{ "model": { "rank": 2456, "code": "thing-q132734", "model_id": "vr.tr.fagopyrum-esculentum", "name": "Fagopyrum esculentum", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise Fagopyrum esculentum, assess the condition and reproductive potential of observed plants, and select evidence-supported cultivation, harvest or containment actions.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.LIV", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q132734/", "tier": 2, "score": 105, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [], "aliasCount": 0, "merged": 0, "knownIn": 105, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q132734", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132734", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T09:24:11Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.01008576, "turns": 1, "seconds": 121.5, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 103.1, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07b2a-9d9c-7160-b93c-095e8a231189\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: Fagopyrum esculentum\nRegistry id: vr.tr.fagopyrum-esculentum\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.LIV\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into thi" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q132734", "registryId": "vr.tr.fagopyrum-esculentum", "name": "Fagopyrum esculentum", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.LIV" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q132734/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.fagopyrum-esculentum", "name": "Fagopyrum esculentum", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise Fagopyrum esculentum, assess the condition and reproductive potential of observed plants, and select evidence-supported cultivation, harvest or containment actions.", "definition": "Fagopyrum esculentum Moench is a cultivated, predominantly self-incompatible annual herb of Polygonaceae grown as a pseudocereal for triangular achenes used as groats and flour, and as a short-season entomophilous cover crop; it is not a true cereal of Poaceae.", "scope_statement": "This model owns species-specific recognition, biological state and action prerequisites for Fagopyrum esculentum under vr.tr.fagopyrum-esculentum in PHY / PHY.LIV, covering individual plants and explicitly sampled populations, with links to planting material, sites and resulting products.", "in_scope": [ "Identification evidence distinguishing common buckwheat from Tartary buckwheat and cereal crops.", "Cultivar or accession identity and the limits of applying species-level expectations to it.", "Establishment, vegetative growth, flowering, fruit development and senescence.", "Floral compatibility, pollination observations and measured fruit set.", "Plant responses to growing conditions, damage and management.", "Biological readiness for propagation, harvest or termination, including volunteer emergence." ], "out_of_scope": [ "Independent models of Fagopyrum tataricum and other neighbouring taxa.", "Whole-farm rotations, budgets, machinery and work scheduling.", "Soil, weather and pollinator populations as independently managed entities.", "Processing, storage, grading and trade of harvested grain, flour or hulls.", "Food certification, human dietary advice and clinical allergy assessment." ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Inspect mature achenes: smooth faces and sharply defined three-sided edges support F. esculentum; irregularly wrinkled faces and less distinct, sometimes toothed edges suggest F. tataricum. Use several mature fruits. [Flora of North America key](https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112620)", "Compare flowers and their arrangement: creamy-white to pale-pink tepals about 3-5 mm long and clusters crowded near stem tips support common buckwheat; greenish, smaller flowers in axillary raceme-like inflorescences suggest Tartary buckwheat. [Flora of North America key](https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112620)", "Inspect several flowers for differing style and stamen heights: heterostyly supports common buckwheat, while Tartary buckwheat is described as homostylous; an atypical plant requires additional evidence rather than automatic exclusion. [Common buckwheat treatment](https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200006709), [Tartary buckwheat treatment](https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200006710)", "Check for broad triangular or heart-shaped leaves, a membranous sheath at stem nodes and three-sided achenes before accepting a name containing 'wheat'; this combination supports buckwheat identification rather than identification as a cereal grass. [Flora of China](https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200006709)" ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Identification confidence", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "unresolved | provisional | supported | conflicting; linked diagnostic evidence", "why_it_matters": "A common name or seed label alone cannot justify species-specific action." }, { "name": "Cultivar or accession", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "documented cultivar, accession or source population; unknown allowed", "why_it_matters": "Development and reproductive expectations must be scoped to the material actually present." }, { "name": "Achene morphology", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "face texture, edge shape, colour and maturity of examined fruits", "why_it_matters": "Mature fruit characters help separate common from Tartary buckwheat." }, { "name": "Developmental composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% sampled plants or reproductive units in each explicitly defined stage", "why_it_matters": "One stage label can conceal simultaneous flowering and fruit maturation." }, { "name": "Established plant density", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "living plants/m², with sampling date and area", "why_it_matters": "Stand gaps and crowding affect whether the intended crop or cover function remains achievable." }, { "name": "Floral morph composition", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "counts of long-styled, short-styled, homostylous and unclassified flowering plants", "why_it_matters": "Floral composition informs investigation of reproductive compatibility." }, { "name": "Observed flower visitation", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "visits per observed flower-hour, with visitor identity and observation conditions", "why_it_matters": "Visitation is evidence relevant to pollination, but does not itself establish successful fertilisation." }, { "name": "Fruit set", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% marked flowers producing filled achenes, with cohort and assessment date", "why_it_matters": "Separates abundant flowering from successful reproduction." }, { "name": "Plant damage and lodging", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% affected plants; symptom, affected organ and severity method", "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions about recovery, intervention and harvest feasibility." }, { "name": "Mature achene retention", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "% mature achenes retained under a stated sampling method", "why_it_matters": "Connects harvest timing with observed shedding and potential recruitment." }, { "name": "Management role", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "grain | planting seed | cover or green manure | floral resource | research | volunteer | unknown", "why_it_matters": "The same flowering or fruiting state can support different actions depending on the intended role." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify or provisionally classify a plant using flower, leaf and mature-achene evidence.", "Establish plants from documented planting material and assess emergence and stand development.", "Observe floral morphs, visitation and fruit set to investigate reproductive limitations.", "Adjust growing conditions or management when observed stress and local evidence justify intervention.", "Select a harvest window using measured fruit maturity, retention and the intended product.", "Terminate a cover stand or remove volunteers using reproductive state and follow-up emergence observations." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "kew-powo-fagopyrum-esculentum", "title": "Fagopyrum esculentum Moench", "url": "https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:694607-1", "what_it_supports": "Accepted scientific name, family Polygonaceae, and the cultivated species circumscription used in the definition.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "wikidata-q132734", "title": "Fagopyrum esculentum (Q132734)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132734", "what_it_supports": "Cross-scheme identifiers (NCBI, GBIF, ITIS, USDA PLANTS, EPPO) and the species as a named taxon.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "ncbi-tax-3617", "title": "Fagopyrum esculentum", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=3617", "what_it_supports": "NCBI Taxonomy identifier 3617 for the species.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "fao-buckwheat", "title": "Buckwheat", "url": "", "what_it_supports": "Agronomic use as a short-season pseudocereal and cover crop, typical growing period, and production geography.", "url_status": "dead" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "common-buckwheat-identity", "name": "Common buckwheat identity", "description": "Evidence that the observed organism belongs to this registry entry and that its material history is understood.", "rationale": "Misidentification as Tartary buckwheat or reliance on an ambiguous crop name can invalidate reproductive and management assumptions.", "layers": [ { "id": "diagnostic-organs", "name": "Diagnostic organs", "description": "Recognition through a combination of mature fruit, floral and vegetative characters.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-species-assignment", "name": "Supported species assignment", "description": "Record which diagnostic characters were observed, their maturity and any conflicts with identification as common buckwheat.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which observed achene surfaces, edges and floral characters support F. esculentum over F. tataricum?", "kind": "definition", "id": "supported-species-assignment-q01" }, { "text": "Are diagnostic flowers or mature fruits missing, requiring the assignment to remain provisional?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "supported-species-assignment-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "planting-material-identity", "name": "Planting material identity", "description": "Cultivar, accession and source evidence attached to the observed plants.", "findings": [ { "id": "material-traceability", "name": "Material traceability", "description": "Link the plant or sampled stand to its planting material without treating a supplier label as a verified botanical determination.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which seed source, accession record or collection event connects this plant to a named cultivar or population?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "material-traceability-q01" }, { "text": "Does observed variation suggest mixed material or a conflict with the stated cultivar identity?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "material-traceability-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "establishment-and-development", "name": "Establishment and development", "description": "The progression from emergence to a flowering and fruiting stand.", "rationale": "Actions need the observed distribution of growth stages and establishment success, rather than an assumed calendar for buckwheat.", "layers": [ { "id": "emergence-and-stand", "name": "Emergence and stand", "description": "Establishment relative to the planting event and intended stand function.", "findings": [ { "id": "establishment-outcome", "name": "Establishment outcome", "description": "Record emergence timing, living density and gaps, linking them to planting conditions and seed evidence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What living plant density and gap distribution were measured after the documented sowing event?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "establishment-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence distinguishes delayed emergence, failed germination and post-emergence mortality before replanting is considered?", "kind": "action", "id": "establishment-outcome-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "overlapping-developmental-stages", "name": "Overlapping developmental stages", "description": "Separate observations of vegetative growth, flowering and achene maturation.", "findings": [ { "id": "developmental-stage-distribution", "name": "Developmental stage distribution", "description": "Represent stage mixtures within plants and across the stand, retaining the denominator used for each estimate.", "questions": [ { "text": "What proportions of sampled plants or reproductive units are flowering, carrying green achenes or carrying mature achenes?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "developmental-stage-distribution-q01" }, { "text": "How have these proportions changed since the previous observation for this cultivar and site?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "developmental-stage-distribution-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "flowering-and-fruit-set", "name": "Flowering and fruit set", "description": "Floral compatibility, pollination opportunity and realised reproduction.", "rationale": "Common buckwheat is described as heterostylous and outcrossing, making compatibility evidence relevant to seed production. [Flora of North America](https://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200006709)", "layers": [ { "id": "floral-compatibility", "name": "Floral compatibility", "description": "Observed floral morphs and material-specific evidence about reproductive compatibility.", "findings": [ { "id": "compatible-flowering-population", "name": "Compatible flowering population", "description": "Record floral morph composition and flowering overlap without assuming every accession has identical breeding behaviour.", "questions": [ { "text": "How many sampled flowering plants have long-styled, short-styled or atypical flowers?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "compatible-flowering-population-q01" }, { "text": "What accession-specific evidence supports the compatibility assumptions used when selecting plants for seed production?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "compatible-flowering-population-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "pollination-and-reproductive-outcome", "name": "Pollination and reproductive outcome", "description": "Connect flower visitation and flowering conditions to measured achene production.", "findings": [ { "id": "fruit-set-limitation", "name": "Fruit-set limitation", "description": "Keep visitation, successful fruit initiation and filled-achene production distinct when investigating poor reproduction.", "questions": [ { "text": "What visitation rate and filled-achene set were measured for the same flowering cohort and observation period?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "fruit-set-limitation-q01" }, { "text": "What additional observation or comparison would distinguish inadequate pollen transfer from incompatibility or stress before intervention?", "kind": "action", "id": "fruit-set-limitation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "growing-conditions-and-injury", "name": "Growing conditions and injury", "description": "Site exposures and observed plant responses that affect survival, flowering and usable growth.", "rationale": "An agent needs evidence connecting conditions to the affected buckwheat stage before changing water, nutrition or other management.", "layers": [ { "id": "exposure-and-response", "name": "Exposure and response", "description": "Time-linked observations of growing conditions and plant symptoms.", "findings": [ { "id": "stage-specific-stress-evidence", "name": "Stage-specific stress evidence", "description": "Associate temperature, moisture and soil observations with the timing and distribution of injury or reduced growth.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which measured temperature, moisture or soil conditions coincided with wilting, injury or reduced fruit set, and at what developmental stage?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "stage-specific-stress-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What local evidence supports an intervention threshold for this cultivar and management role?", "kind": "action", "id": "stage-specific-stress-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "damage-and-structural-condition", "name": "Damage and structural condition", "description": "Lodging, tissue loss and disease-like symptoms separated from unconfirmed causes.", "findings": [ { "id": "recoverable-versus-terminal-damage", "name": "Recoverable versus terminal damage", "description": "Record affected organs, prevalence and continuing growth to assess whether the stand can still fulfil its intended role.", "questions": [ { "text": "What fraction of plants is lodged or has damaged leaves, stems or reproductive structures, and what new growth remains?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "recoverable-versus-terminal-damage-q01" }, { "text": "What diagnostic evidence and expected recovery justify treatment, continued observation or termination?", "kind": "action", "id": "recoverable-versus-terminal-damage-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "use-readiness-and-recruitment", "name": "Use readiness and recruitment", "description": "Biological conditions for grain or seed harvest, cover-crop termination and management of subsequent emergence.", "rationale": "Buckwheat is used for grain, cover and floral resources; it can also contaminate following or neighbouring wheat crops. These roles require different decisions about reproduction. [USDA plant guide](https://plants.usda.gov/DocumentLibrary/plantguide/pdf/pg_faes2.pdf)", "layers": [ { "id": "harvest-or-termination-window", "name": "Harvest or termination window", "description": "Readiness judged against the stand's declared purpose and observed reproductive state.", "findings": [ { "id": "purpose-dependent-action-readiness", "name": "Purpose-dependent action readiness", "description": "Evaluate fruit maturity and retention for harvest, or reproductive progress for ending a cover or floral-resource stand.", "questions": [ { "text": "What measured maturity, achene retention and condition support harvest for the specified grain or planting-seed use?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "purpose-dependent-action-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "For a cover or floral-resource stand, when should termination occur given its intended benefit and tolerance for viable seed production?", "kind": "action", "id": "purpose-dependent-action-readiness-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "seed-return-and-volunteers", "name": "Seed return and volunteers", "description": "Observed seed shedding and emergence after the managed stand ends.", "findings": [ { "id": "subsequent-recruitment-evidence", "name": "Subsequent recruitment evidence", "description": "Connect mature seed return and later seedlings to containment decisions without inferring persistent establishment from one occurrence.", "questions": [ { "text": "What evidence records shed mature achenes or newly emerged buckwheat within and beyond the original stand?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "subsequent-recruitment-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "What removal timing and follow-up observations are needed to prevent these volunteers from producing another seed generation?", "kind": "action", "id": "subsequent-recruitment-evidence-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Common cultivated buckwheat (F. esculentum subsp. esculentum), the large-seeded crop type", "Wild ancestral populations (F. esculentum subsp. ancestrale Ohnishi), from the southwest China gene centre", "Japanese / East Asian large-seeded spring types used for soba", "European / Russian groat types selected for kasha and flour", "Silverhull and other pale-hull milling types versus dark-hull types", "Determinate versus indeterminate plant-habit cultivars", "Diploid landraces and modern cultivars (Mancan, Manor, Koto and regional equivalents)", "Tartary buckwheat is a different species (F. tataricum) and is not a kind of F. esculentum" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q132734", "note": "Item for Fagopyrum esculentum" }, { "scheme": "IPNI", "value_or_pattern": "urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:694607-1", "note": "Accepted name Fagopyrum esculentum Moench" }, { "scheme": "NCBI Taxonomy", "value_or_pattern": "3617", "note": "Species taxid" }, { "scheme": "WFO", "value_or_pattern": "wfo-0000685598", "note": "World Flora Online taxon ID" }, { "scheme": "GBIF", "value_or_pattern": "2889164", "note": "Species usage key commonly bound to this name" }, { "scheme": "ITIS TSN", "value_or_pattern": "195197", "note": "Taxonomic Serial Number for Fagopyrum esculentum" }, { "scheme": "USDA PLANTS", "value_or_pattern": "FAES2", "note": "Symbol for Fagopyrum esculentum" }, { "scheme": "EPPO Code", "value_or_pattern": "FAGES", "note": "Plant-protection code for common buckwheat" }, { "scheme": "HS / Harmonized System", "value_or_pattern": "1008.10", "note": "Buckwheat grain as a traded commodity" }, { "scheme": "Author citation", "value_or_pattern": "Fagopyrum esculentum Moench", "note": "Standard botanical citation; Methodus (1794)" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Codex Alimentarius Commission: cereal and contaminant limits (mycotoxins, heavy metals) applied to buckwheat as a cereal-like food, not a unique named Codex commodity standard", "Japan Consumer Affairs Agency / Food Labeling Standards: buckwheat (そば) is a specified raw material requiring mandatory allergen labelling", "Republic of Korea Food Sanitation Act analogue: buckwheat is a designated allergenic food", "Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011: buckwheat is not one of the 14 EU major allergens, so EU labelling is not equivalent to Japan/Korea", "United States FALCPA / FASTER Act: buckwheat is not a major food allergen; gluten-free claims still require control of wheat/rye/barley contamination under 21 CFR 101.91", "OECD Seed Schemes: certified seed of Fagopyrum esculentum under the grasses and legumes / other species schemes used by participating countries", "UNECE / national grain inspection (e.g. USDA FGIS practical inspection of buckwheat): grade factors for moisture, dockage, foreign material and damaged kernels", "Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/915 and predecessors: maximum levels for cadmium and certain mycotoxins in cereals that are applied to buckwheat placed on the EU market" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Milled to light or dark flour for soba noodles (Japan), galettes and crêpes de sarrasin (Brittany), blini, and gluten-free baking blends", "Dehulled groats cooked as kasha in Russia, Ukraine, Poland and neighbouring cuisines", "Whole grain and groats sold as a gluten-free pseudocereal; mill co-mingling with wheat is a practical contamination path", "Short-season cover crop and insectary: rapid canopy, phosphorus scavenging, and a nectar source for honey bees (buckwheat honey)", "Seed used as livestock and poultry feed, usually mixed rather than as a sole ration", "Hulls used as durable pillow and cushion fill", "Green plant sometimes cut as forage or green manure; flowering stands are the classic source of photosensitization risk in livestock" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "Thousand-kernel weight", "typical_range": "18-35", "unit": "g" }, { "quantity": "Seed protein (dry matter)", "typical_range": "10-15", "unit": "%" }, { "quantity": "Crop cycle to harvest", "typical_range": "70-90", "unit": "d" }, { "quantity": "Plant height at flowering", "typical_range": "0.6-1.3", "unit": "m" }, { "quantity": "Grain yield (commercial fields)", "typical_range": "0.8-2.5", "unit": "t/ha" }, { "quantity": "Safe storage moisture of grain", "typical_range": "12-14", "unit": "%" }, { "quantity": "Rutin in groats (common buckwheat, typically much lower than Tartary)", "typical_range": "0.01-0.2", "unit": "g/100 g" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "IgE-mediated buckwheat allergy, including anaphylaxis; a leading labelled allergen in Japan and a hidden risk in mixed flours and pillow fill", "Fagopyrism: phototoxic dermatitis in livestock after eating flowering plants or seed containing fagopyrin, then sun exposure", "Harvest shatter and indeterminate ripening cause large field losses if cutting is mistimed", "Self-incompatibility and poor insect flight in cool or wet weather collapse seed set", "Frost kill: the crop is heat-season and seedlings and flowers are damaged near 0 °C", "Gluten-free claim failure when the same mill or farm handles wheat, rye or barley", "Cadmium accumulation in grain on contaminated soils relative to some true cereals", "Bitter off-flavour and reduced palatability if Tartary admixture or hull fragments remain in flour", "Nutritional anti-quality: protease inhibitors and tannins in raw seed if used as a large share of monogastric diets" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Japan and Korea treat buckwheat as a major allergen and centre culinary use on soba; EU and US do not list it among core allergens", "France (especially Brittany) names it sarrasin or blé noir and uses it in galettes; the 'blé' name invites confusion with wheat", "Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Poland treat roasted groats (kasha / kasza gryczana) as a staple, not a specialty flour", "Southwest China and the Himalaya grow both common and Tartary buckwheat; Tartary often dominates high-altitude plots", "North American production concentrates in northern Plains and Canadian Prairie short-season niches, often as a cash or cover crop rather than a dietary staple", "The English name 'buckwheat' and the German Buchweizen / Beech-wheat metaphor persist even though the plant is not a wheat" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "Fagopyrum tataricum (Tartary buckwheat)", "difference": "Achenes are smaller, more rounded-keeled and often grooved; flour is bitterer and much higher in rutin; plants are typically self-compatible. Common buckwheat achenes are sharply trigonous with smooth faces." }, { "name": "Fallopia convolvulus (wild buckwheat / black-bindweed)", "difference": "A twining weed with dull black trigonous achenes in a perianth, not a bushy crop stand; distinguished in the field by climbing habit and in the sample by smaller, duller seed and attached tepals." }, { "name": "Triticum aestivum (bread wheat) and other true cereals", "difference": "True cereals are Poaceae with caryopses and gluten-forming prolamins; F. esculentum is Polygonaceae with a trigonous achene and no wheat gluten. Grain-shape and a cereal PCR or ELISA gluten test separate mill contamination from genuine buckwheat." }, { "name": "Fagopyrum cymosum / F. dibotrys (perennial / golden buckwheat)", "difference": "Perennial rhizomatous plants used mainly as leafy vegetables or wild relatives, not as the annual groat crop; life-history and inflorescence architecture separate them." }, { "name": "Fagopyrum homotropicum", "difference": "A self-compatible wild relative used in breeding; not a commercial groat type. Self-fertility and breeding pedigree, not kitchen use, distinguish it." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of Fagopyrum esculentum this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does an existing Vercy world model already own this species or concept, requiring a registry link instead of a separate publication?", "Which taxonomic treatment should govern the entry's coverage of wild infraspecific material and atypical accessions?", "Which documented cultivars or accessions require exceptions to the usual floral-morph and compatibility assumptions?", "What locally validated temperature, moisture and developmental thresholds support sowing, stress intervention and harvest decisions?", "What termination methods, seed-viability observations and monitoring duration adequately control volunteer recruitment in the intended farming system?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "organism", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Fagopyrum esculentum, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise Fagopyrum esculentum, assess the condition and reproductive potential of observed plants, and select evidence-supported cultivation, harvest or containment actions.", "characteristics": { "substance": "living", "origin": "natural", "agency": "autonomous", "mobility": "self-moving" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Described in 105 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Fagopyrum esculentum, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "a living thing", "physicalCharacter": [ "Moves under its own power or of its own accord.", "Acts on its own behalf.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by diagnostic characters, and those differ by life stage - the young of many kinds are mistaken for other kinds entirely. A sighting is settled by characters, a photograph and a place, not by a name alone." ], "relatedModels": [], "standing": "Described in 105 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Fagopyrum esculentum from another, and a Fagopyrum esculentum from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Fagopyrum esculentum sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Fagopyrum esculentum from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a Fagopyrum esculentum is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Anatomy, parts and life stage.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and life stages", "description": "The parts of a Fagopyrum esculentum and the stages it passes through.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a Fagopyrum esculentum is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a Fagopyrum esculentum is, how it got there and where it may go (self-moving).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a Fagopyrum esculentum is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a Fagopyrum esculentum moves on its own.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Fagopyrum esculentum passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Fagopyrum esculentum between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Fagopyrum esculentum, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Fagopyrum esculentum is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "taxonomic-placement", "name": "Taxonomic placement and identification", "description": "What Fagopyrum esculentum is called scientifically, by whose authority, and how a specimen is recognised.", "rationale": "Names change with revisions while the organism does not, so a name without its authority and date cannot be reconciled later.", "layers": [ { "id": "accepted-name", "name": "Accepted name and synonymy", "description": "The current binomial, its author and date, and the names it replaced.", "findings": [ { "id": "name-and-authority", "name": "Accepted name, authority and synonyms", "description": "What to record so a later revision can be applied without losing the old data.", "questions": [ { "id": "name-and-authority-q01", "text": "What is the accepted scientific name of Fagopyrum esculentum, with its author and year, and which synonyms does it absorb?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "name-and-authority-q02", "text": "Which taxonomic authority is being followed, and what would a competing authority say?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "field-identification", "name": "Field identification", "description": "The characters that separate Fagopyrum esculentum from what it is confused with.", "findings": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters", "name": "Diagnostic characters and confusable kinds", "description": "Features that settle an identification, and those that only suggest it.", "questions": [ { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q01", "text": "Which observable characters distinguish Fagopyrum esculentum from its closest look-alikes, and at which life stage are they visible?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "diagnostic-characters-q02", "text": "What evidence is enough to record an identification as confirmed rather than provisional?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "life-cycle-and-condition", "name": "Life stages, condition and behaviour", "description": "What Fagopyrum esculentum does over its life and how its state is judged.", "rationale": "Stage and condition change what may be done - handled, treated, harvested, left alone - and both are observations with a time.", "layers": [ { "id": "stages-and-reproduction", "name": "Stages and reproduction", "description": "Development from origin to death, including forms that look like different animals.", "findings": [ { "id": "life-stages", "name": "Life stages and their marks", "description": "The stages worth recording and what tells them apart.", "questions": [ { "id": "life-stages-q01", "text": "What stages does Fagopyrum esculentum pass through, and what observable change marks each transition?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "life-stages-q02", "text": "Which stages are so unlike the adult that they are mistaken for another kind?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "health-and-condition", "name": "Health and condition", "description": "How condition is assessed and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition assessment", "description": "Signs of health, injury and stress, and who is competent to judge them.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "How is the condition of Fagopyrum esculentum judged, on what scale, and by whom?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "What condition obliges an agent to act, and what act is permitted to whom?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "range-and-status", "name": "Habitat, range and conservation status", "description": "Where Fagopyrum esculentum lives and how threatened it is.", "rationale": "Range and status govern what is lawful, and both are assessments with an assessor and a year rather than facts of nature.", "layers": [ { "id": "habitat-and-range", "name": "Habitat and range", "description": "Native range, introductions and the habitat it needs.", "findings": [ { "id": "range-record", "name": "Range, introductions and habitat", "description": "What to record about where it is found and how it got there.", "questions": [ { "id": "range-record-q01", "text": "What is the native range of Fagopyrum esculentum, where has it been introduced, and what habitat does it require?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "range-record-q02", "text": "What distinguishes a native record from an introduced or vagrant one?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "protection-status", "name": "Protection and legal status", "description": "Conservation assessments and the rules that follow from them.", "findings": [ { "id": "status-and-rules", "name": "Conservation status and legal consequence", "description": "The assessment, its date, and what it forbids or requires where.", "questions": [ { "id": "status-and-rules-q01", "text": "What conservation status does Fagopyrum esculentum hold, under which assessment and year?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "status-and-rules-q02", "text": "What does that status forbid or require of an agent, and in which jurisdiction?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Fagopyrum esculentum is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }