{ "model": { "rank": 5607, "code": "thing-q132298", "model_id": "vr.tr.potassium-hydroxide", "name": "potassium hydroxide", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise potassium hydroxide, assess the composition and condition of a particular material, and determine whether its documented properties support an intended use.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.MAT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q132298/", "tier": 2, "score": 66, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 66, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q132298", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132298", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-09T22:45:16Z", "providers": [ "Codex" ], "breadth": "recalled by Codex without web access - no source was read", "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "seconds": 21.2, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08857-da4b-7a02-8e34-1b1a62f74c4e\n--------\nuser\nDescribe what is already known about one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: potassium hydroxide\nSense to describe: (none recorded)\nDomain code: PHY.OBJ\nAlso known as: (none)\n\n\nContext for this batch of 188 things:\n# Batch 006: 1", "usd": 0, "recall": true }, "codex": { "seconds": 62.8, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.4\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a08857-da3f-7fa1-bad3-9edb175e81be\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: potassium hydroxide\nRegistry id: vr.tr.potassium-hydroxide\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this " } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q132298", "registryId": "vr.tr.potassium-hydroxide", "name": "potassium hydroxide", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q132298/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.potassium-hydroxide", "name": "potassium hydroxide", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise potassium hydroxide, assess the composition and condition of a particular material, and determine whether its documented properties support an intended use.", "definition": "Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is an inorganic ionic compound composed of potassium and hydroxide ions, forming a strongly alkaline, hygroscopic solid that dissolves readily in water with substantial heat release.", "scope_statement": "This model owns potassium hydroxide as the chemical substance KOH and the attributes needed to assess its solid and aqueous material forms, while distinguishing substance identity from commercial formulation, sample condition and process role.", "in_scope": [ "Chemical identity of KOH and its distinction from other potassium compounds and hydroxides", "Solid forms and aqueous solutions with explicit composition and concentration basis", "Water uptake, carbonate contamination and changes during storage", "Properties relevant to alkalinity, dissolution and material compatibility", "Grade, analytical evidence and suitability for a stated application" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Potassium carbonate, potassium chloride and sodium hydroxide as independently modelled substances", "Manufacturing plants and industrial production process design", "Complete formulations containing KOH alongside other functional ingredients", "Equipment, packaging designs and workplace safety management systems", "Medical treatment of chemical exposure", "Finished soaps, batteries and other products that use KOH" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Identity requires evidence consistent with potassium and hydroxide in KOH; alkalinity alone does not distinguish it from other bases.", "Potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide share strong-base behaviour, so distinguishing them requires cation identity rather than appearance or pH.", "Potassium carbonate can also produce an alkaline solution; carbonate-specific evidence is needed to distinguish substitution or contamination from KOH.", "An aqueous KOH material must state its concentration and concentration basis; the label potassium hydroxide does not establish that a sample is solid or pure.", "Water uptake and carbonation can change a sample's effective KOH content without making its commercial name change." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Substance identity", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Potassium hydroxide; formula KOH; identity evidence recorded separately", "why_it_matters": "Prevents substitution of another alkaline substance or potassium salt." }, { "name": "Material form", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Solid pellets, flakes, powder or other documented solid form; aqueous solution", "why_it_matters": "Determines which composition, sampling and handling attributes are applicable." }, { "name": "KOH content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction %, amount concentration mol/L, or another explicitly defined basis; method and reference conditions required", "why_it_matters": "Supports comparisons and calculations without confusing solid assay, solution concentration and total alkalinity." }, { "name": "Water content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction % with analytical method and sampling date", "why_it_matters": "Water uptake changes the relationship between material mass and available KOH." }, { "name": "Carbonate content", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Mass fraction % or mg/kg, explicitly reported as carbonate or K2CO3", "why_it_matters": "Carbonation can affect assay interpretation and application suitability." }, { "name": "Other impurities", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Analyte-specific mg/kg or mass fraction %, with reporting limits", "why_it_matters": "Different applications tolerate different concentrations of metals, salts and other contaminants." }, { "name": "Solution density", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "kg/m³ or g/mL at stated temperature and composition", "why_it_matters": "Enables defensible conversion between mass and volume quantities." }, { "name": "Alkalinity evidence", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Titrated alkalinity on a stated basis; pH only with concentration, temperature and measurement method", "why_it_matters": "Separates operational measurements from claims of identity or purity." }, { "name": "Exposure and condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Documented seal status, air exposure, moisture uptake, caking, liquefaction or unknown condition", "why_it_matters": "Helps determine whether historical composition evidence still represents the material." }, { "name": "Grade and specification", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Link to supplier specification, applicable grade requirements and lot certificate", "why_it_matters": "Makes suitability depend on documented requirements rather than a grade name alone." }, { "name": "Compatibility assessment", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Material or process paired with KOH concentration, temperature and supporting compatibility evidence", "why_it_matters": "Compatibility cannot be inferred reliably from the chemical name alone." } ], "affordances": [ "Verify that a material's identity evidence supports classification as potassium hydroxide.", "Compare lots against application-specific KOH, water, carbonate and impurity requirements.", "Calculate available KOH from a documented assay or concentration using an explicit quantity basis.", "Flag material for reassessment when air exposure or physical changes undermine its recorded composition.", "Evaluate proposed storage, transfer or process contact against documented compatibility constraints.", "Determine whether a proposed use has sufficient composition, hazard and procedure evidence to proceed." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "koh-identity-and-boundaries", "name": "KOH identity and boundaries", "description": "Establishes chemical identity and distinguishes the substance from solutions, formulations and neighbouring compounds.", "rationale": "Appearance and alkalinity cannot independently identify potassium hydroxide.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Connects the KOH designation to evidence identifying the relevant chemical constituents.", "findings": [ { "id": "potassium-and-hydroxide-identity", "name": "Potassium and hydroxide identity", "description": "Record the basis for identifying the substance as KOH, including evidence that excludes sodium hydroxide and other alkaline materials.", "questions": [ { "text": "What analytical or traceable supplier evidence establishes potassium hydroxide identity?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "potassium-and-hydroxide-identity-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes this material from sodium hydroxide or an alkaline potassium salt?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "potassium-and-hydroxide-identity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "substance-and-material-form", "name": "Substance and material form", "description": "Separates KOH identity from the composition of the supplied material.", "findings": [ { "id": "solid-solution-or-formulation", "name": "Solid, solution or formulation", "description": "Record whether the material is solid KOH, an aqueous solution or a formulation requiring a separate model.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is the material supplied as a solid, an aqueous solution or a mixture with additional functional ingredients?", "kind": "definition", "id": "solid-solution-or-formulation-q01" }, { "text": "Which constituents belong to the KOH material description, and which require a linked formulation model?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "solid-solution-or-formulation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "assay-and-composition", "name": "Assay and composition", "description": "Describes available KOH, water, carbonate and application-relevant impurities.", "rationale": "Material mass and total alkalinity do not automatically establish the quantity of KOH present.", "layers": [ { "id": "koh-quantity-basis", "name": "KOH quantity basis", "description": "Makes concentration and assay results interpretable and comparable.", "findings": [ { "id": "assay-versus-total-alkalinity", "name": "Assay versus total alkalinity", "description": "Record what an assay measures and whether contributions from carbonate or other bases have been separated.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is the reported KOH content, on what basis, and does it refer to the material as received or a dry basis?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "assay-versus-total-alkalinity-q01" }, { "text": "Does the analytical method distinguish KOH from carbonate contributions, or report total alkalinity expressed as KOH?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "assay-versus-total-alkalinity-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "water-carbonate-and-impurities", "name": "Water, carbonate and impurities", "description": "Captures constituents that affect effective strength and fitness for use.", "findings": [ { "id": "composition-evidence", "name": "Composition evidence", "description": "Connect water, carbonate and impurity measurements to the sampled lot and intended application.", "questions": [ { "text": "What water and carbonate contents were measured, using which methods and reporting conventions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "composition-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which additional impurities have limits for the intended use, and what lot-specific evidence addresses them?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "composition-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "physical-state-and-air-exposure", "name": "Physical state and air exposure", "description": "Tracks physical form, solution properties and changes associated with atmospheric exposure.", "rationale": "KOH material can take up moisture and react with atmospheric carbon dioxide, changing its condition and composition.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-properties-under-conditions", "name": "Physical properties under conditions", "description": "Records properties at the composition and temperature relevant to an actual material.", "findings": [ { "id": "form-density-and-flow", "name": "Form, density and flow", "description": "Describe solid morphology or solution density and flow behaviour without treating them as composition-independent constants.", "questions": [ { "text": "What solid form or solution state is observed at the recorded temperature?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "form-density-and-flow-q01" }, { "text": "Which measured or sourced density and flow properties apply to this KOH concentration and temperature?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "form-density-and-flow-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "moisture-and-carbonation-history", "name": "Moisture and carbonation history", "description": "Relates air exposure to the continued validity of composition records.", "findings": [ { "id": "exposure-driven-reassessment", "name": "Exposure-driven reassessment", "description": "Record exposure history and observations that may justify new water, carbonate or assay measurements.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is known about seal integrity, opening history and exposure to humid air or carbon dioxide?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "exposure-driven-reassessment-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence or acceptance rule determines whether caking, wetting or exposure requires reassay before use?", "kind": "action", "id": "exposure-driven-reassessment-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "reactivity-and-use-constraints", "name": "Reactivity and use constraints", "description": "Links KOH's corrosive and reactive behaviour to material-specific handling and compatibility evidence.", "rationale": "Concentration, temperature and contact materials determine constraints that a chemical name alone cannot resolve.", "layers": [ { "id": "dissolution-and-neutralisation", "name": "Dissolution and neutralisation", "description": "Captures the thermal and chemical implications of dissolving KOH and reacting it with acids.", "findings": [ { "id": "thermal-and-corrosive-constraints", "name": "Thermal and corrosive constraints", "description": "Require applicable evidence and an approved procedure for operations involving corrosive material and heat release.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which current safety data and process assessment apply to this KOH form, concentration and planned operation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "thermal-and-corrosive-constraints-q01" }, { "text": "What documented limits and controls must be satisfied before dissolution, dilution or neutralisation is authorised?", "kind": "action", "id": "thermal-and-corrosive-constraints-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contact-material-compatibility", "name": "Contact material compatibility", "description": "Evaluates proposed containers, seals and process surfaces under specified exposure conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "conditional-compatibility", "name": "Conditional compatibility", "description": "Attach compatibility judgements to the exact contact material, KOH concentration, temperature and exposure duration.", "questions": [ { "text": "What compatibility evidence covers each proposed contact material under the intended conditions?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "conditional-compatibility-q01" }, { "text": "What corrosion, degradation or gas-generation concerns remain unresolved for the proposed contact?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "conditional-compatibility-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "application-fitness-and-traceability", "name": "Application fitness and traceability", "description": "Connects a KOH lot's documented properties to its intended chemical role and acceptance requirements.", "rationale": "KOH suitable for one use may lack the composition control or documentation required for another.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-role-and-requirements", "name": "Chemical role and requirements", "description": "Distinguishes requirements arising from use as a base, reagent, electrolyte component or other documented role.", "findings": [ { "id": "role-specific-acceptance", "name": "Role-specific acceptance", "description": "Assess suitability against the actual role, including whether potassium identity matters in addition to alkalinity.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the intended use require potassium specifically, hydroxide equivalents, electrolyte performance or another property?", "kind": "definition", "id": "role-specific-acceptance-q01" }, { "text": "Which concentration, carbonate and impurity limits determine acceptance for that role?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "role-specific-acceptance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "lot-evidence-and-release", "name": "Lot evidence and release", "description": "Links supplier claims and measurements to the material being assessed.", "findings": [ { "id": "documented-fitness-decision", "name": "Documented fitness decision", "description": "Record the evidence supporting acceptance, conditional use or rejection of the specific KOH material.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which lot certificate, specification revision and sampling records substantiate the claimed grade and composition?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "documented-fitness-decision-q01" }, { "text": "Do the available records and current material condition support release for the intended use, or is further testing required?", "kind": "action", "id": "documented-fitness-decision-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes", "name": "Check these first", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Physical-property values refer to approximately anhydrous material; commercial solids may contain appreciable water and carbonate.", "Grade names describe purity or intended use, not distinct chemical species.", "Regulatory details, permitted food uses and concentration-dependent classifications require verification against current jurisdiction-specific sources." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-confidence-notes-q01", "text": "Which of these check these first hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Solid pellets or flakes", "Aqueous solutions", "Technical grade", "Reagent grade", "Food grade" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Chemical formula", "value_or_pattern": "KOH", "note": "Also called caustic potash." }, { "scheme": "CAS Registry Number", "value_or_pattern": "1310-58-3", "note": "Identifies potassium hydroxide." }, { "scheme": "UN dangerous goods number", "value_or_pattern": "UN 1813", "note": "Potassium hydroxide, solid." }, { "scheme": "UN dangerous goods number", "value_or_pattern": "UN 1814", "note": "Potassium hydroxide solution." }, { "scheme": "European food additive E number", "value_or_pattern": "E 525", "note": "Identifies potassium hydroxide as a food additive; permitted uses depend on applicable rules." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods list solid potassium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide solution as Class 8 corrosive goods.", "European Union CLP Regulation governs classification, labelling and packaging of potassium hydroxide substances and mixtures." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Manufacturing potassium soaps by saponification of fats and oils.", "Serving as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries and alkaline water electrolysers.", "Producing potassium salts through acid neutralisation.", "Adjusting pH and neutralising acidic process streams.", "Absorbing carbon dioxide in gas treatment and laboratory applications." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Molar mass", "typical_range": "56.11", "unit": "g/mol" }, { "quantity": "Melting point of anhydrous material", "typical_range": "Approximately 360", "unit": "°C" }, { "quantity": "Density of anhydrous solid near room temperature", "typical_range": "Approximately 2.04", "unit": "g/cm³" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Causes severe chemical burns and serious eye damage; dust and mist can injure respiratory tissue.", "Dissolution in water and neutralisation with acids release substantial heat and can cause boiling or splashing.", "Contact with susceptible metals, including aluminium and zinc, can generate flammable hydrogen.", "Absorbs atmospheric moisture and can liquefy, complicating storage, weighing and concentration control.", "Absorbs atmospheric carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate, altering composition and analytical performance." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ "Food additive identification and permitted applications vary by jurisdiction; E 525 is the European designation." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Recalled without web access and unsourced; every item is a lead to verify.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Sodium hydroxide", "difference": "Contains sodium ions instead of potassium ions; its formula is NaOH." }, { "name": "Potassium carbonate", "difference": "Contains carbonate rather than hydroxide as the anion; its formula is K2CO3." }, { "name": "Potassium chloride", "difference": "Contains chloride rather than hydroxide as the anion; its formula is KCl and it is not a strong base." }, { "name": "Potassium hydroxide solution", "difference": "A mixture of KOH and water with concentration-dependent properties, rather than the pure compound." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of potassium hydroxide this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Which authoritative identity references and analytical methods should anchor distinction of KOH from carbonate-containing or mixed-alkali materials?", "Which concentration- and temperature-dependent property datasets are sufficiently reliable for the intended applications?", "Which grade specifications and impurity limits apply to the actual markets and uses this registry must support?", "What evidence-based reassay criteria should follow opening, moisture uptake or suspected carbonation?", "Does an existing Vercy world model already own potassium hydroxide or a directly reusable part of this scope?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 19, "questions": 29 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "chemical substance or material", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a potassium hydroxide, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise potassium hydroxide, assess the composition and condition of a particular material, and determine whether its documented properties support an intended use.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "natural", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured", "consumed or used up" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a potassium hydroxide, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state", "use it up, and then need more of it" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Not recognisable by sight in any reliable way. Appearance varies with grade, form and additives; identification is by label, by documentation, or by assay." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 66 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one potassium hydroxide from another, and a potassium hydroxide from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a potassium hydroxide sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a potassium hydroxide from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a potassium hydroxide is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a potassium hydroxide is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a potassium hydroxide is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a potassium hydroxide is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a potassium hydroxide is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a potassium hydroxide is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a potassium hydroxide passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a potassium hydroxide between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a potassium hydroxide, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a potassium hydroxide is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-and-operation", "name": "Use and operation", "description": "What can be done with a potassium hydroxide and what it takes to do it.", "rationale": "An agent that can recognise a thing but not act on it has only half a model.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-use", "name": "Intended use and function", "description": "What a potassium hydroxide is for, and what it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose", "name": "Function, purpose and misuse", "description": "The function a potassium hydroxide performs and the uses that fall outside it.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-and-purpose-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the use of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the use of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "function-and-purpose-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the use of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "handling-and-procedure", "name": "Handling and procedure", "description": "The steps, skills and tools involved in using a potassium hydroxide.", "findings": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills", "name": "Procedures, skills and required tools", "description": "What an agent needs before it can act on a potassium hydroxide at all.", "questions": [ { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes handling a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about handling a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "procedures-and-skills-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once handling a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "supply-and-consumption", "name": "Supply and consumption", "description": "Quantities, rates and what running out means.", "findings": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock", "name": "Consumption, stock and replenishment", "description": "How much of a potassium hydroxide there is and how fast it goes.", "questions": [ { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the supply of a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the supply of a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "consumption-and-stock-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the supply of a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "composition-and-identity", "name": "Composition, grade and chemical identity", "description": "What potassium hydroxide is made of and how pure the thing in hand is.", "rationale": "Grade decides what a substance may be used for, so a model that records only the name cannot support any decision about use.", "layers": [ { "id": "chemical-identity", "name": "Chemical identity", "description": "Formula, structure and the registry numbers that name it unambiguously.", "findings": [ { "id": "identity-record", "name": "Identity and registry numbers", "description": "What identifies this substance across suppliers and regulators.", "questions": [ { "id": "identity-record-q01", "text": "What formula, structure and registry identifiers name potassium hydroxide unambiguously?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "identity-record-q02", "text": "Which related substances share a name in common use but not an identifier?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "grade-and-impurities", "name": "Grade, purity and impurities", "description": "The specification a batch meets and what else is in it.", "findings": [ { "id": "specification", "name": "Specification and assay", "description": "How purity is stated and measured, and which impurities matter.", "questions": [ { "id": "specification-q01", "text": "What grades of potassium hydroxide exist, how is purity assayed, and which impurities are limited?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "specification-q02", "text": "Which use requires which grade, and what happens when a lower grade is substituted?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "properties-and-behaviour", "name": "Properties and behaviour", "description": "How potassium hydroxide behaves under conditions an agent can measure or change.", "rationale": "Physical constants are the part of a substance model that transfers between contexts, and each needs its unit and its conditions.", "layers": [ { "id": "physical-constants", "name": "Physical constants", "description": "Values that hold for the pure substance, with their conditions.", "findings": [ { "id": "constants-record", "name": "Constants and conditions", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the state they apply in.", "questions": [ { "id": "constants-record-q01", "text": "What are the defining physical constants of potassium hydroxide, in what units and under what conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "constants-record-q02", "text": "Which of these values change with grade or form rather than being fixed?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stability-and-reactivity", "name": "Stability and reactivity", "description": "What it reacts with, degrades into, and how it is stored.", "findings": [ { "id": "incompatibilities", "name": "Incompatibilities and degradation", "description": "What must not meet it, and what it becomes over time.", "questions": [ { "id": "incompatibilities-q01", "text": "What is potassium hydroxide incompatible with, and what does it degrade into under storage?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "incompatibilities-q02", "text": "What storage and handling does that require, and who is competent to do it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "hazard-and-regulation", "name": "Hazard classification and regulation", "description": "How potassium hydroxide can harm, and what the law says about holding and moving it.", "rationale": "A substance model without its hazard class and its regulatory identity is unusable in exactly the situations that matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "hazard-class", "name": "Hazard classification", "description": "Classified hazards, exposure limits and protective measures.", "findings": [ { "id": "classified-hazards", "name": "Classified hazards and limits", "description": "The classification, the scheme it belongs to, and the limits set.", "questions": [ { "id": "classified-hazards-q01", "text": "How is potassium hydroxide classified for hazard, under which scheme, and what exposure limits apply?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "classified-hazards-q02", "text": "What protection does handling require, and what must an agent refuse to do without it?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulatory-identity", "name": "Regulatory identity and control", "description": "Registration, restriction and transport rules by jurisdiction.", "findings": [ { "id": "controls", "name": "Controls and jurisdiction", "description": "Where it is restricted and what the restriction attaches to.", "questions": [ { "id": "controls-q01", "text": "Which registrations, restrictions or transport rules cover potassium hydroxide, and where?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "controls-q02", "text": "Does the control attach to the substance, its concentration, or its intended use?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a potassium hydroxide came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a potassium hydroxide and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a potassium hydroxide is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a potassium hydroxide, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a potassium hydroxide, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a potassium hydroxide is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 9, "layers": 20, "findings": 22, "questions": 60 } } } }