{
    "model": {
        "rank": 6797,
        "code": "thing-q1315911",
        "model_id": "vr.tr.discipline",
        "name": "discipline",
        "purpose": "Let an agent explain discipline across contexts, relay research on child discipline, organisational and self-discipline from psychology, legal and historical sources with attribution, describe the named concepts, route child abuse concerns to child protection services, and distinguish discipline from punishment, abuse, academic disciplines and obedience as blind compliance.",
        "family": "Thing Registry",
        "category": "Information and virtual systems",
        "status": "research-draft",
        "kind": "thing",
        "plane": "INF",
        "domain": "INF.KNW",
        "industry": "",
        "version": "",
        "url": "/models/thing/q1315911/",
        "tier": 2,
        "score": 58,
        "payload": {
            "layer": "wikidata",
            "aliases": [
                "party discipline",
                "self-discipline",
                "Corpse-like obedience",
                "military discipline",
                "Sundo",
                "taadib"
            ],
            "aliasCount": 6,
            "merged": 6,
            "knownIn": 58,
            "facets": null,
            "markers": [],
            "lexicalClass": "",
            "senseRank": null,
            "alsoRegisteredAs": "vr.tr.discipline-attribute",
            "source": {
                "dataset": "wikidata",
                "item": "Q1315911",
                "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315911",
                "license": "CC0 1.0"
            }
        },
        "research": {
            "vercy": "1.0-draft",
            "publication": {
                "status": "research-draft",
                "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed",
                "publishableCanonical": false,
                "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T20:31:57Z",
                "providers": [
                    "Claude"
                ],
                "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify",
                "pass": 2,
                "wave": 4,
                "engine": "claude"
            },
            "metaModel": {
                "id": "THING-Q1315911",
                "registryId": "vr.tr.discipline",
                "name": "discipline",
                "version": "0.2.0-wave.4",
                "entryKind": "thing",
                "family": "Thing Registry",
                "domain": [
                    "INF.KNW"
                ],
                "status": "research-draft"
            },
            "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1315911/",
            "model": {
                "registry_id": "vr.tr.discipline",
                "name": "discipline",
                "purpose": "Let an agent explain discipline across contexts, relay research on child discipline, organisational and self-discipline from psychology, legal and historical sources with attribution, describe the named concepts, route child abuse concerns to child protection services, and distinguish discipline from punishment, abuse, academic disciplines and obedience as blind compliance.",
                "definition": "Training or control that produces obedience to rules or a pattern of behaviour, and the resulting orderly conduct, including self-discipline, military discipline, party discipline enforced by whips in legislatures, and child discipline, with historical ideals such as the Kadavergehorsam or corpse-like obedience associated with Jesuit and later Prussian military rhetoric, and cultural concepts such as the Arabic ta dib, education and moral discipline; the registry alias Sundo, a Korean breathing and meditation practice, appears misfiled. Physical punishment of children is prohibited in many countries and linked by research to harm.",
                "what_it_is_for": "Guiding behaviour and maintaining order.",
                "affordances": [
                    "explain contexts with attribution",
                    "relay research and law",
                    "describe named concepts",
                    "route abuse concerns to protection services"
                ],
                "distinguishing_features": [
                    "Rules and training",
                    "Many settings",
                    "Positive and punitive forms",
                    "Ethically debated"
                ],
                "appearance": "Not a visible object; patterns of behaviour and control.",
                "visual_identification": [
                    "Training or control for rule-following behaviour",
                    "Party discipline, self-discipline, corpse-like obedience, military discipline, Sundo, taadib",
                    "Punishment is a response to wrongdoing; abuse causes harm; academic disciplines are fields of study; blind obedience lacks judgement"
                ],
                "physical_properties": [
                    {
                        "quantity": "countries banning corporal punishment of children in all settings",
                        "typical_range": "over 60",
                        "unit": "count",
                        "note": "End Corporal Punishment tracking, check current sources"
                    },
                    {
                        "quantity": "Sweden ban",
                        "typical_range": "1979",
                        "unit": "year",
                        "note": "first country"
                    },
                    {
                        "quantity": "UN CRC General Comment 8",
                        "typical_range": "2006",
                        "unit": "year",
                        "note": ""
                    }
                ],
                "families_and_kinds": [
                    "self-discipline",
                    "positive discipline for children",
                    "military discipline",
                    "party and parliamentary discipline",
                    "workplace discipline",
                    "religious and educational discipline"
                ],
                "related_models": [
                    {
                        "relation": "is a kind of",
                        "target": "control",
                        "why": "in registry terms"
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "includes",
                        "target": "self-control",
                        "why": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "is contrasted with",
                        "target": "child abuse",
                        "why": ""
                    },
                    {
                        "relation": "includes",
                        "target": "whip (politics)",
                        "why": "party discipline"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [],
                "standards_and_regulation": [
                    "UN Convention on the Rights of the Child",
                    "National bans on corporal punishment",
                    "Military justice codes",
                    "Employment law on disciplinary procedures"
                ],
                "failure_modes_and_hazards": [
                    "Endorsing physical punishment of children",
                    "Glorifying blind obedience",
                    "Missing abuse disclosures"
                ],
                "in_scope": [],
                "out_of_scope": [],
                "characteristics": []
            },
            "sources": [],
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "understand",
                        "name": "Understand",
                        "description": "What discipline is.",
                        "rationale": "Attribution.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "definition",
                                "name": "Definition",
                                "description": "Definition.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "definition-finding",
                                        "name": "Definition",
                                        "description": "Definition.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What is discipline, and how does it differ from punishment, abuse, academic disciplines and blind obedience?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Is a child being harmed or at risk, in which case contact child protection services or emergency services?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "concepts",
                                "name": "Concepts",
                                "description": "Named concepts.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "concepts-finding",
                                        "name": "Concepts",
                                        "description": "Concepts.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What are party, self and military discipline, Kadavergehorsam and ta dib, and why is Sundo different?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which entry fits the specific concept?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "children",
                        "name": "Children",
                        "description": "Child discipline.",
                        "rationale": "Attribution.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "research",
                                "name": "Research",
                                "description": "Research.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "research-finding",
                                        "name": "Research",
                                        "description": "Research.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What does research show about physical punishment and positive discipline, with findings attributed?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which references are standard?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "law",
                                "name": "Law",
                                "description": "Law.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "law-finding",
                                        "name": "Law",
                                        "description": "Law.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which countries prohibit corporal punishment, checked against current sources?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which entry fits corporal punishment in the home?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "organisations",
                        "name": "Organisations",
                        "description": "Organisational discipline.",
                        "rationale": "Regulation.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "military",
                                "name": "Military",
                                "description": "Military discipline.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "military-finding",
                                        "name": "Military",
                                        "description": "Military.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "How is military discipline maintained, and what limits does law set on orders?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which sources are cited?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "party",
                                "name": "Party",
                                "description": "Party discipline.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "party-finding",
                                        "name": "Party",
                                        "description": "Party.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "How do whips enforce party discipline in parliaments?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which entry fits whip (politics)?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "context",
                        "name": "Context",
                        "description": "Self and culture.",
                        "rationale": "Context.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "self",
                                "name": "Self-discipline",
                                "description": "Self-discipline.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "self-finding",
                                        "name": "Self-discipline",
                                        "description": "Self-discipline.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "What does psychology say about self-control and habits, including replication debates?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which entry fits ego depletion?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "culture",
                                "name": "Culture",
                                "description": "Cultural concepts.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "culture-finding",
                                        "name": "Culture",
                                        "description": "Culture.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "text": "How do concepts such as ta dib frame discipline in education traditions?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "text": "Which entry fits Islamic education?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "openQuestions": [
                "The registry alias Sundo should be moved to a meditation practice entry",
                "How should child development research be linked?",
                "Should academic discipline be disambiguated?"
            ],
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 4,
                "layers": 8,
                "findings": 8,
                "questions": 16
            }
        },
        "draft": {
            "generator": "vr.draft.v3",
            "status": "draft-generated",
            "researched": false,
            "archetype": "discipline or field of knowledge",
            "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.",
            "facetsInferred": true,
            "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.",
            "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a discipline, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.",
            "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain discipline across contexts, relay research on child discipline, organisational and self-discipline from psychology, legal and historical sources with attribution, describe the named concepts, route child abuse concerns to child protection services, and distinguish discipline from punishment, abuse, academic disciplines and obedience as blind compliance.",
            "characteristics": {
                "substance": "information",
                "origin": "conceptual",
                "agency": "inert"
            },
            "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [
                "read and interpreted"
            ],
            "distinguishingFeatures": [
                "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: party discipline, self-discipline, Corpse-like obedience, military discipline, Sundo, taadib.",
                "6 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.",
                "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is."
            ],
            "openQuestionsForResearch": [
                "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?",
                "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?",
                "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a discipline, and on what evidence are they told apart?"
            ],
            "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else",
            "physicalCharacter": [
                "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.",
                "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing."
            ],
            "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [
                "read it and act on what it says"
            ],
            "howItIsRecognised": [],
            "relatedModels": [
                {
                    "relation": "covers",
                    "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.",
                    "targets": [
                        "party discipline",
                        "self-discipline",
                        "Corpse-like obedience",
                        "military discipline",
                        "Sundo",
                        "taadib"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "standing": "Described in 58 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 6 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.",
            "structure": {
                "bundles": [
                    {
                        "id": "identity-and-classification",
                        "name": "Identity, naming and classification",
                        "description": "How an agent tells one discipline from another, and a discipline from things that resemble it.",
                        "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "naming-and-identifiers",
                                "name": "Names and identifiers",
                                "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases",
                                        "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names",
                                        "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "stable-identifiers",
                                        "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys",
                                        "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stable-identifiers-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification-and-granularity",
                                "name": "Classification and granularity",
                                "description": "Where a discipline sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "kind-and-parents",
                                        "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds",
                                        "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "kind-and-parents-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    },
                                    {
                                        "id": "distinguishing-features",
                                        "name": "Distinguishing features",
                                        "description": "What separates a discipline from the things most often confused with it.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "distinguishing-features-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "state-and-lifecycle",
                        "name": "State and lifecycle",
                        "description": "The states a discipline passes through and the events that move it between them.",
                        "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "lifecycle-stages",
                                "name": "Lifecycle stages",
                                "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "stages-and-transitions",
                                        "name": "Stages and transitions",
                                        "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a discipline between them.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "observations-and-status",
                                "name": "Observations and current status",
                                "description": "What is observed about a discipline, how often and by whom.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "observation-record",
                                        "name": "Observation record",
                                        "description": "How an observation of a discipline is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "observation-record-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "content-and-access",
                        "name": "Content, encoding and access",
                        "description": "What a discipline says, how it is encoded and who may read it.",
                        "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "content-and-encoding",
                                "name": "Content and encoding",
                                "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "content-and-format",
                                        "name": "Content, format and language",
                                        "description": "What a discipline contains and in what form it is held.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "content-and-format-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "content-and-format-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "content-and-format-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "access-and-rights",
                                "name": "Access, rights and retention",
                                "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "access-rules",
                                        "name": "Access rules and retention",
                                        "description": "The permissions attached to a discipline and the period it survives.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "access-rules-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes access to a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "access-rules-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "access-rules-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "subject-and-method",
                        "name": "Subject matter and method",
                        "description": "What discipline studies and how it establishes anything.",
                        "rationale": "A field is identified by its questions and its methods, and those are what distinguish it from the fields next to it.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "subject",
                                "name": "Subject matter",
                                "description": "The questions it takes as its own.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "subject-record",
                                        "name": "Questions and objects of study",
                                        "description": "What it is about, stated so a neighbouring field can be told apart.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "subject-record-q01",
                                                "text": "What questions and objects does discipline take as its own?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "subject-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Which questions does it share with a neighbouring field, and who claims them?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "method",
                                "name": "Method and evidence",
                                "description": "How claims are established and what counts as evidence.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "method-record",
                                        "name": "Methods and standards of evidence",
                                        "description": "The methods used and what they are taken to establish.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "method-record-q01",
                                                "text": "By what methods does discipline establish claims, and what counts as sufficient evidence?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "method-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What kind of claim can this field not settle, and where should an agent look instead?",
                                                "kind": "action"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "institutions-and-classification",
                        "name": "Institutions and classification",
                        "description": "Where discipline is practised and how catalogues place it.",
                        "rationale": "The institutional footprint is the evidence that a field exists as a field rather than as a topic.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "institutions",
                                "name": "Institutional markers",
                                "description": "Societies, journals, degrees and departments.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "institution-record",
                                        "name": "Bodies and venues",
                                        "description": "Where the field organises itself.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "institution-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Which societies, journals or degrees mark discipline as an established field?",
                                                "kind": "provenance"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "institution-record-q02",
                                                "text": "What would show that it is emerging or dissolving rather than established?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "classification",
                                "name": "Classification schemes",
                                "description": "Where library and research classifications put it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "classification-record",
                                        "name": "Codes and their disagreements",
                                        "description": "The classification codes that place it, and where they differ.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "classification-record-q01",
                                                "text": "Which classification schemes place discipline, under what codes?",
                                                "kind": "definition"
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "classification-record-q02",
                                                "text": "Where do those schemes disagree about its scope?",
                                                "kind": "boundary"
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    },
                    {
                        "id": "provenance-and-evidence",
                        "name": "Provenance, evidence and time",
                        "description": "Where every claim about a discipline came from and when it held.",
                        "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.",
                        "layers": [
                            {
                                "id": "source-and-authority",
                                "name": "Source and authority",
                                "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "claim-provenance",
                                        "name": "Claim provenance and confidence",
                                        "description": "The authority behind each claim about a discipline and how confident it is.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "claim-provenance-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            },
                            {
                                "id": "time-and-versions",
                                "name": "Time, versions and supersession",
                                "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.",
                                "findings": [
                                    {
                                        "id": "validity-and-supersession",
                                        "name": "Validity period and supersession",
                                        "description": "How an old claim about a discipline is retired without being erased.",
                                        "questions": [
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01",
                                                "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a discipline, and in what units or vocabulary?",
                                                "kind": "definition",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "identifiers",
                                                    "types and classes",
                                                    "values with units",
                                                    "explicit unknowns"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02",
                                                "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a discipline, by which method, and when was it true?",
                                                "kind": "provenance",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "authority",
                                                    "method",
                                                    "evidence",
                                                    "event time",
                                                    "knowledge time"
                                                ]
                                            },
                                            {
                                                "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03",
                                                "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a discipline is known, and what must it refuse?",
                                                "kind": "action",
                                                "answer_data": [
                                                    "permitted actions",
                                                    "preconditions",
                                                    "refusals",
                                                    "escalation"
                                                ]
                                            }
                                        ]
                                    }
                                ]
                            }
                        ]
                    }
                ]
            },
            "statistics": {
                "bundles": 6,
                "layers": 12,
                "findings": 14,
                "questions": 38
            }
        }
    }
}