{ "model": { "rank": 3017, "code": "thing-q133772", "model_id": "vr.tr.dental-caries", "name": "Dental caries", "purpose": "Let an agent explain dental caries and its causes and stages, relay prevention and oral health guidance from dental and health bodies, describe treatment in general terms, and route personal dental questions to dentists.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q133772/", "tier": 2, "score": 92, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "dental caries in animals", "recurrent caries", "Dental caries recurrence", "dentin caries", "odontoclasia", "root caries", "enamel caries", "Early childhood caries", "secondary caries", "pit and fissure surface dental caries", "smooth surface dental caries" ], "aliasCount": 11, "merged": 11, "knownIn": 92, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q133772", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133772", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T03:00:55Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 2, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q133772", "registryId": "vr.tr.dental-caries", "name": "Dental caries", "version": "0.2.0-wave.2", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q133772/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.dental-caries", "name": "Dental caries", "purpose": "Let an agent explain dental caries and its causes and stages, relay prevention and oral health guidance from dental and health bodies, describe treatment in general terms, and route personal dental questions to dentists.", "definition": "A disease of the hard tissues of the teeth in which acids produced by bacteria in dental plaque from dietary sugars demineralise enamel and dentin, producing cavities, progressing from early lesions to cavitated decay, root caries and recurrent caries around restorations, and occurring in humans and animals; dental caries is among the most common diseases worldwide and is prevented by fluoride, oral hygiene and diet, and treated by dentists with remineralisation, fillings and other procedures.", "what_it_is_for": "Tooth decay.", "affordances": [ "explain causes and stages", "relay prevention guidance", "describe treatment generally", "route personal questions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Bacterial and dietary cause", "Progressive stages", "Highly prevalent", "Preventable" ], "appearance": "White spots, brown discolouration and cavities in teeth.", "visual_identification": [ "Acid demineralisation of tooth tissue by plaque bacteria", "Cavities", "Erosion is acid wear without bacteria; periodontal disease affects gums and bone" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "early enamel caries", "dentin caries", "root caries", "recurrent caries", "early childhood caries" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "teeth hard tissue disease", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "caries", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "pathogen", "why": "cariogenic bacteria" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "honey", "why": "sugars contributing to caries" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Dental and public health guidelines on caries prevention", "Water fluoridation policies", "Dental practice regulation" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Agents giving personal dental advice", "Untreated caries leading to pain and infection", "Misinformation about fluoride" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What caries is.", "rationale": "General information.", "layers": [ { "id": "cause", "name": "Cause", "description": "Causes and process.", "findings": [ { "id": "cause-finding", "name": "Cause", "description": "Causes.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do plaque bacteria, sugars and saliva interact to cause caries, and how does it progress?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own teeth, which need a dentist?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "stages", "name": "Stages", "description": "Stages and types.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-finding", "name": "Stages", "description": "Stages.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the stages and types of caries, from early lesions to root and recurrent caries?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits a specific type?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "prevent", "name": "Prevent", "description": "Prevention.", "rationale": "Guidance.", "layers": [ { "id": "hygiene", "name": "Hygiene", "description": "Oral hygiene and fluoride.", "findings": [ { "id": "hygiene-finding", "name": "Hygiene", "description": "Hygiene.", "questions": [ { "text": "What do dental and health bodies recommend on brushing, fluoride, sealants and check-ups?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits fluoride?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "diet", "name": "Diet", "description": "Diet.", "findings": [ { "id": "diet-finding", "name": "Diet", "description": "Diet.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do diet and sugar frequency affect caries risk, according to guidance?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits nutrition?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "treat", "name": "Treat", "description": "Treatment.", "rationale": "General information.", "layers": [ { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment options.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "How is caries treated, from remineralisation to fillings and further procedures, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is dental pain or swelling present now, requiring urgent dental care?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "access", "name": "Access", "description": "Access to care.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-finding", "name": "Access", "description": "Access.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can people access dental care, and what public programmes exist?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits dental services?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "learn", "name": "Learn", "description": "Epidemiology and history.", "rationale": "Education.", "layers": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology-finding", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How common is caries worldwide, and how has prevalence changed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How was the cause of caries discovered, and how did prevention develop?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which misconceptions arise?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should early childhood caries be a separate entry?", "How should dental guidelines be linked?", "How should dental services be linked?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a Dental caries, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain dental caries and its causes and stages, relay prevention and oral health guidance from dental and health bodies, describe treatment in general terms, and route personal dental questions to dentists.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: dental caries in animals, recurrent caries, Dental caries recurrence, dentin caries, odontoclasia, root caries, enamel caries, Early childhood caries, secondary caries, pit and fissure surface dental caries, smooth surface dental caries.", "11 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 92 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a Dental caries, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "dental caries in animals", "recurrent caries", "Dental caries recurrence", "dentin caries", "odontoclasia", "root caries", "enamel caries", "Early childhood caries", "secondary caries", "pit and fissure surface dental caries", "smooth surface dental caries" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 92 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 11 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one Dental caries from another, and a Dental caries from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a Dental caries sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a Dental caries from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a Dental caries passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a Dental caries between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a Dental caries, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a Dental caries is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What Dental caries is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of Dental caries are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is Dental caries operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of Dental caries and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of Dental caries?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as Dental caries?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a Dental caries came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a Dental caries and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a Dental caries is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a Dental caries, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a Dental caries, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a Dental caries is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }