{ "model": { "rank": 1280, "code": "thing-q12090", "model_id": "vr.tr.cholera", "name": "cholera", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise suspected cholera, assess illness and transmission states, and support evidence-based care escalation and public-health response.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q12090/", "tier": 2, "score": 160, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "cholera infantum", "Vibrio cholerae O139 cholera", "El Tor cholera" ], "aliasCount": 3, "merged": 3, "knownIn": 160, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.cholera", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q12090", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12090", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:08:34Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 23.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b8c-f8c3-7183-8b76-161639de7ba3\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: cholera\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: ACT.ACT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 210 things:\n# Batch 001: 1001 register", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 83.7, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b8c-f8ca-7030-9cf2-eb9c5864ba96\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: cholera\nRegistry id: vr.tr.cholera\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nContext " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q12090", "registryId": "vr.tr.cholera", "name": "cholera", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q12090/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.cholera", "name": "cholera", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise suspected cholera, assess illness and transmission states, and support evidence-based care escalation and public-health response.", "definition": "Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by cholera-toxin-producing Vibrio cholerae, usually acquired through contaminated water or food, that can cause profuse watery diarrhoea and rapidly fatal dehydration.", "scope_statement": "This draft models vr.tr.cholera, registered under ACT / ACT.ACT, as the human infectious disease associated with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 or O139, connecting individual episodes to population transmission while keeping clinical assessment and surveillance classification distinct.", "in_scope": [ "Cholera-specific disease identity and boundaries with other diarrhoeal illnesses", "Suspected and confirmed episodes, diagnostic evidence and classification changes", "Fluid-loss severity, care urgency and episode outcomes", "Exposure pathways and evidence linking cases to transmission", "Cholera surveillance, prevention and response evaluation" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Vibrio cholerae taxonomy and organism biology beyond disease-relevant attributes", "Other causes of acute watery diarrhoea and non-cholera vibriosis", "General dehydration management outside a cholera episode", "Engineering specifications for water and sanitation infrastructure", "Vaccine manufacturing, pharmaceutical formulation and general immunisation systems" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Record organism identification, serogroup and toxigenicity separately: detecting V. cholerae alone does not establish epidemic cholera. [CDC clinical detection](https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/php/laboratories/cholera-clinical-detection.html)", "Acute watery diarrhoea supports suspicion but does not uniquely distinguish cholera from other enteric infections. [CDC diagnosis](https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/hcp/case-definition/index.html)", "A positive rapid diagnostic test supplies outbreak-warning evidence rather than definitive individual confirmation; retain culture or PCR evidence separately. [CDC diagnosis](https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/hcp/case-definition/index.html)", "Distinguish symptomatic disease from asymptomatic infection; absence of severe diarrhoea does not establish absence of infection. [WHO cholera fact sheet](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera)", "Record the outbreak context and case-definition version because surveillance criteria change with context. [CDC case definitions](https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/hcp/case-definition/index.html)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Clinical presentation", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Asymptomatic infection; acute watery diarrhoea; other presentation; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Separates infection evidence from observed illness." }, { "name": "Surveillance classification", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Classification under a named, dated jurisdictional definition, with pending and excluded states", "why_it_matters": "Makes counts interpretable when definitions or outbreak context change." }, { "name": "Pathogen evidence", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Method and result; O1/O139/other/unresolved serogroup; toxigenicity detected/not detected/not tested", "why_it_matters": "Prevents unsupported confirmation from a generic organism result." }, { "name": "Dehydration assessment", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "No, some or severe dehydration under a named clinical protocol; unassessed; assessment time", "why_it_matters": "Supports care urgency and reassessment." }, { "name": "Fluid balance observations", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Intake and measured losses in mL per stated interval; weight in kg; measurement or estimation method", "why_it_matters": "Makes continuing losses and response to care visible." }, { "name": "Episode timing", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Dated exposure interval, symptom onset, presentation, specimen collection and treatment initiation; elapsed hours", "why_it_matters": "Supports exposure investigation and identifies care delays." }, { "name": "Exposure linkage", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Links to water, food, households, travel or clusters, each with evidence and confidence", "why_it_matters": "Separates plausible transmission hypotheses from demonstrated links." }, { "name": "Episode outcome", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Ongoing care; recovered; transferred; died; lost to follow-up; unknown", "why_it_matters": "Supports follow-up and avoids treating missing outcomes as recovery." }, { "name": "Cholera vaccination history", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Product, dose dates, documentation source and applicable schedule", "why_it_matters": "Supports prevention assessment without assuming vaccination excludes cholera." }, { "name": "Population burden", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Cases and deaths by classification, place and interval; incidence and case-fatality proportion with explicit denominators", "why_it_matters": "Allows comparison while exposing reporting and ascertainment differences." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify an episode against an explicit cholera case definition and explain missing evidence.", "Flag urgent clinical review from recorded dehydration and deterioration assessments.", "Track stool-testing requests and reconcile provisional classifications with laboratory results.", "Construct time-and-place clusters while preserving uncertainty in exposure attribution.", "Identify gaps in access to cholera care, safe water, sanitation and vaccination.", "Prepare surveillance summaries and response options for review by authorised health personnel." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "cholera-identity-and-confirmation", "name": "Cholera identity and confirmation", "description": "Establish what qualifies as cholera and how each episode is supported.", "rationale": "Watery diarrhoea, organism detection and confirmed cholera are different evidential states.", "layers": [ { "id": "disease-boundary", "name": "Disease boundary", "description": "Separate the disease concept from its pathogen and neighbouring syndromes.", "findings": [ { "id": "etiological-membership", "name": "Etiological membership", "description": "Record whether evidence supports toxigenic O1/O139 infection or a neighbouring Vibrio-associated illness.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence identifies the organism, serogroup and toxigenicity independently?", "kind": "definition", "id": "etiological-membership-q01" }, { "text": "Does this record concern symptomatic cholera, asymptomatic infection or a different Vibrio-associated illness?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "etiological-membership-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnostic-evidence", "name": "Diagnostic evidence", "description": "Preserve specimen, assay and interpretation provenance.", "findings": [ { "id": "confirmation-chain", "name": "Confirmation chain", "description": "Connect each interpretation to specimen timing, test method, laboratory report and unresolved limitations.", "questions": [ { "text": "When was the stool specimen collected relative to symptom onset and antimicrobial exposure?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "confirmation-chain-q01" }, { "text": "Which culture, PCR or rapid-test results are available, and what does each actually establish?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "confirmation-chain-q02" }, { "text": "What additional testing or review is needed to resolve discordant or incomplete results?", "kind": "action", "id": "confirmation-chain-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "fluid-loss-and-care", "name": "Fluid loss and care", "description": "Represent the evolving clinical episode and its response to care.", "rationale": "Cholera can cause rapidly dangerous dehydration; rehydration should not await laboratory confirmation. [WHO](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera), [CDC](https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/hcp/case-definition/index.html)", "layers": [ { "id": "dehydration-trajectory", "name": "Dehydration trajectory", "description": "Track dated observations of losses, hydration and deterioration.", "findings": [ { "id": "time-sensitive-severity", "name": "Time-sensitive severity", "description": "Treat severity as a repeated assessment rather than a fixed episode label.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observed signs support the recorded dehydration category under the selected protocol?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "time-sensitive-severity-q01" }, { "text": "How have stool losses, vomiting, intake and hydration changed since the previous assessment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "time-sensitive-severity-q02" }, { "text": "Does the current assessment require immediate escalation under the applicable clinical protocol?", "kind": "action", "id": "time-sensitive-severity-q03" } ] } ] }, { "id": "care-and-response", "name": "Care and response", "description": "Link delivered care to reassessment and disposition.", "findings": [ { "id": "rehydration-and-adjuncts", "name": "Rehydration and adjuncts", "description": "Record rehydration delivery, clinician-directed adjuncts and observed response without embedding a universal prescription.", "questions": [ { "text": "What fluids were actually delivered, by which route and over what interval?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "rehydration-and-adjuncts-q01" }, { "text": "Which protocol and patient factors support any antimicrobial decision, and what susceptibility evidence was considered?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "rehydration-and-adjuncts-q02" }, { "text": "What reassessment supports continuing care, transfer or discharge?", "kind": "action", "id": "rehydration-and-adjuncts-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "exposure-and-transmission", "name": "Exposure and transmission", "description": "Connect episodes to plausible ingestion exposures and local transmission.", "rationale": "Cholera spreads through contaminated food or water, making exposure pathways central to investigation. [WHO cholera fact sheet](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera)", "layers": [ { "id": "exposure-reconstruction", "name": "Exposure reconstruction", "description": "Reconstruct dated food, water and travel histories.", "findings": [ { "id": "candidate-exposure-pathways", "name": "Candidate exposure pathways", "description": "Keep alternative exposure explanations visible and attach evidence to each.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which drinking-water sources, foods and travel locations occurred within the investigation's stated exposure window?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "candidate-exposure-pathways-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence supports each candidate exposure beyond its proximity to a case?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "candidate-exposure-pathways-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cluster-linkage", "name": "Cluster linkage", "description": "Assess connections among cases, shared exposures and environmental findings.", "findings": [ { "id": "transmission-attribution", "name": "Transmission attribution", "description": "Distinguish shared-source hypotheses, possible onward spread and unrelated introductions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which onset dates and shared exposures support grouping these episodes together?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "transmission-attribution-q01" }, { "text": "How do laboratory typing and environmental results strengthen or weaken the proposed linkage?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "transmission-attribution-q02" }, { "text": "Which targeted investigation would best distinguish the remaining transmission explanations?", "kind": "action", "id": "transmission-attribution-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "surveillance-and-outbreak-state", "name": "Surveillance and outbreak state", "description": "Translate episode evidence into traceable counts and outbreak assessments.", "rationale": "An agent must preserve how cholera classifications and denominators were produced before interpreting trends.", "layers": [ { "id": "case-counting", "name": "Case counting", "description": "Apply a versioned surveillance definition to a specified population and period.", "findings": [ { "id": "classification-context", "name": "Classification context", "description": "Keep surveillance classification distinct from clinical assessment and retain its revision history.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authority, definition version and outbreak context governed this classification?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "classification-context-q01" }, { "text": "How are duplicate reports, transfers and subsequent laboratory reclassifications reconciled?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "classification-context-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "outbreak-interpretation", "name": "Outbreak interpretation", "description": "Interpret cholera signals alongside testing coverage and reporting limitations.", "findings": [ { "id": "signal-and-ascertainment", "name": "Signal and ascertainment", "description": "Record the evidence supporting an alert or outbreak-state change and the uncertainty in reported burden.", "questions": [ { "text": "What local criteria and evidence support an alert, declaration or closure, and who made that determination?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "signal-and-ascertainment-q01" }, { "text": "Could changes in testing, reporting delays or access to care explain the apparent trend?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "signal-and-ascertainment-q02" }, { "text": "Which cases, deaths, population denominator and time interval underlie each reported rate?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "signal-and-ascertainment-q03" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "prevention-and-response-reach", "name": "Prevention and response reach", "description": "Connect cholera-control measures to identified exposure and service gaps.", "rationale": "Cholera control combines water, sanitation, hygiene, vaccination, surveillance and accessible treatment. [WHO cholera fact sheet](https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera)", "layers": [ { "id": "exposure-interruption", "name": "Exposure interruption", "description": "Assess whether measures reach the suspected transmission pathways.", "findings": [ { "id": "water-sanitation-and-hygiene-response", "name": "Water, sanitation and hygiene response", "description": "Link proposed and implemented measures to specific cholera exposure hypotheses.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which implicated water, food or faecal-contamination pathway does each measure address?", "kind": "action", "id": "water-sanitation-and-hygiene-response-q01" }, { "text": "What observations verify that affected households can obtain and consistently use the intended protection?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "water-sanitation-and-hygiene-response-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "vaccination-and-care-access", "name": "Vaccination and care access", "description": "Evaluate whether preventive and clinical services reach the affected population.", "findings": [ { "id": "oral-cholera-vaccine-reach", "name": "Oral cholera vaccine reach", "description": "Record campaign eligibility, delivery and coverage against the policy applicable at the time.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which dated policy specifies the vaccine product, eligible population and dose schedule?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "oral-cholera-vaccine-reach-q01" }, { "text": "What denominator and dose records support coverage estimates, and which groups were missed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "oral-cholera-vaccine-reach-q02" } ] }, { "id": "timely-care-reach", "name": "Timely care reach", "description": "Identify barriers between diarrhoea onset, rehydration access and clinical care.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where do travel time, cost, supply shortages or communication barriers delay access to cholera care?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "timely-care-reach-q01" }, { "text": "Which service change addresses the documented delay, and how will its effect be assessed?", "kind": "action", "id": "timely-care-reach-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This describes the infectious disease sense; the supplied ACT.ACT domain assignment warrants review.", "The listed kinds classify established epidemic-associated organisms; serogroup, biotype, and toxin production are distinct properties.", "Recalled information only; current surveillance definitions, regulatory requirements, and regional strain distributions should be checked." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Cholera caused by V. cholerae O1, classical biotype", "Cholera caused by V. cholerae O1, El Tor biotype", "Cholera caused by V. cholerae O139" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ICD-10", "value_or_pattern": "A00", "note": "Cholera; subcategories distinguish classical-biotype infection, El Tor infection, and unspecified cholera." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "World Health Organization guidance on cholera surveillance, prevention, and clinical management.", "World Health Organization International Health Regulations (2005): cholera events are assessed using the Annex 2 decision instrument to determine international notification requirements." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Clinical recognition and management of acute watery diarrhoea and dehydration.", "Laboratory confirmation and outbreak surveillance.", "Planning safe-water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions.", "Planning oral cholera vaccination campaigns." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Incubation period", "typical_range": "Approximately 12-120", "unit": "hours" }, { "quantity": "Outbreak case-fatality ratio with appropriate treatment", "typical_range": "Expected to remain below 1", "unit": "%" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Rapid fluid and electrolyte loss can cause hypovolaemic shock, kidney injury, and death.", "Delayed or inadequate rehydration greatly increases mortality.", "Contaminated water and inadequate sanitation can sustain large outbreaks.", "Mild or asymptomatic infections can escape surveillance while contributing to transmission.", "Antimicrobial resistance can reduce the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Cholera occurs in both endemic settings and episodic outbreaks; risk depends strongly on access to safe water and sanitation.", "Conflict, displacement, and disrupted water infrastructure can increase outbreak risk.", "O1 has a broad geographic distribution; O139 has historically been associated mainly with Asia." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Vibrio cholerae", "difference": "The bacterial species is the organism; cholera is a disease caused by particular toxigenic strains." }, { "name": "Acute watery diarrhoea", "difference": "This is a clinical syndrome with multiple possible causes; cholera specifies an infectious cause." }, { "name": "Dysentery", "difference": "Dysentery involves inflammatory diarrhoea with visible blood; cholera typically causes watery, non-bloody diarrhoea." }, { "name": "Non-cholera vibriosis", "difference": "Other Vibrio infections can cause gastrointestinal, wound, or bloodstream disease without constituting epidemic cholera." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of cholera this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy disease or world model already own cholera, and should this registry entry link to it instead of receiving a separate publication?", "How should the inherited ACT / ACT.ACT placement connect to biological disease and public-health concepts without changing registry identity?", "Which jurisdictional case definitions and outbreak declaration or closure criteria should the completed model operationalise?", "How should asymptomatic toxigenic O1/O139 infection be represented relative to symptomatic cholera episodes and surveillance counts?", "Which locally applicable clinical, antimicrobial-susceptibility and oral-vaccine policies must be researched before the model can support operational decisions?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 20, "questions": 36 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a cholera, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise suspected cholera, assess illness and transmission states, and support evidence-based care escalation and public-health response.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: cholera infantum, Vibrio cholerae O139 cholera, El Tor cholera.", "3 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 160 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a cholera, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "cholera infantum", "Vibrio cholerae O139 cholera", "El Tor cholera" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 160 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 3 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one cholera from another, and a cholera from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a cholera sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a cholera from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a cholera passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a cholera between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a cholera, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a cholera is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a cholera proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a cholera, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a cholera and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a cholera consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a cholera takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What cholera is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of cholera are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is cholera operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of cholera and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of cholera?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as cholera?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a cholera came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a cholera and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a cholera is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a cholera, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a cholera, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a cholera is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }