{ "model": { "rank": 5530, "code": "thing-q131677", "model_id": "vr.tr.bulldozer", "name": "bulldozer", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a bulldozer, assess its earthmoving capability and operating state, and determine which pushing, grading or attachment tasks its configuration and condition support.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q131677/", "tier": 2, "score": 66, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "armored bulldozer", "FNSS Kunduz", "JVBT-55A", "Caterpillar D9", "Caterpillar D11", "A3M", "T-800", "Acco super bulldozer", "Caterpillar D7", "T-55TK" ], "aliasCount": 10, "merged": 10, "knownIn": 66, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q131677", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131677", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:33:56Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 25.6, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0884d-7254-7f10-907f-18230af66696\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bulldozer\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 1001 things:\n# Batch 005: 1001 regis", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 65, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a0884d-7260-7320-b79c-32dd47191d8f\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: bulldozer\nRegistry id: vr.tr.bulldozer\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\n\nCont" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q131677", "registryId": "vr.tr.bulldozer", "name": "bulldozer", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q131677/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.bulldozer", "name": "bulldozer", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a bulldozer, assess its earthmoving capability and operating state, and determine which pushing, grading or attachment tasks its configuration and condition support.", "definition": "A bulldozer is a self-propelled earthmoving machine, usually mounted on crawler tracks, with a front blade used primarily to cut, push and spread soil, rock fragments or other loose material over short distances.", "scope_statement": "This model owns the bulldozer as a kind of self-propelled earthmoving machine whose defining implement is a front-mounted dozer blade, including tracked and wheeled configurations and the evidence needed to assess individual machines without confusing the kind with a product model or physical unit.", "in_scope": [ "Machine identity, tracked or wheeled running gear, and boundary between a bulldozer and another machine carrying a blade", "Blade geometry, mounting, movement and interaction with material", "Power delivery, traction, steering and terrain-dependent working capability", "Operator controls, operating states, visibility and protective systems", "Wear, service needs, attachments and configuration-dependent task readiness" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Loader buckets and the lifting, carrying and dumping functions of loaders", "Excavator digging cycles and articulated digging equipment", "Motor-grader architecture and its distinct grading capabilities", "Earthworks project design, geotechnical investigation and site traffic management", "Manufacturer product-line catalogues and individual-machine ownership or transaction histories" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Its defining earthmoving implement is a front-mounted blade that pushes or spreads material through machine travel, rather than a bucket that retains material for lifting and dumping.", "It uses a self-propelled carrier configured to sustain blade pushing loads; a detachable blade on an otherwise unrelated vehicle does not alone settle classification.", "Tracks are a common configuration but are not a necessary identity test: a wheeled dozer can belong to this kind.", "Its front blade arrangement distinguishes it from a motor grader whose principal grading blade is positioned between the front and rear running gear.", "A rear ripper or winch may extend capability, but neither is required for bulldozer identity." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Running-gear configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "tracked | wheeled", "why_it_matters": "Affects traction, ground interaction, steering behaviour and surface compatibility." }, { "name": "Operating mass", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg, with blade, attachments, fluids and other included loads stated", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of transport, ground loading and configuration-dependent working capability." }, { "name": "Blade configuration", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "straight | universal | semi-universal | angle | power-angle-tilt | specialised; retain manufacturer terminology", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes material retention, sidecasting and grading capabilities without assuming all blade labels are interchangeable." }, { "name": "Blade dimensions and rated capacity", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "width and height in m; capacity in m³ with rating method and blade position", "why_it_matters": "Helps assess working clearance and material handling while keeping nominal capacity separate from actual production." }, { "name": "Blade degrees of freedom", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "available lift, tilt, angle and pitch adjustments; powered or manual for each", "why_it_matters": "Determines which cutting profiles and material displacement tasks the machine can perform." }, { "name": "Power and drive architecture", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "power source, transmission type and final-drive arrangement", "why_it_matters": "Connects available power, control behaviour and service requirements to the actual configuration." }, { "name": "Rated power and drawbar performance", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "power in kW and drawbar pull in kN, with rating conditions and speed", "why_it_matters": "Supports pushing-capability assessment without treating engine power as a direct measure of usable traction." }, { "name": "Ground-contact configuration", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "track shoe or tyre dimensions in mm; nominal ground pressure in kPa with calculation basis", "why_it_matters": "Helps evaluate flotation and surface loading while exposing the limits of nominal pressure figures." }, { "name": "Working readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "unassessed | ready for specified task | restricted | out of service", "why_it_matters": "Makes readiness conditional on the task, inspection evidence and installed configuration." }, { "name": "Attachment compatibility", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "machine configuration linked to approved blade, ripper, winch or other attachment and its mounting requirements", "why_it_matters": "Prevents an available attachment from being mistaken for a compatible or authorised one." }, { "name": "Wear and defect condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "component-specific inspection results, wear measurements and disposition", "why_it_matters": "Connects cutting-edge, running-gear, hydraulic and structural condition to permissible work." } ], "affordances": [ "Classify a candidate machine from its carrier, blade arrangement and primary working function.", "Match a blade and running-gear configuration to a proposed pushing, spreading, sidecasting or rough-grading task.", "Assess task readiness against material, terrain, visibility, machine condition and documented operating limits.", "Identify compatible rear attachments and the additional evidence needed before ripping or winching.", "Prioritise inspections and service from observed wear, defects and operating history.", "Identify missing evidence that prevents a supported capability or safety decision." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "dozer-identity-and-configuration", "name": "Dozer identity and configuration", "description": "Establishes what makes the candidate a bulldozer and which configuration is being assessed.", "rationale": "Tracks, blades and earthmoving use occur on neighbouring machine kinds, so none alone is a sufficient identity test.", "layers": [ { "id": "machine-kind-boundary", "name": "Machine-kind boundary", "description": "Tests the relationship between the carrier, front blade and principal working function.", "findings": [ { "id": "blade-led-machine-identity", "name": "Blade-led machine identity", "description": "Record whether the carrier is configured primarily for dozing and distinguish that assessment from merely observing a fitted blade.", "questions": [ { "text": "What carrier and front-blade arrangement establishes this candidate as a bulldozer?", "kind": "definition", "id": "blade-led-machine-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What distinguishes it from a crawler loader, motor grader or general-purpose tractor fitted with a blade?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "blade-led-machine-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "assessed-configuration", "name": "Assessed configuration", "description": "Connects kind-level capability to a documented manufacturer configuration or inspected unit.", "findings": [ { "id": "configuration-evidence", "name": "Configuration evidence", "description": "Keep tracked or wheeled variants, blade options and rear attachments explicit so capabilities do not transfer silently between configurations.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which running gear, blade, rear attachment and protective equipment are included in the assessed configuration?", "kind": "definition", "id": "configuration-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which manufacturer records or inspection evidence verify the configuration, including subsequent modifications?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "configuration-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "blade-and-material-work", "name": "Blade and material work", "description": "Relates blade geometry and movement to the material displacement the bulldozer can achieve.", "rationale": "Bulldozer capability depends on how the blade cuts, retains and releases material, not just whether a blade is present.", "layers": [ { "id": "blade-geometry-and-motion", "name": "Blade geometry and motion", "description": "Captures cutting width, material-retaining geometry and available blade adjustments.", "findings": [ { "id": "blade-working-envelope", "name": "Blade working envelope", "description": "Record blade dimensions and supported movements with their configuration-specific limits.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the blade width, height and rated capacity, and under which measurement conventions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "blade-working-envelope-q01" }, { "text": "Which lift, tilt, angle and pitch movements are available, and what limits apply to each?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "blade-working-envelope-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-displacement", "name": "Material displacement", "description": "Assesses pushing, spreading and grading against the material and intended result.", "findings": [ { "id": "task-material-fit", "name": "Task and material fit", "description": "Separate geometric blade capacity from achievable work in material with a particular resistance, moisture condition and required finish.", "questions": [ { "text": "What material condition, push distance and required surface finish define the proposed task?", "kind": "definition", "id": "task-material-fit-q01" }, { "text": "Does the documented configuration support the task directly, or does the material require loosening or another machine first?", "kind": "action", "id": "task-material-fit-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "traction-terrain-and-attachments", "name": "Traction, terrain and attachments", "description": "Explains how the bulldozer develops usable pushing force and how terrain or rear tools constrain it.", "rationale": "Engine output alone cannot establish dozing capability, flotation, slope suitability or rear-attachment readiness.", "layers": [ { "id": "drive-and-ground-interaction", "name": "Drive and ground interaction", "description": "Links the powertrain and contact geometry to traction and support conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "usable-pushing-capability", "name": "Usable pushing capability", "description": "Assess available drawbar performance together with ground support, slip, steering demand and documented terrain restrictions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What rated power, drawbar performance, operating mass and ground-contact data are available for this configuration?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "usable-pushing-capability-q01" }, { "text": "Which ground conditions or slope conditions require restricting or rejecting the proposed operation?", "kind": "action", "id": "usable-pushing-capability-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rear-tool-capability", "name": "Rear-tool capability", "description": "Treats ripping and winching as optional, separately evidenced capabilities.", "findings": [ { "id": "rear-attachment-task-fit", "name": "Rear-attachment task fit", "description": "Link each rear attachment to its approved installation, operating limits and effect on the complete machine.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which evidence establishes compatibility of the ripper or winch with this carrier and its installed systems?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "rear-attachment-task-fit-q01" }, { "text": "What attachment limits and changes to mass, clearance or operating procedure govern the proposed ripping or winching task?", "kind": "action", "id": "rear-attachment-task-fit-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "dozing-control-and-protection", "name": "Dozing control and protection", "description": "Represents travel and blade control, transitions between operating states, and protection during dozing.", "rationale": "The combination of machine movement, blade motion and limited sight lines requires explicit task-dependent control and protection evidence.", "layers": [ { "id": "travel-and-blade-control", "name": "Travel and blade control", "description": "Identifies how motion is commanded, inhibited and brought to a documented secured state.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-state-transitions", "name": "Control-state transitions", "description": "Record controls and fitted interlocks for starting, travelling, working, parking and service access without assuming identical behaviour across machines.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are travel direction, steering, braking and blade movement commanded, and which interlocks are actually fitted?", "kind": "definition", "id": "control-state-transitions-q01" }, { "text": "What documented sequence secures the machine and its implements before exit, inspection or maintenance?", "kind": "action", "id": "control-state-transitions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "visibility-and-protective-equipment", "name": "Visibility and protective equipment", "description": "Assesses visibility, rollover and falling-object protection, and warning systems in the actual working configuration.", "findings": [ { "id": "task-specific-protection-evidence", "name": "Task-specific protection evidence", "description": "Record installed protective structures and visibility aids, their condition and the evidence supporting their suitability.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which blade positions, rear attachments and travel directions create blind areas requiring additional controls for this task?", "kind": "action", "id": "task-specific-protection-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which records establish the protective structures, restraints and warning systems fitted, including applicable standards and issuing bodies?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "task-specific-protection-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "wear-service-and-readiness", "name": "Wear, service and readiness", "description": "Connects bulldozer wear and defects to maintenance needs and permission to undertake a specified task.", "rationale": "Cutting-edge condition, running-gear wear and implement-control defects can alter working capability before the machine becomes wholly inoperable.", "layers": [ { "id": "dozing-load-path-condition", "name": "Dozing load-path condition", "description": "Examines components that transmit blade forces and sustain travel under pushing loads.", "findings": [ { "id": "wear-and-defect-evidence", "name": "Wear and defect evidence", "description": "Capture measured or observed condition of cutting edges, blade supports, joints, hydraulic components and configuration-specific running gear.", "questions": [ { "text": "What wear, damage, looseness or leakage is recorded at the blade, its mounting and actuators, and the tracks or tyres?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "wear-and-defect-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which manufacturer limits or competent inspection criteria determine adjustment, replacement or withdrawal from service?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "wear-and-defect-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "service-and-task-release", "name": "Service and task release", "description": "Combines service status, unresolved defects and functional checks into a bounded readiness decision.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-readiness-decision", "name": "Supported readiness decision", "description": "State readiness for a named dozing or attachment task with its restrictions and outstanding evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which scheduled services, consumable checks and post-repair functional checks are due for the powertrain, hydraulics and running gear?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-readiness-decision-q01" }, { "text": "Do the inspection results support the specified task, support it with restrictions, or require the machine to remain out of service?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-readiness-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "This covers the machine kind, not a particular model or unit; some terminology uses bulldozer more narrowly for the blade equipment.", "Measurement ranges are approximate recall for common construction machines, not category limits; compact and large mining machines extend beyond them.", "Verify current standard editions, configuration-specific applicability and jurisdictional requirements before using these references for compliance." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Crawler bulldozer", "Wheel bulldozer", "Low-ground-pressure bulldozer", "Compact bulldozer" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "ISO 10261 product identification number (PIN)", "value_or_pattern": "17-character identifier", "note": "Identifies an individual earthmoving machine, not the bulldozer kind or a manufacturer's model family." }, { "scheme": "Manufacturer model designation", "value_or_pattern": "Manufacturer-specific alphanumeric designation", "note": "Identifies a product model; serial numbers distinguish individual machines." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "ISO 6165, issued by the International Organization for Standardization: basic earthmoving machinery types, identification and vocabulary.", "ISO 20474-2, issued by the International Organization for Standardization: safety requirements for tractor-dozers.", "ISO 3471, issued by the International Organization for Standardization: laboratory tests and performance requirements for roll-over protective structures.", "ISO 3449, issued by the International Organization for Standardization: laboratory tests and performance requirements for falling-object protective structures." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Cutting high spots and spreading material during rough grading.", "Pushing excavated soil or blasted rock over short distances.", "Clearing vegetation and preparing construction sites.", "Building and maintaining access roads and embankments.", "Loosening hard ground with an optional rear ripper before pushing it." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Operating mass of common construction crawler bulldozers", "typical_range": "Approximately 8-50", "unit": "t" }, { "quantity": "Engine power of common construction crawler bulldozers", "typical_range": "Approximately 60-300", "unit": "kW" }, { "quantity": "Blade width of common construction crawler bulldozers", "typical_range": "Approximately 2.5-5", "unit": "m" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Rollover or sliding on slopes, unstable ground or unsupported edges.", "Striking or crushing people because of blind spots, reversing or unexpected movement.", "Hydraulic leakage or component failure causing loss of blade control; raised attachments can descend and crush.", "Track, roller, sprocket or final-drive wear causing reduced traction, track derailment or immobilization.", "Striking buried utilities during blade cutting or ripping." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Applicable engine-emissions requirements differ between markets, including United States EPA nonroad diesel requirements and European Union Stage V requirements.", "Low-ground-pressure configurations are particularly useful on soft or wet ground; ground conditions influence local equipment selection." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Crawler tractor", "difference": "Describes the tracked prime mover; a crawler bulldozer equips that platform with a front dozing blade." }, { "name": "Wheel loader", "difference": "Primarily scoops, lifts and loads material with a bucket, whereas a bulldozer primarily pushes material with a blade." }, { "name": "Motor grader", "difference": "Uses a blade generally positioned between its axles for controlled surface shaping and finishing, whereas a bulldozer uses a front blade principally for pushing and rough grading." }, { "name": "Excavator", "difference": "Primarily digs and lifts using a boom, arm and bucket; a small auxiliary dozer blade does not make an excavator a bulldozer." }, { "name": "Dozer blade", "difference": "Is the working attachment rather than the complete self-propelled machine." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of bulldozer this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Where should the registry boundary fall between purpose-built bulldozers and agricultural or multipurpose carriers fitted with dozer blades?", "Which authoritative machine classifications, safety standards and conformity requirements apply to tracked and wheeled dozers in the intended jurisdictions, and which editions govern?", "What representative ranges of operating mass, blade capacity, power and ground pressure can be supported by manufacturer evidence for distinct bulldozer classes?", "Which terrain and slope limitations can be expressed at kind level, and which require the exact machine configuration, manufacturer instructions and site assessment?", "Do existing Vercy models already own bulldozer identity or reusable blade, running-gear, ripper and winch concepts that this draft should reference?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a bulldozer, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a bulldozer, assess its earthmoving capability and operating state, and determine which pushing, grading or attachment tasks its configuration and condition support.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: armored bulldozer, FNSS Kunduz, JVBT-55A, Caterpillar D9, Caterpillar D11, A3M, T-800, Acco super bulldozer, Caterpillar D7, T-55TK.", "10 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a bulldozer, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "armored bulldozer", "FNSS Kunduz", "JVBT-55A", "Caterpillar D9", "Caterpillar D11", "A3M", "T-800", "Acco super bulldozer", "Caterpillar D7", "T-55TK" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 10 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one bulldozer from another, and a bulldozer from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a bulldozer sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a bulldozer from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a bulldozer is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a bulldozer is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a bulldozer is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a bulldozer is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a bulldozer is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a bulldozer is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a bulldozer passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a bulldozer between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a bulldozer, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a bulldozer is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What bulldozer is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does bulldozer perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise bulldozer, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How bulldozer is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does bulldozer have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does bulldozer need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about bulldozer is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about bulldozer hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern bulldozer, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a bulldozer came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a bulldozer and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a bulldozer is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a bulldozer, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a bulldozer, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a bulldozer is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }