{ "model": { "rank": 2702, "code": "thing-q12252383", "model_id": "vr.tr.rubus-idaeus", "name": "Rubus idaeus", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a candidate Rubus idaeus plant, assess its canes, root system and reproductive state, and choose evidence-supported care, propagation or harvest actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q12252383/", "tier": 2, "score": 99, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 99, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q12252383", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12252383", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T11:12:36Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00823004, "turns": 1, "seconds": 83.4, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 100.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b8e-a802-79f1-8484-d411c06a3e00\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Rubus idaeus\nRegistry id: vr.tr.rubus-idaeus\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q12252383", "registryId": "vr.tr.rubus-idaeus", "name": "Rubus idaeus", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q12252383/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.rubus-idaeus", "name": "Rubus idaeus", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a candidate Rubus idaeus plant, assess its canes, root system and reproductive state, and choose evidence-supported care, propagation or harvest actions.", "definition": "Rubus idaeus is a deciduous, suckering shrub in Rosaceae whose aggregate fruit is the cultivated red raspberry, native to temperate Eurasia and widely grown as a perennial cane-fruit crop.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the recognition and actionable biological state of living plants assigned to vr.tr.rubus-idaeus in PHY / PHY.OBJ, including their attached organs and relationships within a raspberry patch; taxonomic interpretation and uncertain individual boundaries must remain explicit.", "in_scope": [ "Evidence supporting identification as Rubus idaeus, including conflicting observations and cultivar provenance.", "Rooted plant, crown, cane and patch boundaries, including uncertain clonal connections.", "Cane age, fruiting habit, seasonal development and remaining productive tissue.", "Root-zone conditions, visible damage and evidence of declining plant health.", "Flowering, attached fruit development, harvest readiness and propagation suitability." ], "out_of_scope": [ "Rubus genus taxonomy and independent models of other raspberry species or interspecific hybrids.", "Soil bodies, weather systems and habitat communities beyond their relationships to the plant.", "Pathogen, pest and pollinator biology beyond observed interactions with this plant.", "Detached fruit inventory, storage, processing and food-product quality assurance.", "Farm operations, irrigation equipment and trellis engineering.", "Medicinal preparations, clinical effects and treatment decisions." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "At ripe-fruit detachment, check whether the receptacle stays on the plant and leaves a hollow fruit; blackberries retain the receptacle. This establishes a raspberry character, not Rubus idaeus alone. [OSU Extension](https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/em-9180-growing-berries-oregon-coast-raspberries-blackberries)", "Observe fully mature fruit rather than red immature fruit when comparing with black raspberries; record yellow-fruited exceptions and use additional characters. [OSU Extension](https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/em-9180-growing-berries-oregon-coast-raspberries-blackberries)", "Compare flowers and terminal leaflets with Rubus parvifolius: its pink to purple-red petals and obtuse to broadly acute terminal leaflets contrast with the characters used to key Rubus idaeus. Photograph both structures and apply the complete regional key. [Native Plant Trust](https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/rubus/parvifolius/)", "For material interpreted as Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus, check typically 3-5, occasionally 7 leaflets and absence of glands on petioles and lower leaflet surfaces; glandular material requires a broader taxonomic comparison rather than automatic rejection. [Flora of North America](https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=250100522)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identification status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "unassessed | provisional | supported | disputed", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a nursery label or raspberry-like fruit from becoming an unsupported species determination." }, { "name": "Taxonomic interpretation", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Named taxonomic authority and treatment, with identification evidence", "why_it_matters": "Makes the meaning of Rubus idaeus explicit where regional treatments differ." }, { "name": "Cultivar and planting-stock origin", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Cultivar or accession, supplier or parent plant, supporting record, or unknown", "why_it_matters": "Connects expected fruiting behaviour and identity claims to traceable material." }, { "name": "Observation unit", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "tagged cane | rooted crown | rooted shoot | mapped patch", "why_it_matters": "Keeps cane counts and health observations from being mistaken for counts or states of genetically separate plants." }, { "name": "Cane cohort", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "current-season | overwintered | older dead remnant | unknown; emergence date if known", "why_it_matters": "Supports selective pruning without relying on stem colour alone." }, { "name": "Fruiting habit", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "floricane-fruiting | primocane-fruiting | unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Determines which cane tissue may carry a future crop. [RHS](https://www.rhs.org.uk/fruit/raspberries/grow-your-own)" }, { "name": "Cane segment condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "vegetative | flowering | fruiting | previously fruited | dormant | damaged | dead; multiple states permitted", "why_it_matters": "Allows different portions of a cane to have different management implications." }, { "name": "Living cane density", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "canes per mapped square metre or per metre of defined row", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of crowding and thinning while retaining the measured area and cohort." }, { "name": "Root-zone moisture", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "volumetric water content (%), with depth, method and time", "why_it_matters": "Provides evidence for watering decisions and investigation of wilting." }, { "name": "Symptom extent", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "affected canes / inspected canes, with symptom and organ recorded", "why_it_matters": "Separates a local lesion from patch-wide decline and supports repeat comparisons." }, { "name": "Attached fruit maturity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "unripe | ripening | ripe | overripe | damaged | indeterminate", "why_it_matters": "Supports harvest selection using detachment and condition alongside cultivar-specific colour." }, { "name": "Spread beyond the managed boundary", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "new shoots outside boundary and maximum distance in metres, per observation interval", "why_it_matters": "Makes containment decisions depend on observed spread." } ], "affordances": [ "Document diagnostic organs and request expert determination when the species assignment remains uncertain.", "Tag cane cohorts and select individual canes or cane portions for retention, support or pruning.", "Adjust watering or investigate drainage using root-zone observations and plant response.", "Inspect symptomatic canes and roots, collect diagnostic samples and track subsequent decline or recovery.", "Select propagation material using identity, parentage and health evidence.", "Harvest suitably mature attached fruit and connect the harvest event to a separate fruit-lot record." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "kew-powo", "title": "Rubus idaeus L.", "url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:738154-1", "what_it_supports": "Accepted scientific name, authorship, family, native range, and taxonomic placement.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "usda-plants", "title": "Rubus idaeus L. - American red raspberry", "url": "https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=RUID", "what_it_supports": "USDA Plants symbol, North American distribution, and distinction of subsp. strigosus.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "wikidata-q122523", "title": "Rubus idaeus (Q122523)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122523", "what_it_supports": "Stable identifiers (Wikidata QID, IPNI, GRIN, ITIS) used to name this taxon.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "codex-raspberries", "title": "Standard for Raspberries (CXS 344-2021)", "url": "https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/sh-proxy/en/?lnk=1&url=https%253A%252F%252Fworkspace.fao.org%252Fsites%252Fcodex%252FStandards%252FCXS%2B344-2021%252FCXS_344e.pdf", "what_it_supports": "Codex commodity standard covering commercial raspberry fruit identity, quality, sizing, and tolerances.", "url_status": "blocked" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "raspberry-identity", "name": "Raspberry identity", "description": "Evidence that this plant belongs to the registered Rubus idaeus concept.", "rationale": "Raspberry appearance, trade names and species determinations can disagree.", "layers": [ { "id": "diagnostic-organs", "name": "Diagnostic organs", "description": "Comparable observations of leaves, stems, flowers and ripe fruit.", "findings": [ { "id": "combined-identification-evidence", "name": "Combined identification evidence", "description": "Record the observed character combination, its developmental stage and unresolved alternatives.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which leaf, stem, flower and ripe-fruit characters support Rubus idaeus under the selected regional key?", "kind": "definition", "id": "combined-identification-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which plausible alternative remains unexcluded, and which missing organ or observation would distinguish it?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "combined-identification-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxon-and-stock-provenance", "name": "Taxon and stock provenance", "description": "The interpretation and material history behind the name.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-to-plant-assignment", "name": "Name-to-plant assignment", "description": "Keep the determination authority, cultivar claim and planting-stock history distinct.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who assigned this plant to Rubus idaeus, using which taxonomic treatment and supporting specimen or images?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "name-to-plant-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "Does the cultivar or accession record support this assignment, indicate hybrid ancestry or leave parentage unresolved?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "name-to-plant-assignment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "root-system-and-cane-cohorts", "name": "Root system and cane cohorts", "description": "Persistent belowground structure, shoot relationships and cane-level development.", "rationale": "A perennial crown and root system supports shorter-lived canes, so cane death does not establish whole-plant death. [OSU Extension](https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/em-9180-growing-berries-oregon-coast-raspberries-blackberries)", "layers": [ { "id": "rooted-unit-boundaries", "name": "Rooted unit boundaries", "description": "The physical units being followed within a raspberry patch.", "findings": [ { "id": "crown-and-shoot-connections", "name": "Crown and shoot connections", "description": "Map crowns and emerging shoots without assuming that adjacent canes are separate plants or genetically identical.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this record follow a cane, rooted crown, rooted shoot or mapped patch?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "crown-and-shoot-connections-q01" }, { "text": "What observed connection or propagation history links this shoot to another recorded plant?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "crown-and-shoot-connections-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cane-age-and-survival", "name": "Cane age and survival", "description": "Emergence cohorts and the distribution of living and dead cane tissue.", "findings": [ { "id": "cohort-specific-cane-state", "name": "Cohort-specific cane state", "description": "Track emergence, overwintering, fruiting history and segment survival for tagged canes.", "questions": [ { "text": "When did this cane emerge, and which dated observations establish its cohort?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "cohort-specific-cane-state-q01" }, { "text": "Which portions are living, dormant, previously fruited or dead, and how was each state assessed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "cohort-specific-cane-state-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "flowering-and-attached-fruit", "name": "Flowering and attached fruit", "description": "Fruiting behaviour, reproductive progress and harvest readiness.", "rationale": "Floricane-fruiting and primocane-fruiting raspberries bear on different cane cohorts. [RHS](https://www.rhs.org.uk/fruit/raspberries/grow-your-own)", "layers": [ { "id": "fruiting-pattern", "name": "Fruiting pattern", "description": "Where and when flowers and fruit occur on known cane cohorts.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-bearing-habit", "name": "Observed bearing habit", "description": "Distinguish observed bearing behaviour from a cultivar label and from the effects of previous pruning.", "questions": [ { "text": "Did flowers occur on current-season canes, overwintered canes or both, and on which portions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-bearing-habit-q01" }, { "text": "Could prior pruning, plant establishment or interrupted seasonal growth explain the absence of an expected crop?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "observed-bearing-habit-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fruit-set-and-ripeness", "name": "Fruit set and ripeness", "description": "Progress from flowers to harvestable aggregate fruit.", "findings": [ { "id": "harvestable-fruit-condition", "name": "Harvestable fruit condition", "description": "Record fruit set, drupelet development, maturity and defects; easy receptacle separation is a ripeness indicator. [OSU Extension](https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/em-9180-growing-berries-oregon-coast-raspberries-blackberries)", "questions": [ { "text": "What proportion of the marked flowers produced fruit, and how complete is drupelet development in the sampled fruit?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "harvestable-fruit-condition-q01" }, { "text": "Which fruit meet the observed maturity and condition criteria for harvesting, and which should remain or be excluded?", "kind": "action", "id": "harvestable-fruit-condition-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "root-zone-and-decline", "name": "Root zone and decline", "description": "Environmental exposure and evidence explaining poor cane or crown performance.", "rationale": "Raspberries are sensitive to poor drainage; root-zone evidence matters when interpreting decline. [OSU Extension](https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/em-9180-growing-berries-oregon-coast-raspberries-blackberries)", "layers": [ { "id": "root-zone-exposure", "name": "Root-zone exposure", "description": "Water availability and site conditions at the observed plant.", "findings": [ { "id": "water-and-site-evidence", "name": "Water and site evidence", "description": "Link moisture, ponding, soil observations and recent weather to the timing of growth or wilting.", "questions": [ { "text": "What moisture readings and ponding durations were recorded near the roots, at which depths and times?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "water-and-site-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What additional evidence is needed before choosing irrigation, drainage improvement or another response to wilt?", "kind": "action", "id": "water-and-site-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "symptoms-and-diagnostic-confidence", "name": "Symptoms and diagnostic confidence", "description": "The location, progression and interpretation of damage.", "findings": [ { "id": "decline-pattern", "name": "Decline pattern", "description": "Separate observed lesions, discoloration and dieback from inferred causes, using cane cohort and root condition.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which organs and cane cohorts are affected, how widespread are symptoms, and how have they changed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "decline-pattern-q01" }, { "text": "Which examination or diagnostic result distinguishes expected post-fruiting decline from injury or disease in this case?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "decline-pattern-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "cane-management-and-propagation", "name": "Cane management and propagation", "description": "State-dependent interventions affecting future fruiting and raspberry spread.", "rationale": "Removing cane tissue changes future cropping, while moving rooted material also carries identity and health implications.", "layers": [ { "id": "pruning-and-retention", "name": "Pruning and retention", "description": "Cane selection linked to confirmed bearing habit and the intended crop.", "findings": [ { "id": "crop-aware-pruning", "name": "Crop-aware pruning", "description": "Record the intended crop and identify the exact canes or portions to retain or remove.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the intended outcome a floricane crop, a primocane crop or both, and what evidence supports that choice for this plant?", "kind": "action", "id": "crop-aware-pruning-q01" }, { "text": "Which tagged canes or segments should be retained, supported, thinned or removed given their age and condition?", "kind": "action", "id": "crop-aware-pruning-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "suckers-and-planting-material", "name": "Suckers and planting material", "description": "Shoot spread, parentage and suitability for movement.", "findings": [ { "id": "propagation-and-containment-decision", "name": "Propagation and containment decision", "description": "Red raspberries can spread through shoots from root buds; record their position and parentage evidence before retention or movement. [OSU Extension](https://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog/em-9180-growing-berries-oregon-coast-raspberries-blackberries)", "questions": [ { "text": "Which new shoots lie beyond the intended patch boundary, and should they be retained or removed?", "kind": "action", "id": "propagation-and-containment-decision-q01" }, { "text": "What identity and health evidence supports using a selected rooted shoot as propagation material?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "propagation-and-containment-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "European red raspberry (Rubus idaeus subsp. idaeus / var. vulgatus)", "American red raspberry (Rubus idaeus subsp. strigosus / var. strigosus)", "Floricane (summer-bearing) cultivars", "Primocane (autumn-bearing / everbearing) cultivars", "Yellow-fruited mutants (e.g. 'Fallgold', 'Golden Queen')", "Processing / IQF and juice cultivars", "Fresh-market cultivars", "Wild / woodland raspberry populations" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q122523", "note": "Item for the species Rubus idaeus." }, { "scheme": "IPNI", "value_or_pattern": "738154-1", "note": "Linnaean name Rubus idaeus L." }, { "scheme": "POWO taxon", "value_or_pattern": "urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:738154-1", "note": "Kew Plants of the World Online LSID." }, { "scheme": "ITIS TSN", "value_or_pattern": "24849", "note": "Integrated Taxonomic Information System taxonomic serial number." }, { "scheme": "USDA PLANTS symbol", "value_or_pattern": "RUID", "note": "Species-level symbol; subsp. strigosus is RUIDS2." }, { "scheme": "GRIN-Global taxon", "value_or_pattern": "Rubus idaeus L.", "note": "USDA-ARS germplasm taxonomy for cultivated raspberry." }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "32285", "note": "NCBI taxid for Rubus idaeus." }, { "scheme": "HS / CN product code", "value_or_pattern": "0810.20 (fresh raspberries); 0811.20 (frozen raspberries, blackberries, mulberries, etc.)", "note": "Harmonized System headings used in trade; exact national splits vary." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Codex Alimentarius CXS 344-2021 Standard for Raspberries (FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission)", "UNECE Standard FFV-57 concerning the marketing and commercial quality control of berry fruits (UNECE)", "EU marketing standard for berries under Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 543/2011 as amended (European Commission)", "UPOV Test Guidelines TG/43/7 for Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) - distinctness, uniformity, stability for cultivar protection (UPOV)", "EPPO diagnostic and phytosanitary measures for raspberry pathogens, notably Raspberry bushy dwarf virus and Phytophthora root rot (EPPO/OEPP)", "Maximum residue limits for pesticides on raspberries in Codex CXLs and in EU Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 (Codex; European Commission)", "Plant variety protection / plant breeders' rights filings for raspberry cultivars (national PVP offices; CPVO in the EU)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Grown as a perennial cane crop for fresh dessert fruit, IQF freezing, puree, jam, juice, and yoghurt colouring", "Wild-harvested in northern Eurasia and parts of North America for home use and small-scale sale", "Used as a parent in breeding with black raspberry (R. occidentalis) and blackberry (Rubus subg. Rubus) to produce hybrids such as loganberry and tayberry lines", "Planted in high-tunnel and substrate (coir/peat) systems for out-of-season fresh market in Europe and North America", "Leaves historically used as a herbal infusion; fruit used as a colour and flavour ingredient in confectionery and liqueurs", "Sold as certified planting stock (canes, root cuttings, tissue-culture plants) under national fruit-plant certification schemes" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Cane height at maturity", "typical_range": "1.0-2.5", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "Fresh berry mass", "typical_range": "2-6", "unit": "g" }, { "quantity": "Soluble solids (ripe fruit)", "typical_range": "8-12", "unit": "°Brix" }, { "quantity": "Titratable acidity (as citric)", "typical_range": "1.2-2.5", "unit": "g/100 g" }, { "quantity": "Commercial yield (field, floricane)", "typical_range": "5-15", "unit": "t/ha" }, { "quantity": "Ploidy of cultivated types", "typical_range": "2n = 2x = 14", "unit": "chromosomes" }, { "quantity": "Chilling requirement (floricane types)", "typical_range": "800-1600", "unit": "chill hours" }, { "quantity": "Postharvest life at 0-1 °C", "typical_range": "2-7", "unit": "days" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Phytophthora root rot (especially P. rubi) in wet or poorly drained soils, often killing plantations", "Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) causing crumbly fruit and yield loss; pollen-transmitted", "Grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) on flowers and fruit in wet harvest weather", "Spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) oviposition in ripening fruit", "Postharvest collapse: high respiration and grey mould make the fruit among the most perishable temperate berries", "Primocane winter injury and floricane dieback after insufficient hardening", "Allergenic proteins (e.g. Rub i 1, a Bet v 1 homologue) causing oral allergy syndrome in birch-sensitised people", "Pesticide residue and mycotoxin (patulin is more an apple issue; Botrytis and Alternaria metabolites can occur) concerns in processed pulp" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "In North America 'red raspberry' often implies R. idaeus subsp. strigosus or hybrids with it; in Europe it usually means subsp. idaeus", "Yellow-fruited forms are marketed as 'golden raspberries' in English-speaking trade; they remain R. idaeus, not a separate species", "Russia, Poland, Serbia and Scotland remain major production or breeding centres with distinct cultivar lists (e.g. Glen series in the UK, Polka/Polana in Poland)", "Wild woodland raspberry is a foraged fruit in Scandinavia and Russia and is rarely the same clone as commercial cultivars", "Black raspberry (R. occidentalis) is a separate crop in the eastern United States and is not a colour form of R. idaeus", "HS 0810.20 may be grouped with blackberries in some national tariff lines, so trade statistics do not always isolate red raspberry" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Rubus occidentalis (black raspberry)", "difference": "Black raspberry fruit is glaucous-black, remains on a dry receptacle (torus stays on the plant when picked), and canes are typically glaucous; R. idaeus fruit is red or yellow and the torus comes away with the berry as a hollow cup." }, { "name": "Rubus fruticosus agg. / blackberry", "difference": "Blackberry fruit is an aggregate that stays attached to the torus when picked (solid core); raspberry is hollow. Blackberry canes are usually more robust and often trailing." }, { "name": "Rubus phoenicolasius (wineberry)", "difference": "Wineberry has densely glandular-bristly, reddish canes and a sticky calyx that encloses the fruit until late; R. idaeus canes are not densely glandular-red and the calyx is not enveloping in the same way." }, { "name": "Rubus arcticus (arctic bramble)", "difference": "A low, often unarmed boreal species with few large drupelets and a distinct aroma; not a tall biennial cane shrub." }, { "name": "Loganberry / tayberry (R. idaeus × blackberry hybrids)", "difference": "Hybrid berries are typically darker red-purple, longer than wide, and the torus usually remains with the fruit as in blackberry; flavour and cane habit are intermediate." }, { "name": "Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus)", "difference": "A dwarf dioecious tundra species with amber ripe fruit; not a cane raspberry and not commercially interchangeable." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Rubus idaeus this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which taxonomic treatment should govern vr.tr.rubus-idaeus, particularly for material named Rubus strigosus or assigned to North American subspecies?", "Which cultivated accessions belong within this registry entry, and which require links to separately registered hybrid concepts?", "Which diagnostic character combinations reliably distinguish local lookalikes when flowers or ripe fruit are unavailable?", "What observation protocol should distinguish rooted shoots, crowns and genetically distinct individuals in an established patch?", "Which cultivar- and location-specific evidence should establish pruning timing, moisture targets and thresholds for investigating abnormal decline?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Rubus idaeus, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a candidate Rubus idaeus plant, assess its canes, root system and reproductive state, and choose evidence-supported care, propagation or harvest actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 99 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Rubus idaeus, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 99 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Rubus idaeus from another, and a Rubus idaeus from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Rubus idaeus sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Rubus idaeus from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Rubus idaeus is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a Rubus idaeus and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Rubus idaeus is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Rubus idaeus is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Rubus idaeus is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Rubus idaeus moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Rubus idaeus passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Rubus idaeus between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Rubus idaeus, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Rubus idaeus is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What Rubus idaeus is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of Rubus idaeus, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate Rubus idaeus from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish Rubus idaeus from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What Rubus idaeus does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does Rubus idaeus pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of Rubus idaeus judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where Rubus idaeus lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of Rubus idaeus, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does Rubus idaeus hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Rubus idaeus came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Rubus idaeus and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Rubus idaeus is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Rubus idaeus, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Rubus idaeus, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Rubus idaeus is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }