{ "model": { "rank": 17857, "code": "thing-q1365309", "model_id": "vr.tr.glioma", "name": "glioma", "purpose": "Let an agent explain gliomas and their classification in general terms, relay diagnosis and treatment information from oncology guidelines and patient organisations, and route personal symptoms, scans and treatment questions to clinicians.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Cross-cutting context", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "XCT", "domain": "XCT.STA", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q1365309/", "tier": 2, "score": 30, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "juvenile astrocytoma", "visual pathway glioma", "anaplastic childhood astrocytoma", "rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor", "embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes", "H3K27M mutant diffuse midline glioma", "IDH-mutant glioma", "Angiocentric glioma", "diffuse hemispheric glioma", "infant-type hemispheric glioma", "thalamic glioma", "oligodendroglioma", "astrocytoma", "brain glioma", "spinal cord glioma", "chordoid glioma", "mixed glioma", "oligoastrocytoma", "pilocytic astrocytoma", "low grade glioma", "grade III glioma", "ependymal tumor", "third ventricle chordoid glioma", "brain astrocytoma", "optic nerve astrocytoma", "IDH-mutant astrocytoma", "bithalamic glioma", "Oligodendroblastoma", "childhood oligodendroglioma", "spinal cord oligodendroglioma", "adult oligodendroglioma", "brain oligodendroglioma", "glioneuronal tumor with neuropil-like islands", "pilomyxoid astrocytoma", "adult astrocytic tumour", "gliofibroma", "protoplasmic astrocytoma", "astroblastoma", "anaplastic astrocytoma", "gemistocytic astrocytoma" ], "aliasCount": 50, "merged": 50, "knownIn": 30, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q1365309", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365309", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-12T20:06:18Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 3, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q1365309", "registryId": "vr.tr.glioma", "name": "glioma", "version": "0.2.0-wave.3", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "XCT.STA" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1365309/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.glioma", "name": "glioma", "purpose": "Let an agent explain gliomas and their classification in general terms, relay diagnosis and treatment information from oncology guidelines and patient organisations, and route personal symptoms, scans and treatment questions to clinicians.", "definition": "A tumour arising from glial cells of the brain or spinal cord, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas and ependymomas, graded from slow-growing to highly malignant such as glioblastoma, and classified by histology and molecular markers; gliomas are the most common primary brain tumours and are treated by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy according to type and grade.", "what_it_is_for": "Not applicable; a disease.", "affordances": [ "explain types, grades and classification", "relay treatment approaches from guidelines", "relay support resources", "route personal questions to clinicians" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Arises from glial cells", "Graded 1 to 4 with molecular classification", "Infiltrative growth in the brain", "Treatment by surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy" ], "appearance": "Not visible externally; seen on brain imaging as a mass, and under the microscope as glial tumour cells.", "visual_identification": [ "Tumour of glial cells in the central nervous system", "Classified by cell type, grade and molecular markers such as IDH mutation", "Meningiomas and metastases are other brain tumours" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "share of primary brain tumours", "typical_range": "about a third", "unit": "proportion", "note": "and most malignant primary brain tumours" }, { "quantity": "WHO grades", "typical_range": "1-4", "unit": "grades", "note": "by type" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "astrocytomas including glioblastoma", "oligodendrogliomas", "ependymomas", "paediatric gliomas including diffuse midline glioma", "low-grade and high-grade gliomas" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "brain tumour", "why": "a primary tumour" }, { "relation": "arises from", "target": "glial cell", "why": "the cell of origin" }, { "relation": "includes", "target": "glioblastoma", "why": "the most common malignant form" }, { "relation": "is confused with", "target": "meningioma", "why": "a tumour of the meninges" } ], "identifiers": [ { "scheme": "ICD-10", "value_or_pattern": "C71", "note": "malignant neoplasm of brain" }, { "scheme": "ICD-O-3", "value_or_pattern": "938-948 morphology codes", "note": "glial tumours" }, { "scheme": "WHO CNS classification", "value_or_pattern": "2021 edition", "note": "types and grades" } ], "standards_and_regulation": [ "WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System", "Oncology guidelines from bodies such as EANO and NCCN", "Cancer registration and reporting rules" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Late diagnosis", "Treatment side effects", "Outdated classifications", "Agents giving personal medical advice" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What gliomas are.", "rationale": "General information.", "layers": [ { "id": "types", "name": "Types", "description": "Types and grades.", "findings": [ { "id": "types-finding", "name": "Types", "description": "Types.", "questions": [ { "text": "What types and grades of glioma exist, and how does molecular classification define them?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the user asking about their own diagnosis or scan, which needs a clinician?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "signs", "name": "Signs", "description": "Presentation.", "findings": [ { "id": "signs-finding", "name": "Signs", "description": "Signs.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do gliomas present, and how are they distinguished from other brain tumours, in general terms?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits brain tumours generally?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "diagnose", "name": "Diagnose", "description": "Diagnosis.", "rationale": "Clinical.", "layers": [ { "id": "imaging", "name": "Imaging", "description": "Imaging and biopsy.", "findings": [ { "id": "imaging-finding", "name": "Imaging", "description": "Imaging.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are gliomas diagnosed by imaging and tissue analysis, in general terms?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits brain imaging?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "markers", "name": "Markers", "description": "Molecular markers.", "findings": [ { "id": "markers-finding", "name": "Markers", "description": "Markers.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which molecular markers guide classification and prognosis?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "treat", "name": "Treat", "description": "Treatment and support.", "rationale": "Care.", "layers": [ { "id": "treatment", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "findings": [ { "id": "treatment-finding", "name": "Treatment", "description": "Treatment.", "questions": [ { "text": "What treatments do guidelines describe by type and grade?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Is the presentation free of personal treatment advice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "support", "name": "Support", "description": "Support.", "findings": [ { "id": "support-finding", "name": "Support", "description": "Support.", "questions": [ { "text": "What support exists for patients and families, and which organisations provide it?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits cancer support?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "research", "name": "Research", "description": "Epidemiology and research.", "rationale": "Study.", "layers": [ { "id": "epidemiology", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Incidence.", "findings": [ { "id": "epidemiology-finding", "name": "Epidemiology", "description": "Epidemiology.", "questions": [ { "text": "How common are gliomas, and what risk factors are established, with sources?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "trials", "name": "Trials", "description": "Research.", "findings": [ { "id": "trials-finding", "name": "Trials", "description": "Trials.", "questions": [ { "text": "What research and trials are under way, with attribution?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits clinical trials?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each glioma type be a separate entry?", "How should guideline versions be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases for rare and paediatric tumour types; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a glioma, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain gliomas and their classification in general terms, relay diagnosis and treatment information from oncology guidelines and patient organisations, and route personal symptoms, scans and treatment questions to clinicians.", "characteristics": { "substance": "abstract", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: juvenile astrocytoma, visual pathway glioma, anaplastic childhood astrocytoma, rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor, embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes, H3K27M mutant diffuse midline glioma, IDH-mutant glioma, Angiocentric glioma, diffuse hemispheric glioma, infant-type hemispheric glioma, thalamic glioma, oligodendroglioma.", "50 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 30 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a glioma, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "an abstraction with no physical instance", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "juvenile astrocytoma", "visual pathway glioma", "anaplastic childhood astrocytoma", "rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor", "embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes", "H3K27M mutant diffuse midline glioma", "IDH-mutant glioma", "Angiocentric glioma", "diffuse hemispheric glioma", "infant-type hemispheric glioma", "thalamic glioma", "oligodendroglioma" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 30 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 50 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one glioma from another, and a glioma from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a glioma sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a glioma from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a glioma passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a glioma between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a glioma, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a glioma is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What glioma is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of glioma are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is glioma operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of glioma and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of glioma?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as glioma?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a glioma came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a glioma and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a glioma is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a glioma, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a glioma, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a glioma is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 5, "layers": 10, "findings": 12, "questions": 32 } } } }