{ "model": { "rank": 4050, "code": "thing-q134550", "model_id": "vr.tr.transliteration", "name": "transliteration", "purpose": "Let an agent explain transliteration and its difference from transcription, identify standard systems for a given script and purpose, relay standards from ISO, national and library bodies, and help apply or identify a system in a text.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q134550/", "tier": 2, "score": 79, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "romanization of Arabic", "cyrillization of Spanish", "DIN 31635", "scientific transliteration of Cyrillic", "Chuvash transliteration", "Komi-Zyrian transliteration", "Komi-Permyak transliteration", "Rusyn transliteration", "Greek transliteration", "transliteration into Arabic script", "Punjabi transliteration", "Cyrillic-to-Latin transliteration", "Latin-to-Cyrillic transliteration", "Sanskrit transliteration", "Bulgarian transliteration", "Telugu transliteration", "Tatar transliteration", "Bashkir transliteration", "Kyrgyz transliteration", "romanization of Chinese", "transcription into Chinese characters", "machine transliteration", "romanization of Sylheti", "transliteration of Tibetan script", "Transliteration of Chinese", "Rules for Transliteration of Foreign Languages", "Mongolian transliteration of Chinese characters", "transcription into Korean", "cyrillization of Greek", "cyrillization of Portuguese", "transliteration into Armenian", "hebraization", "cyrillization of Italian", "transliteration of Arabic into German", "transliteration into Georgian", "transliteration into Greek", "transliteration of Greek into Serbian", "transliteration of Greek into Ukrainian", "transliteration of Greek into Bulgarian", "transliteration into Persian" ], "aliasCount": 60, "merged": 60, "knownIn": 79, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q134550", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134550", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T22:52:19Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q134550", "registryId": "vr.tr.transliteration", "name": "transliteration", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q134550/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.transliteration", "name": "transliteration", "purpose": "Let an agent explain transliteration and its difference from transcription, identify standard systems for a given script and purpose, relay standards from ISO, national and library bodies, and help apply or identify a system in a text.", "definition": "The conversion of text from one script to another by mapping characters or graphemes, ideally reversibly, as distinct from transcription, which represents sounds; transliteration systems exist for scripts such as Cyrillic, Arabic, Greek, Hebrew and many others, standardised by bodies such as ISO, national standards institutes and libraries, and used in cataloguing, passports, place names, scholarship and everyday romanisation.", "what_it_is_for": "Representing one script in another consistently.", "affordances": [ "explain the concept and distinctions", "identify standard systems by script", "relay standards", "help apply or identify a system" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Script-based mapping", "Reversibility as an ideal", "Multiple competing standards", "Purpose-specific choices" ], "appearance": "Not a visible object; text rendered in a different script, such as Cyrillic names in Latin letters.", "visual_identification": [ "Character-to-character script conversion", "Systems by script and purpose", "Transcription represents pronunciation; translation changes language" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "romanisation of Cyrillic, including scientific transliteration and ISO 9", "romanisation of Arabic, including DIN 31635 and ALA-LC", "romanisation of other scripts such as Greek, Hebrew, Chinese pinyin and Japanese", "transliteration into non-Latin scripts, such as cyrillisation", "systems for minority languages such as Chuvash and Komi-Zyrian", "library and passport standards" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "conversion of script", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "transcription", "why": "sound-based rendering" }, { "relation": "is standardised by", "target": "ISO", "why": "and national bodies" }, { "relation": "is used in", "target": "library cataloguing", "why": "a main application" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ISO 15924", "value_or_pattern": "script codes", "note": "identify source and target scripts" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISO 9, ISO 233 and other ISO transliteration standards", "DIN 31635 and other national standards", "ALA-LC romanisation tables", "ICAO rules for machine-readable passports" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Inconsistent systems for the same name", "Irreversible mappings", "Confusing transliteration with transcription", "Politically contested choices" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "concept", "name": "Concept", "description": "What transliteration is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition and distinctions.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is transliteration, and how does it differ from transcription and translation?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about transliteration, transcription or translation?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "systems", "name": "Systems", "description": "Systems by script.", "findings": [ { "id": "systems-finding", "name": "Systems", "description": "Systems.", "questions": [ { "text": "What standard systems exist for a given script, and how do they differ?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific system?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "apply", "name": "Apply", "description": "Applying systems.", "rationale": "Practice.", "layers": [ { "id": "choose", "name": "Choose", "description": "Choosing a system.", "findings": [ { "id": "choose-finding", "name": "Choose", "description": "Choose.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which system suits a given purpose, such as cataloguing, passports or scholarship?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "What is the transliteration of the text in question under the chosen system?", "kind": "measurement" } ] } ] }, { "id": "identify", "name": "Identify", "description": "Identifying a system.", "findings": [ { "id": "identify-finding", "name": "Identify", "description": "Identify.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can the system used in a text be identified?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "standards", "name": "Standards", "description": "Standards and bodies.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "bodies", "name": "Bodies", "description": "Standards bodies.", "findings": [ { "id": "bodies-finding", "name": "Bodies", "description": "Bodies.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which bodies set transliteration standards, and how do they relate?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits ISO 9?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "official", "name": "Official", "description": "Official uses.", "findings": [ { "id": "official-finding", "name": "Official", "description": "Official.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do passports, place name authorities and libraries apply transliteration?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History and politics.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did transliteration systems develop, and why do multiple systems coexist?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of romanisation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "politics", "name": "Politics", "description": "Contested choices.", "findings": [ { "id": "politics-finding", "name": "Politics", "description": "Politics.", "questions": [ { "text": "Why are transliteration choices sometimes politically contested, with positions attributed?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation neutral?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each script romanisation be a separate entry?", "How should standards be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming specific systems and languages; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a transliteration, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain transliteration and its difference from transcription, identify standard systems for a given script and purpose, relay standards from ISO, national and library bodies, and help apply or identify a system in a text.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: romanization of Arabic, cyrillization of Spanish, DIN 31635, scientific transliteration of Cyrillic, Chuvash transliteration, Komi-Zyrian transliteration, Komi-Permyak transliteration, Rusyn transliteration, Greek transliteration, transliteration into Arabic script, Punjabi transliteration, Cyrillic-to-Latin transliteration.", "60 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a transliteration, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "romanization of Arabic", "cyrillization of Spanish", "DIN 31635", "scientific transliteration of Cyrillic", "Chuvash transliteration", "Komi-Zyrian transliteration", "Komi-Permyak transliteration", "Rusyn transliteration", "Greek transliteration", "transliteration into Arabic script", "Punjabi transliteration", "Cyrillic-to-Latin transliteration" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 79 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 60 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one transliteration from another, and a transliteration from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a transliteration sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a transliteration from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a transliteration passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a transliteration between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a transliteration, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a transliteration is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a transliteration proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a transliteration, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a transliteration and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a transliteration consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a transliteration takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What transliteration is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of transliteration are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is transliteration operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of transliteration and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of transliteration?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as transliteration?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a transliteration came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a transliteration and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a transliteration is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a transliteration, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a transliteration, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a transliteration is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }