{ "model": { "rank": 4601, "code": "thing-q131645", "model_id": "vr.tr.romanian-leu", "name": "Romanian Leu", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Romanian-leu amounts, interpret their monetary period and form, assess their usability and value, and select appropriate conversion or payment actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.QLT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q131645/", "tier": 2, "score": 74, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 74, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q131645", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131645", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T20:35:40Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 21.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e1-484e-71d2-95e5-cf2493639eb0\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Romanian Leu\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: XCT.QLT\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 re", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 57.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a087e1-483c-7763-9f2d-c5caa9724c5c\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Romanian Leu\nRegistry id: vr.tr.romanian-leu\nPlane / domain: XCT / XCT.QLT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q131645", "registryId": "vr.tr.romanian-leu", "name": "Romanian Leu", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.QLT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q131645/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.romanian-leu", "name": "Romanian Leu", "purpose": "Enable an agent to recognise Romanian-leu amounts, interpret their monetary period and form, assess their usability and value, and select appropriate conversion or payment actions.", "definition": "The Romanian leu is Romania's national monetary unit, divided into 100 bani, with banknotes and coins issued by the National Bank of Romania.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the Romanian leu as a monetary unit and currency identity, including its historical continuity, denomination conventions, institutional authority, valuation context and conditions of use; it distinguishes the unit from particular notes, accounts and transactions.", "in_scope": [ "Romanian-leu identity, the singular leu and plural lei, and distinction from the Moldovan leu.", "RON and historical ROL amounts, including the 2005 redenomination of 10,000 old lei to one new leu.", "Subdivision into bani, amount precision and denomination interpretation.", "National Bank of Romania authority and dated evidence of issuance, circulation and redemption status.", "Exchange-rate interpretation, purchasing-power comparison and payment usability." ], "out_of_scope": [ "Individual banknotes and coins as physical objects, collectibles or forensic specimens.", "Bank accounts, customer balances and deposit protection as financial-service arrangements.", "Individual payments, contracts, loans and securities denominated in lei.", "Romania's economy, fiscal policy and monetary-policy decisions except where needed to interpret the currency.", "The Moldovan leu and the euro as independently modelled currencies." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "A reference must identify Romania or Romanian issuing authority: the word leu or lei alone does not distinguish Romanian from Moldovan currency.", "RON identifies the post-2005 currency denomination; ROL identifies its predecessor denomination, so equal numerals across them are not equal monetary amounts.", "One leu comprises 100 bani; the subdivision name alone is insufficient identification because it is also used for the Moldovan leu.", "A Romanian-leu amount denotes monetary value independently of whether it appears on a banknote, in a bank account or as an accounting entry.", "The 10,000-to-one redenomination is an exact change of monetary scale, whereas a leu-to-euro exchange rate requires a dated quotation and rate convention." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Currency identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Romanian leu; RON or historical ROL, with monetary period", "why_it_matters": "Prevents confusion with the Moldovan leu and between old and new Romanian-leu amounts." }, { "name": "Amount", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Lei, with 100 bani per leu and explicit recorded precision", "why_it_matters": "Supports interpretation of monetary quantities without silently changing their scale or rounding." }, { "name": "Monetary-period applicability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Applicable date or interval; denomination identified, ambiguous or unresolved", "why_it_matters": "Historical records may use lei without making their monetary scale explicit." }, { "name": "Issuing authority", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "National Bank of Romania, with dated authoritative evidence", "why_it_matters": "Connects currency identity and issue status to an institution able to establish them." }, { "name": "Representation of value", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Cash denomination, account-denominated amount or accounting expression", "why_it_matters": "Currency identity alone does not establish authenticity, ownership or spendability." }, { "name": "Issue usability", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Circulating, withdrawn, redeemable, non-redeemable or unverified, as of a stated date", "why_it_matters": "A recognisable leu note or coin may require redemption rather than ordinary payment." }, { "name": "Exchange quotation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "RON per named foreign-currency unit or its explicitly stated inverse; timestamp, source and rate type", "why_it_matters": "Prevents inverted conversions and confusion between reference rates and executable prices." }, { "name": "Purchasing-power basis", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Nominal lei linked to a named price index and comparison dates", "why_it_matters": "Equal nominal amounts at different dates need not represent equal purchasing power." } ], "affordances": [ "Disambiguate leu and lei references using country, currency code, document date and issuing authority.", "Normalise confirmed ROL amounts into RON while preserving the original amount and denomination.", "Express amounts in lei and bani using the rounding rules applicable to the intended operation.", "Calculate a foreign-currency equivalent from an explicit dated quotation, separating indicative value from executable proceeds.", "Identify whether a particular Romanian cash issue needs circulation, authenticity or redemption checks before use.", "Compare historical amounts on a stated nominal or purchasing-power basis." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "romanian-leu-identity", "name": "Romanian-leu identity", "description": "Recognise the Romanian currency across names, codes and representations.", "rationale": "Leu, lei and bani do not uniquely identify Romania, and a currency unit is distinct from the instruments expressing it.", "layers": [ { "id": "names-and-country", "name": "Names and country", "description": "Resolve language and jurisdiction cues before interpreting an amount.", "findings": [ { "id": "romanian-versus-moldovan-leu", "name": "Romanian versus Moldovan leu", "description": "Require enough contextual evidence to distinguish Romanian lei from Moldovan lei when the currency code is absent.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the reference identify RON, ROL, Romania or the National Bank of Romania?", "kind": "definition", "id": "romanian-versus-moldovan-leu-q01" }, { "text": "If it says only lei or bani, what document context establishes the Romanian rather than Moldovan currency?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "romanian-versus-moldovan-leu-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "unit-and-representation", "name": "Unit and representation", "description": "Separate Romanian-leu value from cash objects and financial claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "amount-versus-carrier", "name": "Amount versus carrier", "description": "Identify whether the reference concerns the monetary unit, a cash denomination or a claim expressed in lei.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the subject an amount in Romanian lei, a particular note or coin, or an account or contractual claim?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "amount-versus-carrier-q01" }, { "text": "Which separate object or service model must establish authenticity, ownership or availability before the amount can be used?", "kind": "action", "id": "amount-versus-carrier-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "redenomination-and-amounts", "name": "Redenomination and amounts", "description": "Interpret Romanian monetary periods, the ROL-to-RON scale change and bani precision.", "rationale": "An unqualified historical lei amount can be misread by a factor of 10,000.", "layers": [ { "id": "old-and-new-lei", "name": "Old and new lei", "description": "Assign the correct denomination before normalising historical amounts.", "findings": [ { "id": "rol-ron-normalisation", "name": "ROL-RON normalisation", "description": "Apply the 2005 relation of 10,000 old lei to one new leu only after identifying the original monetary scale.", "questions": [ { "text": "What date, code, explicit old-or-new label or dual-price evidence identifies this amount as ROL or RON?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "rol-ron-normalisation-q01" }, { "text": "Has a later transcription already converted the historical amount, making another division by 10,000 incorrect?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "rol-ron-normalisation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "bani-and-precision", "name": "Bani and precision", "description": "Distinguish the monetary subdivision from calculation precision and cash payment increments.", "findings": [ { "id": "amount-expression-and-rounding", "name": "Amount expression and rounding", "description": "Use 100 bani per leu while retaining the precision required for quoted rates, unit prices and intermediate calculations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the source express the quantity in lei, bani or a scaled unit such as thousands of lei?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "amount-expression-and-rounding-q01" }, { "text": "Which applicable rule determines rounding for this invoice, account entry or cash payment?", "kind": "action", "id": "amount-expression-and-rounding-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authority-and-usability", "name": "Authority and usability", "description": "Connect Romanian currency recognition to dated issuance, circulation and redemption evidence.", "rationale": "Romanian-leu identity does not establish that every historical issue is usable in an ordinary payment.", "layers": [ { "id": "issuing-authority-and-status", "name": "Issuing authority and status", "description": "Locate authoritative evidence for the relevant monetary period and issue.", "findings": [ { "id": "dated-authority-evidence", "name": "Dated authority evidence", "description": "Treat issue status and currency-use rules as claims requiring dated National Bank of Romania or applicable legal sources.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which authoritative source establishes the status of the relevant Romanian-leu denomination or series on the intended date?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "dated-authority-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Does that evidence concern ordinary circulating money, a withdrawn issue or a commemorative issue with distinct use conditions?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "dated-authority-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "circulation-and-redemption", "name": "Circulation and redemption", "description": "Determine the appropriate route for using or exchanging a Romanian cash issue.", "findings": [ { "id": "cash-use-route", "name": "Cash use route", "description": "Distinguish ordinary payment eligibility from redemption eligibility and the condition of an individual cash object.", "questions": [ { "text": "Can this issue be used for payment on the relevant date, or must it first be presented for redemption?", "kind": "action", "id": "cash-use-route-q01" }, { "text": "Which institution, documentation, condition requirements and time limits govern any available redemption?", "kind": "action", "id": "cash-use-route-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "exchange-and-value", "name": "Exchange and value", "description": "Evaluate Romanian-leu amounts across currencies and dates without confusing monetary scale with economic value.", "rationale": "Redenomination, foreign exchange and inflation adjustment answer different questions about a leu amount.", "layers": [ { "id": "foreign-exchange-quotation", "name": "Foreign-exchange quotation", "description": "Make rate direction, timing and transaction conditions explicit.", "findings": [ { "id": "ron-rate-interpretation", "name": "RON rate interpretation", "description": "Distinguish an indicative RON reference quotation from an executable buy or sell price.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the quotation RON per one foreign-currency unit, RON per multiple units, or foreign currency per RON?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "ron-rate-interpretation-q01" }, { "text": "What timestamp, provider, buy-or-sell side, spread and fees determine the amount actually obtainable?", "kind": "action", "id": "ron-rate-interpretation-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "historical-value-comparison", "name": "Historical value comparison", "description": "Separate denomination conversion from changes in Romanian purchasing power.", "findings": [ { "id": "nominal-and-real-lei", "name": "Nominal and real lei", "description": "Normalise ROL and RON scales before applying an explicitly chosen purchasing-power comparison.", "questions": [ { "text": "Are both amounts expressed on the same ROL or RON scale before their economic values are compared?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nominal-and-real-lei-q01" }, { "text": "Which Romanian price index, base date and coverage match the intended purchasing-power comparison?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "nominal-and-real-lei-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This description interprets the unspecified sense as the monetary unit, primarily its post-2005 denomination.", "Current denominations, legal provisions and exchange rates require verification; none are supplied here.", "These are recalled facts, not claims checked against sources for this response." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Cash denominated in lei: banknotes and coins", "Bank-account money denominated in lei" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ISO 4217 alphabetic currency code", "value_or_pattern": "RON", "note": "Identifies the Romanian leu introduced by the 2005 redenomination." }, { "scheme": "ISO 4217 numeric currency code", "value_or_pattern": "946", "note": "Numeric identifier corresponding to RON." }, { "scheme": "Historical ISO 4217 alphabetic currency code", "value_or_pattern": "ROL", "note": "Identifies the Romanian leu before the 2005 redenomination." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ISO 4217, issued by the International Organization for Standardization, standardizes currency codes.", "Romanian monetary legislation establishes the leu as the national monetary unit and assigns currency issuance to the National Bank of Romania." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Pricing goods and services in Romania", "Denominating wages, bank deposits and loans", "Accounting and tax reporting in Romania", "Cash and electronic payments", "Foreign-exchange transactions involving RON" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Subdivision of one leu", "typical_range": "Exactly 100", "unit": "bani" }, { "quantity": "2005 redenomination conversion", "typical_range": "Exactly 10,000 old lei per new leu", "unit": "ROL per RON" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Confusing pre-2005 ROL amounts with RON amounts produces a factor-of-10,000 error.", "Inflation can reduce the purchasing power of leu-denominated holdings.", "Exchange-rate movements can change the foreign-currency value of leu-denominated assets and liabilities.", "Counterfeit or damaged banknotes can cause payment and acceptance problems." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Romanian uses the singular leu and plural lei; the subdivision is singular ban and plural bani.", "Moldova's similarly named leu is a separate currency." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Moldovan leu", "difference": "Moldova's monetary unit, coded MDL, rather than Romania's RON." }, { "name": "Pre-2005 Romanian leu", "difference": "The predecessor denomination coded ROL; 10,000 ROL were converted into 1 RON in 2005." }, { "name": "Romanian leu banknote", "difference": "A physical instrument denominated in the monetary unit, rather than the unit itself." }, { "name": "Currency", "difference": "The broader category; the Romanian leu is a particular national currency." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Romanian Leu this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which historical Romanian-leu periods require additional interpretation rules beyond the 2005 ROL-to-RON redenomination?", "What are the verified circulation and redemption conditions for each relevant withdrawn, commemorative or damaged Romanian cash issue?", "Which Romanian rules govern rounding and payment precision in the intended cash, accounting and contractual contexts?", "Which authoritative exchange-rate series and price indices suit the intended valuation tasks, including their revisions and coverage limits?", "What dated evidence should trigger an update to this model if Romania's currency arrangements or euro-transition rules change?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 9, "findings": 17, "questions": 25 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Romanian Leu, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an agent to recognise Romanian-leu amounts, interpret their monetary period and form, assess their usability and value, and select appropriate conversion or payment actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Romanian Leu, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 74 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Romanian Leu from another, and a Romanian Leu from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Romanian Leu sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Romanian Leu from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Romanian Leu passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Romanian Leu between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Romanian Leu, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Romanian Leu is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What Romanian Leu is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of Romanian Leu are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is Romanian Leu operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of Romanian Leu and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of Romanian Leu?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as Romanian Leu?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Romanian Leu came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Romanian Leu and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Romanian Leu is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Romanian Leu, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Romanian Leu, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Romanian Leu is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }