{ "model": { "rank": 2969, "code": "thing-q136851", "model_id": "vr.tr.curling", "name": "curling", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a curling activity, assess its playing state and determine which deliveries, sweeping actions and procedural decisions are available.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q136851/", "tier": 2, "score": 93, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "mixed curling", "wheelchair curling", "women's curling", "mixed doubles curling", "Unicurl", "Doubles curling" ], "aliasCount": 6, "merged": 6, "knownIn": 93, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q136851", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136851", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-07T13:57:33Z", "providers": [ "Codex", "Grok" ], "missingProviders": [], "pass": 2, "cost": { "grok": { "usd": 0.0034323, "turns": 1, "seconds": 22.6, "error": null }, "codex": { "seconds": 81.5, "error": "Reading additional input from stdin...\nOpenAI Codex v0.153.3\n--------\nworkdir: R:\\02_PROJECTS\\02_Meta_Models_Platforms\\Ver.cy\\current\\thing-registry-backlog\nmodel: gpt-6-astra\nprovider: openai\napproval: never\nsandbox: read-only\nreasoning effort: none\nreasoning summaries: none\nsession id: 01a07c27-b5cb-7a73-a3a4-394806687d87\n--------\nuser\nYou are drafting a Vercy meta-model for one registered thing. Answer as JSON only, no prose around it.\n\nThing: curling\nRegistry id: vr.tr.curling\nPlane / domain: ACT / ACT.ACT\nRegistry definition: (none recorded)\nNames folded into this entry: (none)\n\nA Vercy m" } } }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q136851", "registryId": "vr.tr.curling", "name": "curling", "version": "0.1.0-research.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q136851/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.curling", "name": "curling", "purpose": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a curling activity, assess its playing state and determine which deliveries, sweeping actions and procedural decisions are available.", "definition": "Curling is an ice sport in which two teams of four players take turns sliding granite stones toward a circular target (the house) on a sheet of ice, using team strategy and sweeping to influence stone trajectory and placement.", "scope_statement": "This model owns curling as a sporting activity organised around delivering stones along an ice sheet toward a house, including format-dependent participation, shot execution, stone interaction, end scoring and progression through play.", "in_scope": [ "Curling format, applicable rules and roles during play", "Sheet geometry, ice conditions and their effects on stone travel", "Delivery sequence, shot intent and execution", "Sweeping permissions, actions and observed effects", "Stone positions, end resolution and game progression" ], "out_of_scope": [ "Ice-rink construction, refrigeration and facility management", "Manufacture and maintenance histories of stones, brushes and delivery aids", "Athlete medical records and general fitness programmes", "Club administration, tournament scheduling and rankings", "Other target sports and industrial or cosmetic meanings of curling" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "The activity involves delivering curling stones along an ice sheet toward a circular scoring target called the house.", "Play depends on stones coming to rest and altering access to the house through guards, draws, removals or other stone interactions.", "Scoring is resolved by comparing eligible stones with the button and opposing stones, rather than by counting target impacts.", "Delivery rotation and ice conditions affect curved stone travel; sweeping permissions and techniques depend on the curling format.", "The activity progresses through ends with a defined stone allocation and delivery order, distinguishing it from an informal stone-sliding exercise." ], "characteristics": [ { "name": "Activity format", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Team curling, mixed doubles, wheelchair curling, adapted or other declared format", "why_it_matters": "Determines which participation, delivery, sweeping and scoring provisions must be resolved." }, { "name": "Governing rules", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Applicable rulebook, edition and local or event modifications", "why_it_matters": "Supports decisions about legal actions without treating one format's rules as universal." }, { "name": "End and delivery state", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Current end, next delivering side, stones remaining and unresolved procedural events", "why_it_matters": "Establishes what can happen next and whether play may proceed." }, { "name": "Stone position", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Coordinates in metres relative to a declared sheet reference, with stone footprint and uncertainty", "why_it_matters": "Supports assessment of scoring proximity, guards, clearances and boundary interactions." }, { "name": "Stone eligibility", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Not yet delivered, pre-positioned, in motion, in play, removed or disputed", "why_it_matters": "Prevents a visible stone from being assumed to count or remain available for play." }, { "name": "Last-stone advantage", "kind": "relation", "unit_or_values": "Side holding last delivery in the current end, with basis and any applicable qualification", "why_it_matters": "Changes tactical choices and links end outcomes to subsequent play." }, { "name": "Observed ice response", "kind": "measurement", "unit_or_values": "Travel time in seconds between named reference points and lateral deviation in centimetres under recorded shot conditions", "why_it_matters": "Grounds estimates of weight and curl in observations tied to a particular path and time." }, { "name": "Shot intent", "kind": "category", "unit_or_values": "Guard, draw, takeout, raise, freeze, combination or other declared intent", "why_it_matters": "Allows execution to be judged against an intended resulting position." }, { "name": "Score status", "kind": "state", "unit_or_values": "Provisional or agreed end score, cumulative score and pending measurements or rulings", "why_it_matters": "Separates a visual scoring estimate from an accepted result." } ], "affordances": [ "Identify the applicable curling format and determine the next permitted delivery.", "Record a shot's intended line, weight, rotation and resulting stone positions.", "Assess scoring order and flag comparisons that require measurement.", "Suggest shot options using guards, accessible paths, stones remaining and last-stone advantage.", "Check sweeping or stone-contact events against the applicable rules and flag required rulings.", "Close an agreed end and update score, delivery order and the next end's setup." ] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "format-and-end-setup", "name": "Format and end setup", "description": "Establishes which form of curling is being played and how its ends are constituted.", "rationale": "Stone allocation, participant roles and initial positions cannot safely be inferred from the word curling alone.", "layers": [ { "id": "curling-format-and-authority", "name": "Curling format and authority", "description": "Connects the activity to the rules that govern its particular form.", "findings": [ { "id": "applicable-curling-provisions", "name": "Applicable curling provisions", "description": "Record the declared format and the authority for resolving format-dependent actions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which curling format is being played, and is this a game, practice end or shot exercise?", "kind": "definition", "id": "applicable-curling-provisions-q01" }, { "text": "Which rulebook edition and event or local modifications govern delivery, sweeping and end setup?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "applicable-curling-provisions-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "sides-roles-and-stone-allocation", "name": "Sides, roles and stone allocation", "description": "Describes who acts, which stones belong to each side and how play begins.", "findings": [ { "id": "initial-and-next-delivery-state", "name": "Initial and next delivery state", "description": "Record the starting arrangement, participant assignments and remaining delivery sequence.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which side owns each stone, who is assigned to deliver or direct play, and which stones are pre-positioned if the format requires them?", "kind": "definition", "id": "initial-and-next-delivery-state-q01" }, { "text": "Which side delivers next, how many deliveries remain for each side and how was last delivery assigned?", "kind": "action", "id": "initial-and-next-delivery-state-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sheet-and-ice-response", "name": "Sheet and ice response", "description": "Represents the playing geometry and observed behaviour of stones on the current ice.", "rationale": "A curling shot depends on both marked boundaries and changing travel behaviour along its chosen path.", "layers": [ { "id": "sheet-reference-geometry", "name": "Sheet reference geometry", "description": "Locates stones and travel paths against the house, button and relevant lines.", "findings": [ { "id": "position-and-boundary-evidence", "name": "Position and boundary evidence", "description": "Record geometry with enough precision to distinguish tactical position from a boundary ruling.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are the button, house limits, hog lines, back lines and side boundaries in the chosen coordinate reference?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "position-and-boundary-evidence-q01" }, { "text": "Which stone footprints touch or cross a relevant boundary, and is the observation precise enough to apply the governing rule?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "position-and-boundary-evidence-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "path-dependent-ice-behaviour", "name": "Path-dependent ice behaviour", "description": "Tracks observed speed and curl without assuming uniform ice across the sheet.", "findings": [ { "id": "observed-weight-and-curl", "name": "Observed weight and curl", "description": "Relate recent stone travel to path, rotation, sweeping and observation time.", "questions": [ { "text": "What travel times and lateral deviations have been observed on comparable paths, with which stones, rotations and sweeping actions?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "observed-weight-and-curl-q01" }, { "text": "Do recent observations justify changing the intended weight or line, and how uncertain is that adjustment?", "kind": "action", "id": "observed-weight-and-curl-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "shot-planning-and-delivery", "name": "Shot planning and delivery", "description": "Connects intended stone arrangements to delivery choices and observed execution.", "rationale": "Judging a curling shot requires knowing its tactical purpose and separating release execution from the final outcome.", "layers": [ { "id": "target-arrangement-and-shot-choice", "name": "Target arrangement and shot choice", "description": "Represents intended placements, contacts and acceptable misses.", "findings": [ { "id": "intended-stone-outcome", "name": "Intended stone outcome", "description": "Express the shot as a desired change to the stone arrangement and scoring prospects.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which stone should finish where, which contacts are intended and what role should the resulting guard, draw or removal serve?", "kind": "definition", "id": "intended-stone-outcome-q01" }, { "text": "Which shot options remain legal and reachable given protected stones, available paths, deliveries remaining and last-stone advantage?", "kind": "action", "id": "intended-stone-outcome-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "release-and-execution", "name": "Release and execution", "description": "Captures delivery parameters and evidence needed to assess release legality and shot execution.", "findings": [ { "id": "delivered-line-weight-and-rotation", "name": "Delivered line, weight and rotation", "description": "Record intended and observed release conditions using declared measurement conventions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What line, weight and rotation were called, and what release direction, travel time and rotation were observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "delivered-line-weight-and-rotation-q01" }, { "text": "Was the delivery method and release compliant with this format, and what observation or official decision supports that assessment?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "delivered-line-weight-and-rotation-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "sweeping-and-stone-interactions", "name": "Sweeping and stone interactions", "description": "Tracks interventions and contacts while a shot develops.", "rationale": "Sweeping, collisions and accidental disturbance can change both the physical outcome and the legally accepted position.", "layers": [ { "id": "sweeping-decisions", "name": "Sweeping decisions", "description": "Relates permitted sweeping to the moving stone, its location and the intended result.", "findings": [ { "id": "permitted-and-observed-sweeping", "name": "Permitted and observed sweeping", "description": "Record who swept, where and when, alongside the applicable permissions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does this format permit sweeping, and who may sweep the relevant stone at its current location?", "kind": "boundary", "id": "permitted-and-observed-sweeping-q01" }, { "text": "What sweeping was called and performed, over which segment of travel, and what change in motion was observed?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "permitted-and-observed-sweeping-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "contacts-and-position-remedies", "name": "Contacts and position remedies", "description": "Distinguishes normal stone collisions from disturbances requiring a procedural response.", "findings": [ { "id": "stone-contact-sequence-and-ruling", "name": "Stone-contact sequence and ruling", "description": "Preserve the sequence of contacts and any discrepancy between observed and accepted resting positions.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which stones contacted one another, and was any moving or stationary stone touched or displaced by a person or equipment?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "stone-contact-sequence-and-ruling-q01" }, { "text": "Does the applicable rule require removal, replacement, acceptance of positions or a ruling, and who is authorised to decide?", "kind": "action", "id": "stone-contact-sequence-and-ruling-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "house-assessment-and-game-progression", "name": "House assessment and game progression", "description": "Turns accepted resting positions into scoring decisions and the next playable state.", "rationale": "Proximity alone does not establish a completed end; eligibility, unresolved measurements and agreement also matter.", "layers": [ { "id": "scoring-position-and-measurement", "name": "Scoring position and measurement", "description": "Assesses which eligible stones count and where evidence is insufficient.", "findings": [ { "id": "provisional-count-and-disputed-distance", "name": "Provisional count and disputed distance", "description": "Record scoring eligibility, relative proximity and any required measurement before positions are disturbed.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which stones are eligible to score, and how do their distances from the button compare with the nearest eligible opposing stone?", "kind": "measurement", "id": "provisional-count-and-disputed-distance-q01" }, { "text": "Which house-edge or proximity comparisons remain unresolved, and what measurement or authorised decision is needed before stones may be moved?", "kind": "action", "id": "provisional-count-and-disputed-distance-q02" } ] } ] }, { "id": "end-closure-and-continuation", "name": "End closure and continuation", "description": "Records the accepted result and determines whether another end or another procedural step follows.", "findings": [ { "id": "accepted-end-and-next-state", "name": "Accepted end and next state", "description": "Connect the agreed end outcome to cumulative score, subsequent setup and completion conditions.", "questions": [ { "text": "What end score was agreed or awarded, by whom, and are any measurements or rulings still pending?", "kind": "provenance", "id": "accepted-end-and-next-state-q01" }, { "text": "Under the governing format, does this result lead to another end, an extra end or game completion, and what delivery order and setup follow?", "kind": "action", "id": "accepted-end-and-next-state-q02" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "evidence-and-external-alignment", "name": "Evidence and external alignment", "description": "What the world already says about this thing, gathered so the model can be checked against it.", "rationale": "A model that cannot be lined up against existing standards, identifiers and practice cannot be adopted by anyone who already uses them.", "layers": [ { "id": "reported-evidence", "name": "Reported evidence", "description": "Findings from the breadth pass, kept separate from the structural claims.", "findings": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds", "name": "Kinds and varieties", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ "Olympic / World Curling Federation curling (standard 10-end, 4-player teams)", "Mixed curling (two men and two women)", "Mixed doubles curling (one man and one woman, 8 ends, two stones each plus a pre-placed stone)", "Wheelchair curling (no sweeping; delivery from a wheelchair, typically 8 ends)", "Junior curling (under-21 age class)", "Senior / masters curling (age-restricted recreational and championship play)", "Stick curling / delivery-stick play (delivery aid; used in adaptive and some recreational formats)", "Bonspiel / recreational club curling (social tournament and league play under local house rules)" ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-kinds-q01", "text": "Which of these kinds and varieties hold for the sense of curling this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] }, { "id": "evidence-identifiers", "name": "Identifiers and schemes", "description": "Reported by the breadth pass; each item needs checking against its source before it becomes normative.", "evidence": [ { "scheme": "Wikidata", "value_or_pattern": "Q136851", "note": "item for the sport of curling" } ], "questions": [ { "id": "evidence-identifiers-q01", "text": "Which of these identifiers and schemes hold for the sense of curling this model covers, and on what evidence?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Does the registry intend curling to encompass wheelchair, mixed doubles and other adapted formats within one model, and where should format-specific extensions live?", "Which authoritative rule editions should ground delivery, sweeping, protected-stone, disturbance and scoring decisions for the supported formats?", "What positional and timing precision is sufficient for tactical assistance, and which decisions require approved measurement procedures or an authorised official?", "How should the model distinguish effects of ice path, individual stone behaviour, release rotation and sweeping when observations cannot isolate them?", "Should timed-play interruptions, concessions and event-specific completion procedures be represented here or supplied by a linked competition model?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 11, "findings": 12, "questions": 22 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a curling, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Enable an AI agent to recognise a curling activity, assess its playing state and determine which deliveries, sweeping actions and procedural decisions are available.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: mixed curling, wheelchair curling, women's curling, mixed doubles curling, Unicurl, Doubles curling.", "6 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 93 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a curling, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "mixed curling", "wheelchair curling", "women's curling", "mixed doubles curling", "Unicurl", "Doubles curling" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 93 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 6 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one curling from another, and a curling from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a curling sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a curling from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a curling passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a curling between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a curling, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a curling is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a curling proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a curling, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a curling and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a curling consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a curling takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What curling is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of curling are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is curling operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of curling and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of curling?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as curling?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a curling came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a curling and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a curling is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a curling, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a curling, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a curling is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }