighbouring groups does it include or exclude?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-taxonomic-placement-q01" }, { "text": "What accepted name, authority and verified GBIF or NCBI identifier, where available, match the supported rank and source version?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-taxonomic-placement-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnostic-evidence", "name": "Diagnostic evidence", "description": "Capture the observations needed to distinguish similar butterflies and non-butterflies.", "findings": [ { "id": "stage-specific-identification", "name": "Stage-specific identification", "description": "Make determinations traceable to diagnostic characters rather than general resemblance.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which visible characters of this life stage distinguish the candidate from locally plausible lookalikes?", "kind": "definition", "id": "stage-specific-identification-q01" }, { "text": "Which additional wing surface, antenna detail, scale reference or expert determination would resolve the remaining uncertainty?", "kind": "action", "id": "stage-specific-identification-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "metamorphosis-and-reproduction", "name": "Metamorphosis and reproduction", "description": "Represent development and reproduction without treating adult appearance as the whole organism.", "rationale": "A butterfly's requirements and observable condition change substantially between egg, larva, pupa and adult.", "layers": [ { "id": "developmental-transitions", "name": "Developmental transitions", "description": "Track life stages and the evidence connecting them.", "findings": [ { "id": "stage-and-transition-history", "name": "Stage and transition history", "description": "Record observed development while preserving uncertainty about age, instar and continuity of identity.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence establishes the current stage or larval instar, and when was it observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "stage-and-transition-history-q01" }, { "text": "What observation links an egg, larva, pupa and adult as the same individual rather than separate nearby organisms?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "stage-and-transition-history-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sex-and-breeding", "name": "Sex and breeding", "description": "Interpret reproductive traits and behaviour in the identified taxon's context.", "findings": [ { "id": "reproductive-evidence", "name": "Reproductive evidence", "description": "Separate supported sex determination and breeding observations from assumptions based on appearance or presence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which taxon-specific characters support sex determination, and could seasonal or individual variation explain the appearance?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "reproductive-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Has courtship, mating, egg laying or successful local development been observed, and what evidence supports that record?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "reproductive-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "resources-and-habitat", "name": "Resources and habitat", "description": "Connect butterfly stages to food, shelter and suitable environmental conditions.", "rationale": "An adult feeding site does not by itself establish that the habitat supports larval development or a complete life cycle.", "layers": [ { "id": "stage-specific-food", "name": "Stage-specific food", "description": "Distinguish larval host use from adult resource use.", "findings": [ { "id": "verified-resource-use", "name": "Verified resource use", "description": "Record the resource and actual interaction without promoting proximity into evidence of dependence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Was the butterfly feeding, laying eggs or merely resting, and on which identified resource?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "verified-resource-use-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence shows that larvae can develop on the proposed host rather than merely encounter it?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "verified-resource-use-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "habitat-and-season", "name": "Habitat and season", "description": "Describe where and when relevant life stages can be supported.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-cycle-habitat-support", "name": "Life-cycle habitat support", "description": "Assess resources and conditions across the life cycle rather than from adult sightings alone.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which larval feeding sites, pupation sites, adult resources and seasonal refuges are documented at this location?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "life-cycle-habitat-support-q01" }, { "text": "Does the occurrence represent breeding, seasonal passage, dispersal or an unresolved presence?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "life-cycle-habitat-support-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "individual-condition-and-care", "name": "Individual condition and care", "description": "Interpret the state of a particular butterfly and evaluate possible intervention.", "rationale": "Wing wear, inactivity and developmental transitions can be misread without stage and environmental context.", "layers": [ { "id": "condition-observation", "name": "Condition observation", "description": "Separate visible signs from inferred causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "activity-and-physical-integrity", "name": "Activity and physical integrity", "description": "Document movement, feeding and physical condition alongside circumstances that affect interpretation.", "questions": [ { "text": "What wing or body damage, movement and feeding behaviour were directly observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "activity-and-physical-integrity-q01" }, { "text": "Could weather, resting, moulting or recent emergence explain the observed inactivity or appearance?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "activity-and-physical-integrity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "intervention-choice", "name": "Intervention choice", "description": "Connect proposed handling or care to a specific need and supported method.", "findings": [ { "id": "justified-care-action", "name": "Justified care action", "description": "Evaluate an intervention against identity, stage, condition and the consequences of moving an organism.", "questions": [ { "text": "What observed problem would handling, feeding, rearing or relocation address, and what supports the proposed method?", "kind": "action", "id": "justified-care-action-q01" }, { "text": "What species-specific needs, disease-transfer concerns or local restrictions must be resolved before the action?", "kind": "action", "id": "justified-care-action-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "population-evidence-and-conservation", "name": "Population evidence and conservation", "description": "Interpret butterfly occurrence, abundance and conservation assessments at their proper scale.", "rationale": "Sightings vary with season and detectability, while conservation assessments apply to specified taxa and geographies.", "layers": [ { "id": "monitoring-and-movement", "name": "Monitoring and movement", "description": "Make population observations comparable and movement interpretations explicit.", "findings": [ { "id": "interpretable-butterfly-counts", "name": "Interpretable butterfly counts", "description": "Retain survey conditions and distinguish observed counts from estimates of population size.", "questions": [ { "text": "What route, duration, weather, date and life stages were covered by the count?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "interpretable-butterfly-counts-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence separates a change in local abundance from seasonal timing, movement or altered detectability?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "interpretable-butterfly-counts-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "assessment-and-response", "name": "Assessment and response", "description": "Tie status and habitat actions to the relevant butterfly taxon or population.", "findings": [ { "id": "scoped-conservation-evidence", "name": "Scoped conservation evidence", "description": "Record assessment provenance and connect proposed responses to documented local pressures.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which taxon, geographic scope, assessment year and source support the stated conservation status?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "scoped-conservation-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented pressure would a proposed habitat or management change address, and how would its effect be checked?", "kind": "action", "id": "scoped-conservation-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the organism-group sense from recall; no sources were consulted.", "The six kinds are not exhaustive: modern Papilionoidea also includes Hedylidae, commonly called moth-butterflies; verify the classification and nomenclatural authority before publication.", "No single native range, sexual-dimorphism pattern or IUCN status applies to all butterflies; species-level identifiers and dated assessments require verification." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Swallowtails (Papilionidae)", "Whites and sulphurs (Pieridae)", "Brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae)", "Blues, coppers and hairstreaks (Lycaenidae)", "Metalmarks (Riodinidae)", "Skippers (Hesperiidae)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Zoological scientific nomenclature", "value_or_pattern": "Papilionoidea", "note": "A superfamily name; butterfly denotes a taxonomic group, not one species with a single binomial." }, { "scheme": "GBIF taxon key", "value_or_pattern": "Integer identifier", "note": "Identifies a taxon record in GBIF; the relevant taxonomic rank and accepted-name status require checking." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy ID", "value_or_pattern": "Integer identifier", "note": "Identifies a taxon in NCBI Taxonomy; species and higher groups have separate records." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, maintained by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, governs zoological names.", "IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria provide a framework for assessing extinction risk; they are not legal protection.", "CITES regulates international trade in listed butterfly taxa through implementation by its Parties." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Ecological monitoring using butterfly abundance, distribution and community composition.", "Research on metamorphosis, mimicry, migration and relationships between insects and host plants.", "Pollination by flower-visiting adults, with importance varying among species and plants.", "Nature education, photography and wildlife tourism." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Adult wingspan", "typical_range": "Approximately 1-30 across species; unsuitable as a species identification criterion alone", "unit": "cm" }, { "quantity": "Life-cycle duration", "typical_range": "Weeks to more than a year, depending on species, temperature and diapause", "unit": "time" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Loss or fragmentation of habitat can remove larval host plants, adult food sources and breeding sites.", "Insecticide exposure can kill butterflies or impair development and reproduction.", "Climate change can alter suitable ranges and seasonal alignment with host plants.", "Introduced butterflies or captive releases can spread pathogens or disrupt local populations.", "Some species have caterpillars that damage crops; this does not characterize butterflies generally." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Species richness is generally greatest in tropical regions, but butterflies also occupy temperate and some polar environments.", "Host plants, flight seasons and the number of generations per year vary with local climate and species.", "Native, migratory and introduced status must be established for a particular species and region." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Moth", "difference": "Moth generally denotes Lepidoptera outside the butterfly group; daytime activity or resting wing position alone cannot reliably separate them." }, { "name": "Skipper", "difference": "Skippers are butterflies in Hesperiidae, a subgroup rather than a separate equivalent category." }, { "name": "Caterpillar", "difference": "A caterpillar is a larval life stage of a butterfly or moth, not a separate taxonomic group." }, { "name": "Butterfly species", "difference": "A species is a particular taxon within the broader butterfly group; an individual is one organism, and a population comprises members of a species in a defined area." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of butterfly this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which taxonomic authority and dated treatment should define the butterfly boundary, including the treatment of skippers and other potentially ambiguous groups?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already cover this concept, and which broader insect model should supply inherited characteristics?", "Which authoritative identification resources support immature stages and difficult lookalikes in the intended geographic coverage?", "Which species-specific sources establish native range, host use, seasonal forms and overwintering stages without generalising across all butterflies?", "Which current conservation assessments and jurisdiction-specific handling or movement rules should be linked for each identified taxon and location?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a butterfly, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise a butterfly, distinguish its taxonomic identity from an individual or population, assess its life-stage-specific condition, and choose appropriate observation or care actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 160 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a butterfly, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 160 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one butterfly from another, and a butterfly from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a butterfly sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a butterfly from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a butterfly is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a butterfly and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a butterfly is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a butterfly is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a butterfly is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a butterfly moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a butterfly passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a butterfly between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a butterfly, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a butterfly is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What butterfly is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of butterfly, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate butterfly from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish butterfly from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What butterfly does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does butterfly pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of butterfly judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where butterfly lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of butterfly, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does butterfly hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a butterfly came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a butterfly and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a butterfly is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a butterfly, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a butterfly, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a butterfly is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }