{ "model": { "rank": 3009, "code": "thing-q134205", "model_id": "vr.tr.toothbrush", "name": "toothbrush", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a toothbrush, assess its cleaning readiness and condition, and determine appropriate use, care, component replacement or retirement.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Physical world and living systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "PHY", "domain": "PHY.OBJ", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q134205/", "tier": 2, "score": 93, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "electric toothbrush", "Sonic toothbrush", "Ultrasonic toothbrush", "Oral-B", "Sonicare", "Ruscello", "Diplomat Abigail", "DIPLOMAT CHAMPION", "DIPLOMAT COMFORT", "DIPLOMAT EXECUTIVE", "DIPLOMAT GREAT GATSBY", "DIPLOMAT NANCY", "chewable toothbrush", "interdental brush" ], "aliasCount": 14, "merged": 14, "knownIn": 93, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q134205", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134205", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T14:11:35Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.00379134, "turns": 1, "seconds": 49.2, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 78.9, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c34-99cc-75e3-847f-caea51b388ca\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: toothbrush\nRegistry id: vr.tr.toothbrush\nPlane / domain: PHY / PHY.OBJ\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA V" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q134205", "registryId": "vr.tr.toothbrush", "name": "toothbrush", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "PHY.OBJ" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q134205/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.toothbrush", "name": "toothbrush", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a toothbrush, assess its cleaning readiness and condition, and determine appropriate use, care, component replacement or retirement.", "definition": "A handheld oral-hygiene instrument whose working end is a compact head of densely packed filaments (or an equivalent oscillating/sonic head) used to mechanically disrupt dental plaque and debris from tooth surfaces and the gingival margin.", "scope_statement": "This model owns a toothbrush as a physical implement for brushing teeth, including its cleaning head, handle, actuation mechanism, fitted components and relevant use history; it distinguishes the complete implement from separately tracked replacement heads and accessories.", "in_scope": [ "Manual and powered toothbrushes and their identifying configuration", "Tooth-contact elements, head geometry and access to intended brushing surfaces", "Handle grip, brushing motion and powered operating readiness", "Personal assignment, cleaning, drying and storage condition", "Wear, damage, replaceable-part compatibility and retirement decisions" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Diagnosis and treatment of the user's teeth, gums or oral conditions", "Toothpaste, gels and other applied cleaning substances", "Dental floss, interdental brushes, oral irrigators and dedicated tongue cleaners", "Charging docks, storage cases and replacement-head stock as independently managed objects", "Clinical effectiveness claims and individual brushing prescriptions" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Its intended primary task is brushing tooth surfaces; appearance alone does not distinguish it from a small household cleaning brush.", "Its working end presents a head or arrangement of contact elements intended to move against tooth surfaces, rather than delivering a water jet or drawing floss between teeth.", "A narrow brush intended primarily for interdental gaps is distinguished by its stated purpose and working geometry, even though both objects may have bristles.", "A detachable head without its required handle is a toothbrush component, not a complete usable toothbrush.", "A tongue-cleaning surface on the reverse of a toothbrush head is a secondary feature; a dedicated tongue scraper has a different primary function." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Intended brushing use", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Stated target surfaces and intended user group; unknown if undocumented", "why_it_matters": "Establishes that the object is a toothbrush and identifies restrictions that need checking." }, { "name": "Actuation type", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Manual, powered or unresolved; record documented motion type separately", "why_it_matters": "Determines how brushing motion is produced and which readiness checks apply." }, { "name": "Head dimensions", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Head length, width and thickness in millimetres", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of access and clearance without assuming suitability from marketing labels." }, { "name": "Contact-element construction", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Recorded material, arrangement and manufacturer stiffness designation, each with unknown allowed", "why_it_matters": "Distinguishes cleaning surfaces and avoids treating an unverified stiffness label as a measurement." }, { "name": "Cleaning-head condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed splaying, deformation, missing elements, looseness or no observed defect; uninspected allowed", "why_it_matters": "Provides evidence for continued use, closer inspection or replacement." }, { "name": "Handle and neck integrity", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Observed cracks, sharp damage, looseness, grip deterioration or no observed defect", "why_it_matters": "Identifies defects in the structure used to control the head inside the mouth." }, { "name": "Assigned user", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Reference to assigned user, unassigned or assignment unknown", "why_it_matters": "Supports personal identification and detects uncertainty about prior use." }, { "name": "Hygiene condition", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Recorded residue, moisture, storage exposure and cleaning history; microbiological status unknown unless established", "why_it_matters": "Separates observable cleanliness from unsupported assumptions about contamination." }, { "name": "Fitted-head compatibility", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Handle-to-head pairing with documented compatibility, observed fit and unresolved constraints", "why_it_matters": "Prevents physical attachment alone from being treated as proof of compatibility." }, { "name": "Powered readiness", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not applicable, untested, operational, low-power indication, depleted or fault observed", "why_it_matters": "Determines whether powered brushing is available and what maintenance needs investigation." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the toothbrush and associate it with its assigned user.", "Inspect the head, neck and handle for residue, wear, damage and insecure attachment.", "Brush intended tooth surfaces using the applicable manual or powered operation.", "Clean, dry and store the toothbrush according to verified instructions.", "Fit a verified compatible replacement head or replenish power where supported.", "Withdraw the toothbrush or a component from use when an applicable replacement or fault criterion is met." ] }, "sources": [ { "id": "src-iso-20126", "title": "ISO 20126:2022 Dentistry - Manual toothbrushes - General requirements and test methods", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/80108.html", "what_it_supports": "International product standard defining what a manual toothbrush is, required properties, and laboratory test methods.", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "src-iso-16409", "title": "ISO 16409:2016 Dentistry - Oral care products - Manual interdental brushes", "url": "https://www.iso.org/standard/60077.html", "what_it_supports": "Separates interdental brushes as a neighbouring product with their own ISO definition and sizing (ISO wire diameter).", "url_status": "blocked" }, { "id": "src-ada-seal", "title": "Toothbrushes (ADA Seal of Acceptance product category)", "url": "https://www.ada.org/resources/ada-library/oral-health-topics/toothbrushes", "what_it_supports": "Clinical use, powered vs manual equivalence, replacement interval, and ADA acceptance criteria used in US practice.", "url_status": "live" }, { "id": "src-wikidata-q152423", "title": "toothbrush (Q152423)", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152423", "what_it_supports": "Canonical Wikidata identifier and aliases for the artefact class.", "url_status": "live" } ], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "toothbrush-identity", "name": "Toothbrush identity", "description": "Establishes intended tooth-brushing function and the boundaries of the implement being assessed.", "rationale": "An agent must distinguish a toothbrush from similar brushes and distinguish a complete implement from its components.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-cleaning-role", "name": "Intended cleaning role", "description": "Records evidence that the working surface is intended for brushing teeth.", "findings": [ { "id": "tooth-brushing-purpose", "name": "Tooth-brushing purpose", "description": "Record the stated primary use and the evidence supporting classification as a toothbrush.", "questions": [ { "text": "What establishes that this implement is intended to brush tooth surfaces?", "kind": "definition", "id": "tooth-brushing-purpose-q01" }, { "text": "Does its primary function instead place it with interdental brushes, tongue cleaners or non-oral cleaning brushes?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "tooth-brushing-purpose-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "implement-composition", "name": "Implement composition", "description": "Identifies the handle, cleaning head and components required for the assessed configuration.", "findings": [ { "id": "complete-brushing-assembly", "name": "Complete brushing assembly", "description": "Record whether the object is a complete toothbrush and which parts are integral or detachable.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which parts constitute this toothbrush in its present configuration?", "kind": "definition", "id": "complete-brushing-assembly-q01" }, { "text": "Is the observed object a complete implement, a detached head or a handle awaiting a required head?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "complete-brushing-assembly-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "tooth-contact-and-access", "name": "Tooth contact and access", "description": "Describes the cleaning elements and geometry that meet tooth surfaces.", "rationale": "Toothbrush recognition and suitability depend on its oral working end, not merely its overall size or material.", "layers": [ { "id": "cleaning-elements", "name": "Cleaning elements", "description": "Records the construction and declared properties of bristles or other tooth-contact elements.", "findings": [ { "id": "contact-surface-profile", "name": "Contact surface profile", "description": "Record contact-element material, layout and stated stiffness without inferring unverified performance.", "questions": [ { "text": "What contact elements are present, and how are they arranged across the working surface?", "kind": "definition", "id": "contact-surface-profile-q01" }, { "text": "What source supports any material, stiffness or tip-finish designation?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "contact-surface-profile-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "oral-access-geometry", "name": "Oral access geometry", "description": "Captures head and neck geometry relevant to reaching intended tooth surfaces.", "findings": [ { "id": "head-clearance-and-reach", "name": "Head clearance and reach", "description": "Record dimensions and access constraints while keeping individual suitability unresolved unless assessed.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the head dimensions and the neck length and angle?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "head-clearance-and-reach-q01" }, { "text": "What evidence establishes whether this geometry can reach the intended brushing surfaces for the intended user?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "head-clearance-and-reach-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "brushing-control-and-power", "name": "Brushing control and power", "description": "Records how the toothbrush is held, moved and operated.", "rationale": "An agent needs different action conditions for a manual toothbrush and a powered toothbrush with controls or faults.", "layers": [ { "id": "grip-and-motion", "name": "Grip and motion", "description": "Describes the handle and how brushing motion reaches the cleaning head.", "findings": [ { "id": "controlled-brushing-motion", "name": "Controlled brushing motion", "description": "Record the actuation mechanism and grip features relevant to controlling the head.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is brushing motion supplied by the user's hand, a powered mechanism or a documented combination?", "kind": "definition", "id": "controlled-brushing-motion-q01" }, { "text": "Can the intended user securely hold and operate this handle under the expected brushing conditions?", "kind": "action", "id": "controlled-brushing-motion-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "powered-functions", "name": "Powered functions", "description": "Applies only where power, controls or feedback are present.", "findings": [ { "id": "powered-operation-readiness", "name": "Powered operation readiness", "description": "Record power availability, functional controls and observed feedback without assuming that all powered brushes share features.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which power source, operating modes and feedback features are documented for this toothbrush?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "powered-operation-readiness-q01" }, { "text": "Do observed charge indications, head movement or fault signals permit the intended operation under its instructions?", "kind": "action", "id": "powered-operation-readiness-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "personal-use-and-hygiene", "name": "Personal use and hygiene", "description": "Records whose toothbrush it is and the conditions affecting its preparation and storage.", "rationale": "A toothbrush repeatedly enters the mouth, making assignment and care history directly relevant to action decisions.", "layers": [ { "id": "user-assignment", "name": "User assignment", "description": "Associates the toothbrush or individually assigned head with a user.", "findings": [ { "id": "personal-head-identification", "name": "Personal head identification", "description": "Record identifying marks and assignment uncertainty, including configurations with individually assigned detachable heads.", "questions": [ { "text": "Who is assigned this toothbrush or fitted head, and how is that assignment evidenced?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "personal-head-identification-q01" }, { "text": "If assignment or prior use is uncertain, what verified guidance determines the next action?", "kind": "action", "id": "personal-head-identification-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "cleaning-and-storage", "name": "Cleaning and storage", "description": "Tracks observable residue, moisture and storage conditions alongside applicable care instructions.", "findings": [ { "id": "care-state-and-next-step", "name": "Care state and next step", "description": "Record care-relevant observations without equating visible cleanliness with microbiological safety.", "questions": [ { "text": "What residue, retained moisture or contact with other stored brush heads is observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "care-state-and-next-step-q01" }, { "text": "Which documented cleaning, drying and storage actions apply to this head and handle?", "kind": "action", "id": "care-state-and-next-step-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "wear-and-renewal", "name": "Wear and renewal", "description": "Connects cleaning-head wear and structural faults to component replacement or retirement.", "rationale": "A toothbrush can remain recognisable while its cleaning elements, attachment or powered handle cease to be suitable for continued use.", "layers": [ { "id": "wear-and-damage-evidence", "name": "Wear and damage evidence", "description": "Records changes to tooth-contact elements and the structure supporting them.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-based-review", "name": "Condition-based review", "description": "Record observed deterioration and the evidence used to judge whether it requires intervention.", "questions": [ { "text": "What splaying, deformation, missing elements, cracks or attachment looseness are present?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "condition-based-review-q01" }, { "text": "Which verified condition or service-life criteria require head replacement or withdrawal of the whole toothbrush?", "kind": "action", "id": "condition-based-review-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "component-renewal", "name": "Component renewal", "description": "Determines whether continued service requires a new head, supported power maintenance or replacement of the implement.", "findings": [ { "id": "supported-renewal-path", "name": "Supported renewal path", "description": "Record replaceable parts and compatibility evidence before selecting a renewal action.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which heads or power components are documented as compatible and user-replaceable for this toothbrush?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "supported-renewal-path-q01" }, { "text": "Can the identified issue be resolved through a supported component action, or must the toothbrush be retired?", "kind": "action", "id": "supported-renewal-path-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "manual toothbrush", "electric/powered toothbrush (oscillating-rotating)", "sonic/ultrasonic toothbrush", "interdental/sulcular toothbrush (end-tuft, single-tuft)", "orthodontic toothbrush", "children's toothbrush (age-graded head and handle)", "chewable/disposable travel toothbrush", "ecological/replaceable-head toothbrush (bamboo or cartridge-head)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q152423", "note": "Item for the toothbrush as an artefact class." }, { "scheme": "UNSPSC", "value_or_pattern": "53131503", "note": "Commodity code for toothbrushes in the United Nations Standard Products and Services Code." }, { "scheme": "GPC (GS1)", "value_or_pattern": "brick 10000425 (Toothbrushes)", "note": "Global Product Classification brick used in retail GTINs; individual SKUs are identified by GTIN-13/GTIN-12." }, { "scheme": "ISO 20126 product class", "value_or_pattern": "manual toothbrush as defined in ISO 20126", "note": "The ISO standard is a class definition and test regime, not a instance identifier." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation", "name": "Standards and regulation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "ISO 20126:2022 Dentistry - Manual toothbrushes - General requirements and test methods (ISO)", "ISO 16409:2016 Dentistry - Oral care products - Manual interdental brushes (ISO) - neighbouring class, not the toothbrush itself", "ISO 20127 Dentistry - Powered toothbrushes - General requirements and test methods (ISO)", "ISO 22254 Dentistry - Manual toothbrushes - Resistance of tufted portion to deflection (ISO)", "FDA 21 CFR 872.6855 (manual toothbrush) and 21 CFR 872.6865 (powered toothbrush) - US Class I medical devices (FDA)", "EU MDR 2017/745 - toothbrushes placed on the EU market as medical devices or personal-care products depending on intended-purpose claims (European Commission)", "ADA Seal of Acceptance - Toothbrushes (American Dental Association, voluntary)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-standards-and-regulation-q01", "text": "Which of these standards and regulation hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-real-world-use", "name": "Real-world use", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Twice-daily mechanical plaque removal on facial, lingual and occlusal tooth surfaces as the core of home oral hygiene.", "Dispensed in retail oral-care aisles, hotel amenity kits, airline and hospital admission packs, and dental-office sample packs.", "Used with fluoride dentifrice; head size and filament stiffness are matched to age, orthodontic appliances, and gingival condition.", "Powered models used where dexterity is limited (children, older adults, disability) or where a patient prefers timed brushing.", "Replaced on a calendar interval (commonly about three months) or when filaments splay, after illness, or when shared-use contamination is suspected." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-real-world-use-q01", "text": "Which of these real-world use hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-measurements", "name": "Typical measurements", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "quantity": "head length (brushing surface)", "typical_range": "15-32 (adult ~22-30; child smaller)", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "filament diameter", "typical_range": "0.15-0.25 (soft to medium nylon)", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "handle length", "typical_range": "140-180 (adult); 110-140 (child)", "unit": "mm" }, { "quantity": "recommended replacement interval", "typical_range": "2-4 (commonly 3)", "unit": "months" }, { "quantity": "powered brush frequency (sonic class)", "typical_range": "20000-40000", "unit": "strokes/min" }, { "quantity": "powered brush frequency (oscillating-rotating)", "typical_range": "5000-9000", "unit": "oscillations/min" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-measurements-q01", "text": "Which of these typical measurements hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards", "name": "Failure modes and hazards", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Filament splaying and loss of plaque-removal efficiency with wear; delayed replacement is the common use failure.", "Gingival abrasion and cervical tooth wear from excessive force, hard filaments, or a scrubbing technique.", "Microbial contamination of a wet head stored in a closed cup or shared among users; opportunistic infection risk is mainly relevant for immunocompromised people.", "Ingestion or aspiration of a detached head, chewable brush, or child's brush - a recognised paediatric foreign-body hazard.", "Handle or neck fracture of cheap or aged plastics; powered-brush battery leakage, charger faults, and water ingress.", "Allergic or irritant reactions to nylon, latex-containing grips, or antimicrobial coatings (uncommon)." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-failure-modes-and-hazards-q01", "text": "Which of these failure modes and hazards hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-regional-variation", "name": "Regional variation", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Japan and much of East Asia favour compact heads and very soft, densely packed filaments; North American retail still carries more medium-stiffness, larger-head SKUs.", "Miswak/siwak (Salvadora persica chewing stick) remains a parallel or preferred cleaning implement in parts of the Middle East, North Africa and South Asia rather than a nylon toothbrush.", "Germany and Nordic markets have a large share of replaceable-head and environmental (wood/bamboo) handles; single-use hotel brushes remain common in parts of Asia and the Middle East.", "National dental associations differ on first-use age and fluoride-paste quantity, but the artefact itself is globally the same class." ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-regional-variation-q01", "text": "Which of these regional variation hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-neighbours", "name": "Neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "name": "interdental brush (proxy brush)", "difference": "A small bristled cylinder on a wire spine sized to an interdental embrasure (ISO 16409 / ISO wire diameter); a toothbrush is a tufted head for open tooth faces, not a calibrated interproximal insert." }, { "name": "dental floss / tape", "difference": "A filament or ribbon pulled through the contact point; no handle-mounted tufted head." }, { "name": "tongue cleaner / tongue scraper", "difference": "A blade or loop for the dorsum of the tongue; not designed to clean enamel or the gingival margin." }, { "name": "miswak / chewing stick", "difference": "A fibrous plant stem frayed in use; same hygiene intent but a different artefact class (botanical stick, not a manufactured tufted brush)." }, { "name": "prophy brush / dental polishing cup (professional)", "difference": "A rotary rubber cup or latch-brush used in-office on a handpiece with paste; not a consumer-held home brush." }, { "name": "hairbrush / cosmetic brush", "difference": "Tufted brush for keratin fibres or cosmetics; head geometry, filament type and intended contact surface are not oral." } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-neighbours-q01", "text": "Which of these neighbouring kinds and how to tell them apart hold for the sense of toothbrush this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend toothbrush to include finger-mounted, mouthpiece-shaped, chewable or non-bristled tooth-cleaning implements, and what boundary test should govern them?", "Which evidence supports replacement decisions for different contact-element materials and powered-head designs, beyond visible wear or elapsed time alone?", "How comparable are manufacturer stiffness labels, and which measurable contact properties are useful without implying individual clinical suitability?", "What verified care guidance applies after uncertain prior use, unusual contamination or prolonged damp storage for each toothbrush construction?", "How should the model establish continuity of identity when a reusable powered handle receives successive individually assigned heads?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 18, "questions": 28 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "device, machine or tool", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a toothbrush, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a toothbrush, assess its cleaning readiness and condition, and determine appropriate use, care, component replacement or retirement.", "characteristics": { "substance": "material", "origin": "manufactured", "agency": "inert", "mobility": "varies" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: electric toothbrush, Sonic toothbrush, Ultrasonic toothbrush, Oral-B, Sonicare, Ruscello, Diplomat Abigail, DIPLOMAT CHAMPION, DIPLOMAT COMFORT, DIPLOMAT EXECUTIVE, DIPLOMAT GREAT GATSBY, DIPLOMAT NANCY.", "14 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 93 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a toothbrush, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "matter you can touch", "physicalCharacter": [ "Mobility varies between examples.", "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Recognised by form, by the arrangement of its controls, and by markings - a plate, a model number, a certification mark. Form alone rarely separates two models that do very different things." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "electric toothbrush", "Sonic toothbrush", "Ultrasonic toothbrush", "Oral-B", "Sonicare", "Ruscello", "Diplomat Abigail", "DIPLOMAT CHAMPION", "DIPLOMAT COMFORT", "DIPLOMAT EXECUTIVE", "DIPLOMAT GREAT GATSBY", "DIPLOMAT NANCY" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 93 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 14 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one toothbrush from another, and a toothbrush from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a toothbrush sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a toothbrush from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "form-and-composition", "name": "Form, composition and condition", "description": "What a toothbrush is made of, what shape and size it takes, and what state it is in.", "rationale": "A physical thing can be measured, and a model that cannot record its measurements cannot support any decision that depends on them.", "layers": [ { "id": "form-and-dimensions", "name": "Form and dimensions", "description": "Shape, size, mass and the ranges these take across examples.", "findings": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions", "name": "Measurable dimensions and their units", "description": "The quantities worth recording and the units they are recorded in.", "questions": [ { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the dimensions of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the dimensions of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "measurable-dimensions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the dimensions of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "material-and-composition", "name": "Material and composition", "description": "Materials, parts and how they are put together.", "findings": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials", "name": "Parts and materials", "description": "What a toothbrush is built from and which parts are replaceable.", "questions": [ { "id": "parts-and-materials-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the composition of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the composition of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "parts-and-materials-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the composition of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-integrity", "name": "Condition and integrity", "description": "Wear, damage, health and the difference between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "condition-assessment", "name": "Condition, damage and health", "description": "How the condition of a toothbrush is judged and by whom.", "questions": [ { "id": "condition-assessment-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the condition of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the condition of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "condition-assessment-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the condition of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "place-and-movement", "name": "Place and movement", "description": "Where a toothbrush is, how it got there and where it may go (varies).", "rationale": "A thing that can move needs its position recorded with a time, or every later claim about it is about a place it has left.", "layers": [ { "id": "location-and-placement", "name": "Location and placement", "description": "Position, containment and the reference frame the position is given in.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-frame", "name": "Position, container and reference frame", "description": "Where a toothbrush is, and what that position is measured against.", "questions": [ { "id": "position-and-frame-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the location of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the location of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "position-and-frame-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the location of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "movement-and-transfer", "name": "Movement and transfer", "description": "How a toothbrush is carried, installed or relocated.", "findings": [ { "id": "movement-events", "name": "Movement events and constraints", "description": "What counts as a movement, what records it and what limits it.", "questions": [ { "id": "movement-events-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the movement of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the movement of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "movement-events-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the movement of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a toothbrush passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a toothbrush between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a toothbrush, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a toothbrush is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "function-and-principle", "name": "Function and operating principle", "description": "What toothbrush is for and how it achieves it.", "rationale": "Two devices with the same name can work on different principles, and the principle is what predicts failure and constrains use.", "layers": [ { "id": "intended-function", "name": "Intended function", "description": "The job it does, and the jobs it is used for anyway.", "findings": [ { "id": "function-record", "name": "Function, principle and variants", "description": "What it does, how, and which variants do it differently.", "questions": [ { "id": "function-record-q01", "text": "What function does toothbrush perform, on what operating principle, and which variants differ in that principle?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "function-record-q02", "text": "What use falls outside the intended function but happens in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "capacity-and-rating", "name": "Capacity and rating", "description": "The numbers that say what it can do and where it stops.", "findings": [ { "id": "ratings", "name": "Ratings and their conditions", "description": "Rated capacity, power, throughput and the conditions each assumes.", "questions": [ { "id": "ratings-q01", "text": "What ratings characterise toothbrush, in what units, and under what stated conditions?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "ratings-q02", "text": "What happens beyond the rating - degradation, refusal, damage - and how is that detected?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "operation-and-state", "name": "Operation, controls and state", "description": "How toothbrush is operated and what state it is in right now.", "rationale": "An agent acting on a device needs its current state and the controls that change it, not just its specification.", "layers": [ { "id": "controls-and-modes", "name": "Controls and modes", "description": "What can be set, what that changes, and what is interlocked.", "findings": [ { "id": "control-surface", "name": "Control surface and interlocks", "description": "The settings available and the conditions that block them.", "questions": [ { "id": "control-surface-q01", "text": "What controls and modes does toothbrush have, and what does each change?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "control-surface-q02", "text": "Which actions are interlocked or forbidden in which state, and what must be true before acting?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "condition-and-maintenance", "name": "Condition and maintenance", "description": "Wear, service intervals, consumables and the line between working and broken.", "findings": [ { "id": "service-record", "name": "Condition, service and consumables", "description": "What is consumed, what is serviced, and how condition is judged.", "questions": [ { "id": "service-record-q01", "text": "What consumables and service does toothbrush need, at what interval, and on whose authority?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "service-record-q02", "text": "What evidence separates a unit that is working from one that is out of service?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "kind-model-unit", "name": "Kind, model and unit", "description": "Whether a claim about toothbrush is about the kind, a product line, or one physical unit.", "rationale": "This is the boundary most often got wrong for made things, and getting it wrong mixes a catalogue entry with the machine in the yard.", "layers": [ { "id": "level-of-reference", "name": "Level of reference", "description": "The three levels and what belongs at each.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs to kind, model and unit", "description": "Which properties are shared by all of them and which are not.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "Which facts about toothbrush hold for every one of them, which for a model, and which only for one unit?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifies an individual unit, and what should an agent do when it has only the kind?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards-and-conformity", "name": "Standards and conformity", "description": "The standards a working example must meet and who attests it.", "findings": [ { "id": "conformity", "name": "Standards, marks and attestation", "description": "Which standard applies, who certifies, and what the mark means.", "questions": [ { "id": "conformity-q01", "text": "Which standards govern toothbrush, issued by whom, and what does conformity actually assert?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "conformity-q02", "text": "What may an agent conclude from a certification mark, and what may it not?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a toothbrush came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a toothbrush and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a toothbrush is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a toothbrush, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a toothbrush, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a toothbrush is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 8, "layers": 17, "findings": 19, "questions": 51 } } } }