{ "model": { "rank": 1005, "code": "thing-q12280", "model_id": "vr.tr.bridge", "name": "bridge", "purpose": "Let an agent treat a bridge as infrastructure with a structural type, a load rating, an owner, an inspection regime and restrictions of use.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.BLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q12280/", "tier": 2, "score": 202, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "tree bridge", "stone bridge", "moon bridge", "stone arch bridge", "Sutherland Estates 1830s bridge", "nine-turn bridge", "wildlife crossing", "viaduct", "pontoon bridge", "aircraft bridge", "zig-zag bridge", "fauna bridge", "ecorecreaduct", "amphibian and reptile tunnel", "squirrel bridge", "wildlife crossings", "Bat bridge", "overpass", "railway viaduct", "bridge over valley", "truss bridge", "steel composite bridge", "abandoned railway bridge", "ruined bridge", "torso of a bridge", "Krigsbro 5", "pedestrian and bicycle bridge", "girder bridge", "footbridge", "Mostní galerie", "left bridge", "right bridge", "bamboo bridge", "tubular truss bridge", "rigid-frame bridge", "two-tier bridge", "Medium Girder Bridge", "former bridge", "low-water crossing", "driveway bridge" ], "aliasCount": 296, "merged": 297, "knownIn": 202, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.bridge-2", "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q12280", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12280", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T04:35:51Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q12280", "registryId": "vr.tr.bridge", "name": "bridge", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.BLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q12280/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.bridge", "name": "bridge", "purpose": "Let an agent treat a bridge as infrastructure with a structural type, a load rating, an owner, an inspection regime and restrictions of use.", "definition": "A structure that carries a road, railway, path, pipe or animal crossing over an obstacle such as water, a valley or another route, while leaving the space beneath open.", "what_it_is_for": "Crossing obstacles without blocking what lies beneath.", "affordances": [ "cross it, subject to weight, height and width limits", "inspect it, on a regular cycle", "rate it, for load capacity and condition", "close, repair or replace it" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Leaves the space beneath open, unlike a causeway or embankment", "Classified by structural form and by what it carries", "Has a load rating and inspection history", "Wildlife crossings and pipe bridges are bridges too" ], "appearance": "A deck supported by piers, arches, cables or trusses spanning a gap; ranges from a timber footbridge to a multi-kilometre cable-stayed crossing.", "visual_identification": [ "A deck spanning a gap with supports at its ends and often in between", "Structural form visible as arch, beam, truss, suspension or cable-stayed", "Signs showing weight, height or width limits" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "span", "typical_range": "2-2000", "unit": "m", "note": "longest suspension spans approach 2 km" }, { "quantity": "design life", "typical_range": "50-120", "unit": "years", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "load rating", "typical_range": "varies", "unit": "tonnes or load model", "note": "set by national codes" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "by form: beam, arch, truss, cantilever, suspension, cable-stayed", "by use: road, rail, foot, pipe, aqueduct, wildlife crossing", "by material: stone, timber, steel, concrete, composite", "by movement: fixed, bascule, swing, lift" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is part of", "target": "road and railway", "why": "bridges are links in networks" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "structure", "why": "inherits structural design and inspection" }, { "relation": "is inspected by", "target": "bridge inspection regime", "why": "condition ratings drive restrictions" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "bridge as a card game or network device", "why": "homonyms; this entry is the structure" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "national bridge inventory number", "value_or_pattern": "country-specific", "note": "for example the US National Bridge Inventory structure number" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Eurocodes EN 1990-1999 and national annexes", "AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications", "National bridge inspection standards" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Collapse from overloading, scour, fatigue or corrosion", "Strikes by over-height vehicles or ships", "Scour of foundations in floods", "Deferred maintenance that lowers the load rating" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "structure", "name": "Structure", "description": "Form, span and materials.", "rationale": "Structural form determines behaviour, inspection and failure modes.", "layers": [ { "id": "form", "name": "Structural form", "description": "Beam, arch, truss or cable.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-finding", "name": "Structural type", "description": "The structural form and spans.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the structural form, and what are its spans?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "What materials make up the main elements?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "design", "name": "Design basis", "description": "Code and load model.", "findings": [ { "id": "design-finding", "name": "Design standard", "description": "The code and loads it was designed for.", "questions": [ { "text": "To which code and load model was it designed, and when?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Has it been strengthened since?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-restrictions", "name": "Capacity and restrictions", "description": "What may cross.", "rationale": "Restrictions are what users and routing systems must know.", "layers": [ { "id": "rating", "name": "Load rating", "description": "Assessed capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "rating-finding", "name": "Assessed capacity", "description": "The current load rating.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the current load rating?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "When was it last assessed?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "limits", "name": "Limits of use", "description": "Weight, height, width and speed.", "findings": [ { "id": "limits-finding", "name": "Posted limits", "description": "The limits posted and enforced.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which weight, height or width limits apply?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "How are they enforced?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inspection-and-condition", "name": "Inspection and condition", "description": "State of the structure.", "rationale": "Inspection is the main defence against failure.", "layers": [ { "id": "inspection", "name": "Inspection", "description": "Cycle and findings.", "findings": [ { "id": "inspection-finding", "name": "Inspection record", "description": "Latest inspection and rating.", "questions": [ { "text": "When was it last inspected, and what condition rating was given?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "What defects were found?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "scour", "name": "Foundations and scour", "description": "Risk to supports.", "findings": [ { "id": "scour-finding", "name": "Scour assessment", "description": "The scour risk and monitoring.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the bridge at risk from scour, and is it monitored?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "What happens in a flood warning?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "ownership-and-status", "name": "Ownership and status", "description": "Who is responsible.", "rationale": "Ownership decides who inspects, repairs and answers for the bridge.", "layers": [ { "id": "owner", "name": "Owner", "description": "Responsible authority.", "findings": [ { "id": "owner-finding", "name": "Owner and operator", "description": "The owner and operator.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who owns and maintains this bridge?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How are defects reported?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "status", "name": "Status", "description": "Open, restricted, closed, heritage.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-finding", "name": "Current status", "description": "Operational and heritage status.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the bridge open, restricted or closed now?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Is it a protected heritage structure?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should named bridges be registered as instances with inventory numbers?", "How should load restrictions be represented for routing agents?", "How should heritage status interact with safety restrictions?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "building, structure or infrastructure", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a bridge, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent treat a bridge as infrastructure with a structural type, a load rating, an owner, an inspection regime and restrictions of use.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "fixed", "scale": "built" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "entered, crossed or travelled along" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: tree bridge, stone bridge, moon bridge, stone arch bridge, Sutherland Estates 1830s bridge, nine-turn bridge, wildlife crossing, viaduct, pontoon bridge, aircraft bridge, zig-zag bridge, fauna bridge.", "297 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 202 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a bridge, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "On the scale of a building: sited rather than moved.", "Stays where it was put; moving it is a project.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "enter it, cross it, travel along it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, materials and siting, and confirmed by address or by a register entry rather than by looking." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "tree bridge", "stone bridge", "moon bridge", "stone arch bridge", "Sutherland Estates 1830s bridge", "nine-turn bridge", "wildlife crossing", "viaduct", "pontoon bridge", "aircraft bridge", "zig-zag bridge", "fauna bridge" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 202 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 297 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one bridge from another, and a bridge from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a bridge sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a bridge from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a bridge is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples at built scale.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a bridge is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a bridge is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a bridge is, how it got there and where it may go (fixed).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a bridge is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a bridge is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a bridge passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a bridge between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a bridge, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a bridge is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a bridge and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a bridge is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a bridge performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a bridge.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a bridge at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "structure-and-capacity", "name": "Structure, materials and capacity", "description": "How bridge is built and how much it can take.", "rationale": "Capacity and structural type govern what may lawfully happen inside or on it, and both are attested rather than obvious.", "layers": [ { "id": "construction", "name": "Construction and materials", "description": "Structural type, materials and principal dimensions.", "findings": [ { "id": "construction-record", "name": "Structural type and dimensions", "description": "What it is made of and how big it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "construction-record-q01", "text": "What structural type and materials characterise bridge, and what are its principal dimensions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "construction-record-q02", "text": "What in that construction limits how it may be altered?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-load", "name": "Capacity and load", "description": "Occupancy, load ratings and their basis.", "findings": [ { "id": "capacity-record", "name": "Rated capacity and who set it", "description": "The limits and the authority that certified them.", "questions": [ { "id": "capacity-record-q01", "text": "What capacity or load is bridge rated for, under which code, certified by whom?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "capacity-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent refuse to permit beyond that rating?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tenure-and-condition", "name": "Ownership, permitting and condition", "description": "Who holds bridge, what it is permitted for, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A structure is not the organisation that uses it, and its permission to exist is separate from its condition.", "layers": [ { "id": "tenure", "name": "Ownership and permission", "description": "Title, occupancy and the permits in force.", "findings": [ { "id": "tenure-record", "name": "Title, occupier and permits", "description": "Who owns, who occupies, and what is permitted.", "questions": [ { "id": "tenure-record-q01", "text": "Who owns and who occupies bridge, and which permits or consents are in force?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "tenure-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes the structure from the organisation that operates in it?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "inspection", "name": "Condition and inspection", "description": "Inspection regime, defects and remaining service life.", "findings": [ { "id": "inspection-record", "name": "Inspections and defects", "description": "What is inspected, how often, and what was found.", "questions": [ { "id": "inspection-record-q01", "text": "What inspection regime applies to bridge, at what interval, and by whom?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "inspection-record-q02", "text": "What finding takes it out of service, and who may authorise its return?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a bridge came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a bridge and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a bridge is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a bridge, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a bridge, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a bridge is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 53 } } } }