{ "model": { "rank": 2867, "code": "thing-q142714", "model_id": "vr.tr.card-game", "name": "card game", "purpose": "Let an agent explain card games and their rules, help people learn and play, find variants and communities, and handle gambling-related questions responsibly.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Activities and processes", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "ACT", "domain": "ACT.ACT", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q142714/", "tier": 2, "score": 95, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "Magic: The Gathering set", "Pok Deng", "deck-building game", "Skat", "Skat variant", "trick-taking game", "Saunigl", "Mitch", "Ronfa", "Huapian", "capturing game", "faro", "blackjack", "Birthday", "dedicated deck card game", "Beggar-My-Neighbour", "Tarocchini", "Préférence", "Konter a Matt", "Botifarra", "real-time card game", "shedding-type game", "Rummy", "tổ tôm", "Durak", "Bräus", "cumulative trick-taking game", "counted trick-taking game", "Klammern", "Smear", "debertz", "Dreierschnapsen", "Jass", "Bauernschnapsen", "Living Card Game", "screw your neighbour", "Gin rummy", "Star Rummy", "Treppenrommé", "Rio rummy" ], "aliasCount": 62, "merged": 62, "knownIn": 95, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q142714", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142714", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-11T15:39:38Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 1, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q142714", "registryId": "vr.tr.card-game", "name": "card game", "version": "0.2.0-wave.1", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "ACT.ACT" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q142714/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.card-game", "name": "card game", "purpose": "Let an agent explain card games and their rules, help people learn and play, find variants and communities, and handle gambling-related questions responsibly.", "definition": "A game played with playing cards, traditional or purpose-made, including trick-taking games such as bridge, skat and whist, shedding games, rummy and matching games, gambling games, solitaire, and collectible and deck-building games such as Magic: The Gathering; rules vary by region and many games have formal governing bodies.", "what_it_is_for": "Recreation, competition and social play.", "affordances": [ "explain rules of a card game", "find variants and regional rules", "suggest games for a group", "address gambling risks responsibly" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Played with cards", "Many families of games", "Regional variants", "Casual to competitive" ], "appearance": "Players with hands of cards at a table or online.", "visual_identification": [ "Standard or special decks", "Tricks, melds or discards", "Board games use boards and pieces" ], "physical_properties": [], "families_and_kinds": [ "trick-taking games", "rummy and matching games", "shedding games", "gambling card games", "collectible and deck-building games" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "tabletop game", "why": "category" }, { "relation": "is played with", "target": "playing card", "why": "equipment" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "victory", "why": "winning" }, { "relation": "is related to", "target": "chess", "why": "other classic game" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "Rules of governing bodies such as the World Bridge Federation", "Gambling laws for money games", "Tournament rules for collectible games" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Gambling harm", "Rule disputes from variants", "Cheating" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "rules", "name": "Rules", "description": "How to play.", "rationale": "Rules vary.", "layers": [ { "id": "learn", "name": "Learn", "description": "Learning a game.", "findings": [ { "id": "learn-finding", "name": "Learn", "description": "Learning.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are the rules of this game, according to a standard source?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which variant is the user playing?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "dispute", "name": "Dispute", "description": "Resolving disputes.", "findings": [ { "id": "dispute-finding", "name": "Dispute", "description": "Disputes.", "questions": [ { "text": "How should a rules dispute be resolved?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which authority publishes official rules?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "choose", "name": "Choose", "description": "Picking a game.", "rationale": "Fit the group.", "layers": [ { "id": "group", "name": "Group", "description": "Game for a group.", "findings": [ { "id": "group-finding", "name": "Group", "description": "Game choice.", "questions": [ { "text": "Which card games suit this number of players, ages and time available?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which decks are needed?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "skill", "name": "Skill", "description": "Improving.", "findings": [ { "id": "skill-finding", "name": "Skill", "description": "Improving.", "questions": [ { "text": "How can a player improve at this game?", "kind": "action" }, { "text": "Which strategy resources exist?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "gambling", "name": "Gambling", "description": "Money games.", "rationale": "Handle with care.", "layers": [ { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Legality.", "findings": [ { "id": "law-finding", "name": "Law", "description": "Legality.", "questions": [ { "text": "Is playing this game for money legal here?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which age limits apply?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "harm", "name": "Harm", "description": "Gambling harm.", "findings": [ { "id": "harm-finding", "name": "Harm", "description": "Gambling harm.", "questions": [ { "text": "Does the user show signs of gambling problems?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "text": "Where can support be found?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "community", "name": "Community", "description": "Playing with others.", "rationale": "Communities exist.", "layers": [ { "id": "clubs", "name": "Clubs", "description": "Clubs and tournaments.", "findings": [ { "id": "clubs-finding", "name": "Clubs", "description": "Clubs.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where are clubs or tournaments for this game?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How are collectible game events organised?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "Origins.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "Where did this game originate, according to card game historians?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "How did it spread?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should each game be a separate entry?", "How should rule sources be linked?", "How should gambling rules be localised?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "abstract concept", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a card game, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain card games and their rules, help people learn and play, find variants and communities, and handle gambling-related questions responsibly.", "characteristics": { "substance": "activity", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: Magic: The Gathering set, Pok Deng, deck-building game, Skat, Skat variant, trick-taking game, Saunigl, Mitch, Ronfa, Huapian, capturing game, faro.", "62 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 95 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a card game, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "something that happens over time", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "Nothing to see. What is recognised is an instance of it, and which instances count is exactly what is argued about." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "Magic: The Gathering set", "Pok Deng", "deck-building game", "Skat", "Skat variant", "trick-taking game", "Saunigl", "Mitch", "Ronfa", "Huapian", "capturing game", "faro" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 95 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 62 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one card game from another, and a card game from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a card game sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a card game from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a card game passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a card game between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a card game, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a card game is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "process-and-outcome", "name": "Process, inputs and outcome", "description": "How a card game proceeds, what it needs and what it leaves behind.", "rationale": "An activity is known by its steps and its results, and both have to be recordable while it is still running.", "layers": [ { "id": "steps-and-sequence", "name": "Steps and sequence", "description": "The steps of a card game, their order and what may run in parallel.", "findings": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions", "name": "Steps, preconditions and completion", "description": "What has to be true before each step of a card game and what marks it done.", "questions": [ { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a step of a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a step of a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "steps-and-preconditions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a step of a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-results", "name": "Inputs, resources and results", "description": "What a card game consumes and what it produces.", "findings": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs", "name": "Inputs, outputs and side effects", "description": "The resources a card game takes and the results it leaves, wanted or not.", "questions": [ { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the inputs and results of a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the inputs and results of a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "inputs-and-outputs-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the inputs and results of a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "definitions-in-contest", "name": "Definitions and who holds them", "description": "What card game is taken to mean, and by whom.", "rationale": "When a field disagrees about a concept, the disagreement is the content. A model that picks one definition silently destroys the information.", "layers": [ { "id": "competing-definitions", "name": "Competing definitions", "description": "The main readings and the traditions behind them.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-map", "name": "Definitions and their holders", "description": "Each definition with the school or body that holds it.", "questions": [ { "id": "definition-map-q01", "text": "Which definitions of card game are in use, and which tradition or body holds each?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "definition-map-q02", "text": "What turns on the difference between them in practice?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "operationalisation", "name": "Operationalisation", "description": "How it is measured or applied when it has to be.", "findings": [ { "id": "operational-record", "name": "Measures and proxies", "description": "Instruments and indicators used to stand in for it.", "questions": [ { "id": "operational-record-q01", "text": "How is card game operationalised or measured in practice, and by what instrument?", "kind": "measurement" }, { "id": "operational-record-q02", "text": "What does that operationalisation leave out, and when does that matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "instances-and-use", "name": "Instances, use and consequence", "description": "What counts as an instance of card game and what follows from calling something that.", "rationale": "Applying a concept is an act with consequences, so a model must say what the label licenses and what it does not.", "layers": [ { "id": "instances", "name": "What counts as an instance", "description": "Clear cases, borderline cases and non-cases.", "findings": [ { "id": "instance-tests", "name": "Tests for an instance", "description": "What would settle whether something falls under it.", "questions": [ { "id": "instance-tests-q01", "text": "What would settle whether something is an instance of card game?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "instance-tests-q02", "text": "Which borderline cases are argued about, and on what grounds?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "consequence", "name": "Consequence of application", "description": "Rights, duties or decisions that follow from the label.", "findings": [ { "id": "consequence-record", "name": "What the label licenses", "description": "What an agent may do once something is classified this way.", "questions": [ { "id": "consequence-record-q01", "text": "What follows practically once something is treated as card game?", "kind": "action" }, { "id": "consequence-record-q02", "text": "What must an agent not infer from the label alone?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a card game came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a card game and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a card game is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a card game, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a card game, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a card game is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }