{ "model": { "rank": 11842, "code": "thing-q1436963", "model_id": "vr.tr.payment-card", "name": "payment card", "purpose": "Let an agent explain payment cards and their kinds, relay technology, networks and regulation from payments industry sources, describe transit and rail passes as the registry aliases include them, and distinguish payment cards from cash, mobile payments, identity cards and loyalty cards, without giving personal financial advice.", "family": "Thing Registry", "category": "Information and virtual systems", "status": "research-draft", "kind": "thing", "plane": "INF", "domain": "INF.MED", "industry": "", "version": "", "url": "/models/thing/q1436963/", "tier": 2, "score": 41, "payload": { "layer": "wikidata", "aliases": [ "transit pass", "Yitongka", "KURURU", "free travel pass", "rail pass", "Rail Plus", "transportation card", "NicePass", "Passnet", "Kinoca", "France rail pass", "Kintetsu Rail Pass", "merchandise certificate", "T-money", "telephone card", "ATM card", "embossed payment card", "Peony Card", "electronic benefit transfer card", "virtual card", "gift card", "bank card", "rechargeable calling card", "VVV Cadeaubon" ], "aliasCount": 24, "merged": 24, "knownIn": 41, "facets": null, "markers": [], "lexicalClass": "", "senseRank": null, "alsoRegisteredAs": null, "source": { "dataset": "wikidata", "item": "Q1436963", "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436963", "license": "CC0 1.0" } }, "research": { "vercy": "1.0-draft", "publication": { "status": "research-draft", "adjudicationStatus": "unreviewed", "publishableCanonical": false, "generatedAt": "2026-09-13T14:33:26Z", "providers": [ "Claude" ], "breadth": "written by Claude from model knowledge without web access - no source was read, every claim is a lead to verify", "pass": 2, "wave": 4, "engine": "claude" }, "metaModel": { "id": "THING-Q1436963", "registryId": "vr.tr.payment-card", "name": "payment card", "version": "0.2.0-wave.4", "entryKind": "thing", "family": "Thing Registry", "domain": [ "INF.MED" ], "status": "research-draft" }, "canonicalUrl": "https://ver.cy/models/thing/q1436963/", "model": { "registry_id": "vr.tr.payment-card", "name": "payment card", "purpose": "Let an agent explain payment cards and their kinds, relay technology, networks and regulation from payments industry sources, describe transit and rail passes as the registry aliases include them, and distinguish payment cards from cash, mobile payments, identity cards and loyalty cards, without giving personal financial advice.", "definition": "A card issued by a financial institution or transport operator that enables payment or access, from debit, credit and prepaid cards to transit passes and stored-value cards such as Beijing s Yitongka, Japanese and other rail passes, free travel passes for eligible groups and regional products such as Rail Plus; payment cards use magnetic stripes, chips and contactless technology and are regulated as payment instruments.", "what_it_is_for": "Making payments and accessing services.", "affordances": [ "explain kinds and technology", "relay networks and regulation", "describe transit passes", "distinguish related instruments" ], "distinguishing_features": [ "Payment instrument", "Chip and contactless", "Network schemes", "Transit variants" ], "appearance": "A plastic or virtual card with chip, stripe or contactless antenna.", "visual_identification": [ "Card enabling payment or access", "Debit, credit and prepaid cards, transit passes, Yitongka, rail passes, free travel passes, Rail Plus, KURURU", "Cash is physical currency; mobile payments use phones; identity cards prove identity; loyalty cards earn rewards" ], "physical_properties": [ { "quantity": "EMV chip standard", "typical_range": "1990s onward", "unit": "period", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "card dimensions", "typical_range": "ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1, 85.6 by 54 mm", "unit": "note", "note": "" }, { "quantity": "global card transactions", "typical_range": "hundreds of billions per year", "unit": "note", "note": "estimates" } ], "families_and_kinds": [ "debit cards", "credit cards", "prepaid and stored-value cards", "transit and stored-value passes such as Yitongka and KURURU", "rail passes and free travel passes", "virtual and tokenised cards" ], "related_models": [ { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "payment method", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "financial product", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is a kind of", "target": "card", "why": "in registry terms" }, { "relation": "is contrasted with", "target": "mobile payment", "why": "using phones" } ], "identifiers": [], "standards_and_regulation": [ "ISO/IEC 7810 and 7816 card standards", "EMV and PCI DSS security standards", "Payment services regulation such as PSD2", "Transit fare regulations" ], "failure_modes_and_hazards": [ "Fraud and data breaches", "Agents giving personal financial advice", "Registry aliases mixing payment and transit products" ], "in_scope": [], "out_of_scope": [], "characteristics": [] }, "sources": [], "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "understand", "name": "Understand", "description": "What a payment card is.", "rationale": "Definition.", "layers": [ { "id": "definition", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition and kinds.", "findings": [ { "id": "definition-finding", "name": "Definition", "description": "Definition.", "questions": [ { "text": "What is a payment card, and how do debit, credit, prepaid and transit cards differ from cash, mobile payments and identity cards?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Is the question about cards in general, a kind, technology, regulation or a personal finance matter?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "transit", "name": "Transit", "description": "Transit and rail passes.", "findings": [ { "id": "transit-finding", "name": "Transit", "description": "Transit.", "questions": [ { "text": "What are transit passes, Yitongka, KURURU, rail passes, free travel passes and Rail Plus?", "kind": "definition" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the specific product?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "technology", "name": "Technology", "description": "Technology.", "rationale": "Science.", "layers": [ { "id": "chips", "name": "Chips", "description": "Chips and contactless.", "findings": [ { "id": "chips-finding", "name": "Chips", "description": "Chips.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do magnetic stripes, EMV chips, contactless and tokenisation work?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which references are standard?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] }, { "id": "networks", "name": "Networks", "description": "Networks.", "findings": [ { "id": "networks-finding", "name": "Networks", "description": "Networks.", "questions": [ { "text": "How do card schemes, issuers, acquirers and interchange work?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which sources are cited?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "regulation", "name": "Regulation", "description": "Regulation and security.", "rationale": "Regulation.", "layers": [ { "id": "law", "name": "Law", "description": "Law.", "findings": [ { "id": "law-finding", "name": "Law", "description": "Law.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are payment cards regulated for consumer protection, fees and security?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits payment services regulation?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "fraud", "name": "Fraud", "description": "Fraud.", "findings": [ { "id": "fraud-finding", "name": "Fraud", "description": "Fraud.", "questions": [ { "text": "What card fraud risks exist, and how are they mitigated, at a general level?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits credit card fraud?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "context", "name": "Context", "description": "History and future.", "rationale": "Context.", "layers": [ { "id": "history", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "findings": [ { "id": "history-finding", "name": "History", "description": "History.", "questions": [ { "text": "How did payment cards develop from charge plates to contactless?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits the history of credit cards?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] }, { "id": "future", "name": "Future", "description": "Future.", "findings": [ { "id": "future-finding", "name": "Future", "description": "Future.", "questions": [ { "text": "How are digital wallets and open-loop transit changing cards?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "text": "Which entry fits digital wallet?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "openQuestions": [ "Should credit card, transit pass and rail pass be separate primary entries?", "How should payments industry sources be linked?", "The registry entry has merged aliases naming transit and rail products; should they be split off?" ], "statistics": { "bundles": 4, "layers": 8, "findings": 8, "questions": 16 } }, "draft": { "generator": "vr.draft.v3", "status": "draft-generated", "researched": false, "archetype": "work, medium or creative form", "method": "Written from the archetype playbook - what this kind of thing needs beyond identity and provenance - and from the structure that recurred across 6,333 models already researched by two engines. Applied to this entry by rule. No source was read for this thing and no claim here is researched. This entry carries no facets of its own, so they were inferred from its domain - a guess about a whole domain applied to one thing.", "facetsInferred": true, "nextPass": "A researcher replaces this draft with a sourced specification. Treat every sentence below as a proposal to argue with.", "purpose": "Give an agent a durable, checkable way to recognise a payment card, record what state it is in, and decide what may be done with it.", "whatItIs": "Let an agent explain payment cards and their kinds, relay technology, networks and regulation from payments industry sources, describe transit and rail passes as the registry aliases include them, and distinguish payment cards from cash, mobile payments, identity cards and loyalty cards, without giving personal financial advice.", "characteristics": { "substance": "information", "origin": "conceptual", "agency": "inert" }, "whatYouCanDoWithIt": [ "read and interpreted", "observed and measured" ], "distinguishingFeatures": [ "Names folded into this entry, which a task may need to split apart again: transit pass, Yitongka, KURURU, free travel pass, rail pass, Rail Plus, transportation card, NicePass, Passnet, Kinoca, France rail pass, Kintetsu Rail Pass.", "24 finer distinctions are held as aliases rather than separate entries, because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it.", "Described in 41 Wikipedia languages, which is a measure of how widely the thing is known, not of how important it is." ], "openQuestionsForResearch": [ "Which of the bundles below does a real task actually need, and which are ceremony?", "What does this thing have that the facets do not capture at all?", "Which neighbouring kind is most often confused with a payment card, and on what evidence are they told apart?" ], "whatItIsMadeOf": "content that has to be carried by something else", "physicalCharacter": [ "Does nothing on its own; everything it does, something else did to it.", "These come from the domain this entry sits in rather than from the entry itself, so treat them as a first guess about the whole domain applied to one thing." ], "whatCanBeDoneWithIt": [ "read it and act on what it says", "observe it, measure it, record its state" ], "howItIsRecognised": [ "What is seen is a copy or a performance, not the work. Recognising the work means recognising the content through whatever is carrying it." ], "relatedModels": [ { "relation": "covers", "note": "Finer kinds folded into this entry because telling them apart needs a task that asks for it. Each is a model waiting to be split out when one does.", "targets": [ "transit pass", "Yitongka", "KURURU", "free travel pass", "rail pass", "Rail Plus", "transportation card", "NicePass", "Passnet", "Kinoca", "France rail pass", "Kintetsu Rail Pass" ] } ], "standing": "Described in 41 Wikipedia languages, which measures how widely it is written about rather than how important or how common it is. 24 finer distinctions are held inside this entry as names rather than as separate models.", "structure": { "bundles": [ { "id": "identity-and-classification", "name": "Identity, naming and classification", "description": "How an agent tells one payment card from another, and a payment card from things that resemble it.", "rationale": "Recognition comes before every other claim. Without stable identity nothing else in the model can be trusted to be about the same thing twice.", "layers": [ { "id": "naming-and-identifiers", "name": "Names and identifiers", "description": "The names this thing goes by and the identifiers that survive translation and time.", "findings": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases", "name": "Preferred name, aliases and local names", "description": "Which name to use, which names mean the same thing, and which merely sound similar.", "questions": [ { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the name of a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the name of a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "preferred-name-and-aliases-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the name of a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers", "name": "Stable identifiers and external keys", "description": "Identifiers that keep pointing at this kind of thing across systems and languages.", "questions": [ { "id": "stable-identifiers-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an identifier for a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an identifier for a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stable-identifiers-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an identifier for a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "classification-and-granularity", "name": "Classification and granularity", "description": "Where a payment card sits among kinds, and how finely a task needs to cut it.", "findings": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents", "name": "Kind, parents and neighbouring kinds", "description": "The classes this thing belongs to and the ones it is next to.", "questions": [ { "id": "kind-and-parents-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the kind of a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the kind of a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "kind-and-parents-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the kind of a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features", "name": "Distinguishing features", "description": "What separates a payment card from the things most often confused with it.", "questions": [ { "id": "distinguishing-features-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes what distinguishes a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about what distinguishes a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "distinguishing-features-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once what distinguishes a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "state-and-lifecycle", "name": "State and lifecycle", "description": "The states a payment card passes through and the events that move it between them.", "rationale": "Most decisions about a thing depend on what state it is in now, which is a claim with a time on it, not a property.", "layers": [ { "id": "lifecycle-stages", "name": "Lifecycle stages", "description": "From coming into existence to ceasing to be one of these.", "findings": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions", "name": "Stages and transitions", "description": "The stages worth naming and what moves a payment card between them.", "questions": [ { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the lifecycle of a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the lifecycle of a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "stages-and-transitions-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the lifecycle of a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "observations-and-status", "name": "Observations and current status", "description": "What is observed about a payment card, how often and by whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "observation-record", "name": "Observation record", "description": "How an observation of a payment card is recorded so that it can be superseded rather than overwritten.", "questions": [ { "id": "observation-record-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes an observation of a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about an observation of a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "observation-record-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once an observation of a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "content-and-access", "name": "Content, encoding and access", "description": "What a payment card says, how it is encoded and who may read it.", "rationale": "An informational thing carries content that can be copied, versioned and withheld, none of which its physical carrier explains.", "layers": [ { "id": "content-and-encoding", "name": "Content and encoding", "description": "The content itself, its format and its language.", "findings": [ { "id": "content-and-format", "name": "Content, format and language", "description": "What a payment card contains and in what form it is held.", "questions": [ { "id": "content-and-format-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the content of a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the content of a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "content-and-format-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the content of a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "access-and-rights", "name": "Access, rights and retention", "description": "Who may read, copy or change it, and for how long it is kept.", "findings": [ { "id": "access-rules", "name": "Access rules and retention", "description": "The permissions attached to a payment card and the period it survives.", "questions": [ { "id": "access-rules-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes access to a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about access to a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "access-rules-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once access to a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "work-and-manifestation", "name": "Work, version and copy", "description": "Which level of payment card a statement is about.", "rationale": "The work, the edition, the file and the copy in hand are four things; rights and content attach to different ones.", "layers": [ { "id": "levels", "name": "Levels of the thing", "description": "Work, expression, manifestation and item, in plain terms.", "findings": [ { "id": "level-rules", "name": "What belongs at each level", "description": "Which facts hold for the work and which only for one copy.", "questions": [ { "id": "level-rules-q01", "text": "For payment card, which facts belong to the work itself, which to a version, and which to a single copy?", "kind": "boundary" }, { "id": "level-rules-q02", "text": "What identifier exists at each level, and which one is being cited?", "kind": "definition" } ] } ] }, { "id": "versions", "name": "Versions, editions and variants", "description": "How versions differ and which is canonical to whom.", "findings": [ { "id": "version-record", "name": "Versions and canonicity", "description": "Differences that matter and who calls one authoritative.", "questions": [ { "id": "version-record-q01", "text": "Which versions or editions of payment card exist, and how do they differ substantively?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "version-record-q02", "text": "Who treats which version as authoritative, and for what purpose?", "kind": "provenance" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "authorship-and-rights", "name": "Authorship, rights and permitted use", "description": "Who made payment card and what may be done with it.", "rationale": "Rights are jurisdictional, time-limited and attached to a level, and an agent that ignores that will copy what it may not.", "layers": [ { "id": "authorship", "name": "Authorship and contribution", "description": "Who contributed what, and in what capacity.", "findings": [ { "id": "contribution-record", "name": "Contributors and roles", "description": "The people and bodies behind it, with their roles.", "questions": [ { "id": "contribution-record-q01", "text": "Who authored or contributed to payment card, in what roles, and how is that attested?", "kind": "provenance" }, { "id": "contribution-record-q02", "text": "Where authorship is disputed or anonymous, what is recorded instead?", "kind": "boundary" } ] } ] }, { "id": "rights", "name": "Rights and permissions", "description": "Which rights subsist, where, until when, and what they permit.", "findings": [ { "id": "rights-record", "name": "Rights, term and permitted acts", "description": "The regime in force and what it allows.", "questions": [ { "id": "rights-record-q01", "text": "What rights subsist in payment card, in which jurisdictions, and until when?", "kind": "definition" }, { "id": "rights-record-q02", "text": "Which acts are permitted without further permission, and which must an agent refuse?", "kind": "action" } ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "provenance-and-evidence", "name": "Provenance, evidence and time", "description": "Where every claim about a payment card came from and when it held.", "rationale": "A claim without a source and a time cannot be superseded, only overwritten, and an agent that overwrites loses the ability to explain itself.", "layers": [ { "id": "source-and-authority", "name": "Source and authority", "description": "Who said it, on what evidence, and how strongly.", "findings": [ { "id": "claim-provenance", "name": "Claim provenance and confidence", "description": "The authority behind each claim about a payment card and how confident it is.", "questions": [ { "id": "claim-provenance-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes a claim about a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about a claim about a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "claim-provenance-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once a claim about a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] }, { "id": "time-and-versions", "name": "Time, versions and supersession", "description": "When a claim was true, when it was learnt, and what replaced it.", "findings": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession", "name": "Validity period and supersession", "description": "How an old claim about a payment card is retired without being erased.", "questions": [ { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q01", "text": "What identifies and describes the validity of a claim about a payment card, and in what units or vocabulary?", "kind": "definition", "answer_data": [ "identifiers", "types and classes", "values with units", "explicit unknowns" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q02", "text": "Who or what asserted this about the validity of a claim about a payment card, by which method, and when was it true?", "kind": "provenance", "answer_data": [ "authority", "method", "evidence", "event time", "knowledge time" ] }, { "id": "validity-and-supersession-q03", "text": "What may an agent decide or do once the validity of a claim about a payment card is known, and what must it refuse?", "kind": "action", "answer_data": [ "permitted actions", "preconditions", "refusals", "escalation" ] } ] } ] } ] } ] }, "statistics": { "bundles": 6, "layers": 12, "findings": 14, "questions": 38 } } } }